proctor 
proctor (prok'tor), . [Early mod. E. alsojwoc- 
/. /, i>riirtour; (ME. prokturc, proketour, proke- 
toicre, abbr. of OP. procurator, < L. procurator, 
a manager, agent: see procurator. Cl. proxy, 
contr. of proeuracy.} 1. One who is employed 
to manage the affairs of another ; a procurator. 
Where the wyde marlage w by wrltinges and instru- 
mentes couenaunted, conalscended, and agreed, and affi- 
ances made and taken by Procters and deputies on bothe 
I, lr ti, -. Hall, Rich. III., an. 3. 
The most clamorous for this pretended reformation are 
either atheist* or else proctort suborned by atheists. 
Hooter. 
2. Specifically, a person employed to manage 
another's cause in a court of civil or ecclesi- 
astical law, as in the court of admiralty or a 
spiritual court. Procton dlacharged duties similar to 
those of solicitors and attorneys in other courts. The 
term ia also used in some American courts for practition- 
ers performing functions in admiralty and in probate cor- 
responding to those of attorneys at law. 
"What la a proctor, Steerforth?" said I. " Why, he Is 
a sort of monkish attorney." replied Steerforth. "He Is 
to some faded courts held in Doctors' Commons a lazy 
old nook near St. Pauls Churchyard what solicitors are 
to the courts of law and equity. ' 
Mcleeni, David Copperneld, xxllL 
During the whole of Stafford's primacy the pope filled 
up the sees by provision, the council nominated their 
candidates ; at Rome the proctor* of the parties contrived 
a compromise. Stutbi, Const Hist., 5 386. 
3. One of the representatives of the clergy in 
the Convocations of the two provinces of Can- 
terbury and York in the Church of England. 
They are elected by the cathedral chapters and 
the clergy of a diocese or an archdeaconry. 
The clerical proctors . . . were originally summoned to 
complete the representation of the spiritual estate, with 
an especial view to the taxation of spiritual property ; and 
In that summons they had standing-ground from which 
they might have secured a permanent position in the 
legislature. By adhering to their ecclesiastical organisa- 
tion in the convocations they lost their opportunity, and, 
almost as soon as it was offered them, forfeited their 
chance of becoming an active part of parliament. 
Stubbf, Const Hist, $ 432. 
4. An official in a university or college whose 
function it is to see that good order is kept. 
In the universities of Oxford and Cambridge the proctors 
are two officers chosen from among the masters of arts. 
It is the Proctors' duty to look after the business of the 
University, to be assessors of the Chancellor or Vice- 
chancellor in the causes heard In the University, to count 
the votes in the Houses of Convocation and Congregation. 
. . . and to exact fines and other penalties for breaches of 
University discipline among Undergraduates. 
Dickent, Diet. Oxford, p. %. 
We, unworthier, told 
Of college : he had climb'd across the spikes, . . . 
And he had breath'd the Proctor's dogs. 
Tennyton, Princess, Prol. 
6. A keeper of a spital-house ; a liar. Hartuan, 
Caveat for Cursetors, p. 115. 6f. One who col- 
lected alms for lepers or others unable to beg in 
person. [Cant.] 
According to Kennett. beggars of any kind were called 
proctan. The Fraternitye of Vacabondes, 1575, has the 
following notice: " Proctour is he that wil tary long, 
and bring a lye, when his maister scndeth him on his 
errand." HaUiuxU. 
Proctors' dogs, proctors' men, proctors' servants. 
Same as bulldog, 3. 
proctor (prok'tor), v. t. [< proctor, n.} 1. To 
manage as an attorney or pleader. 
I cannot proctor my own cause so well 
To"jnake It clear. 
Warburt'iii. On Shakspeare's Antony and Cleopatra. 
((Lattam.) 
2f. To hector; swagger; bully. Forby, quoted 
in Halliwell. 
proctorage (prok'tor-ij), n. [(.proctor + -age.'] 
Management by a proctor or other agent ; hence, 
management or superintendence in general. 
As for the fogging proctorage of money, with such an 
eye as strooke (lehezl with Leprosy, and Simon Magus 
with a curse, so does she [excommunication] looke. 
Milton, Reformation In Eng., II. 
proctorial (prok-to'ri-al), a. [< proctor + -i-nl.] 
Relating or pertaining to a proctor, especially 
a university proctor. [Rare.] 
proctorical (prok-tor'i-kal), a. [< proctor + 
-ic-al.} Proctorial. 
Every tutor, for the better discharging of his duty, 
shall have procturical authority over his pupils. 
Prideawc, Life, p. 231. 
proctorize (prok'tor-iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
proct<iri;ni, ppr. proctorizing. [< proctor + 
-!><.] To summon before a proctor, as for rep- 
rimand. [Eng. university slang.] 
One don't like to go In while there ' any chance of a 
real row, as you call It, and so gets proctnrirrit In one's old 
age for one's patriotism. 
T. Hugha, Tom Brown at Oxford, I. xll. 
proctorrhagia (prok-to-ra'ji-6), . [NL., < Or. 
Tpuo:-"' . tin- MMIIH, + -paf'm, \ {uf)-v'wai, break, 
burst.] Hemorrhage from the anus. 
4750 
proctorrhea, proctorrhoea (prok-tv-re'a), . 
[NL. proctomnea, < Gr. 7-puicrdf, the anus, + 
pola, a flowing, < fair, flow. ] A morbid discharge 
from the anus. 
proctorship (prok'tor-ship), n. [< proctor + 
-ship.} The office of a proctor; management 
or procuratorship; specifically, the position of 
the proctor of a university. 
The proctonhip lor science, justly assumed for matters 
within his province as a student, Is rather hastily extend- 
ed to matters which he himself declares to be beyond it. 
Pop. Sri. Mo., XXVni. 815. 
proctotomy (prok-tot'o-mi), n. [< Gr. 1 
the anus, + -TO///O, < TC/JVCIV, ra/ielv, cut.] In 
surg., a cutting of the rectum, as in the divi- 
sion of a stricture or for the cure of a fistula. 
proctotrete (prok'to-tret), . A lizard of the 
genus Proctotretun. 
Proctotretus (prok-to-tre'tus), n. [NL., < Gr. 
oc, the anus, + rprtrof, perforated.] A ge- 
nus of South American iguanoid lizards, as P. 
multimaculatus, of southern South America. 
Proctotrupes, etc. See Proctotrypes, etc. 
Proctotrypes (prok-to-tri'pez), . [NL. (La- 
treille, 1 1 96, in the form Proetotrupes), < Gr. TT/XJK- 
TOJ-, the anus, + rpiirav, bore, pierce through.] 
The typical genus of Proctotrypidte. They are 
small l)lack insects, often with reddish abdomen, having 
edentate mandibles and single-spurred fore tibUe. About 
50 species of this wide-spread genus have been described. 
They are mainly parasitic upon the lame of dipterous In- 
sects which infest fungi. 
Proctotrypidae (prok-to-trip'i-de), n. pi. [NL. 
(Stephens, 1829, in the form Proctotrupidx), < 
Proctotrypes + -itlse.} A notable family of par- 
asitic entomophagous hymenopterous insects, 
typified by the genus Proctotrypes, of minute 
size and usually somber colors, having the hind 
margin of the prothorax reaching the teguloe, 
and the ovipositor issuing from the tip of the 
abdomen. The group is very large and of universal dis- 
tribution. Over 800 species of 120 genera are known 
in Europe alone. The 11 subfamilies are Dryinitta, Eiribn. 
liminif, Bcthylinj?, Ceraphroninte, I'roctvtrypinx. Sceli- 
oniiur, Platygafteriiue, MymariHx, Diapriinx, Belytinx, 
and U'i'irin:i'. - See cut under Ptatygaster. 
Proctucha (prok-tu'kS), n. pi. [NL., ueut. pi. 
of proctufhus: see proctuchous.'} Oneoftwodi- 
visions of the TurMlaria (the 
other being Aprocta), in which 
there is an anal aperture of the 
alimentary cavity. They are the 
rhynchoccelous turbellarians or ne- 
mertean worms; some of them dilfer 
little from the aproctous rhalxlocie- 
lous turbellarians, save In having an 
anus; but there Is generally a frontal 
proboscis without a buccal proboscis, 
eyes and ciliated fossa? on the head, 
and sexual distinctness. See also 
cuts under Hhynchotxrla and I'ili- 
rftum. 
proctuchous (prok-tu'kus), a. 
[< NL. proctucliHn, < Gr. Jiyxj*- 
r<5f, the anus, + IXMV, have.] 
Having an anus: said of the, 
I'roctuclia, in distinction from 
the Aprocta. 
procumbent (pro-kum'bent), 
(i. [< L. procumben(t-),"piiT. 
of prociimbere, fall forward or 
prostrate, < pro, forward, + 
"cumbere, cubarc, lie : see CIIHI- 
bent.} 1. Lying down or on 
the face ; prone. 
Procumbent each obeyed. 
Cowper. (Imp. Diet.) 
2. In bot., trailing; prostrate; 
unable to support itself, and 
therefore lying on the ground, 
but without putting forth 
roots: as, a procumbent stem, 
procurable (pro-kur'a-bl), a. 
[< procure + -able.'} That may 
be procured; obtainable: as, 
an article readily procurable. 
It (syrup of violets] Is a far more common and procura- 
ble liquor. Boyle, Works, I. 744. 
procuracy (prok'u-ra-si), . [< WE. procuractf, 
<OF. *procuracie,<. ML. procuratia, procunn /'</, 
a caring for, charge : see procuration. Cf . proxy, 
eontr. of procuracy.'} 1. The office or service 
of a procurator; toe management of an affair 
for another. 2f. A proxy or procuration. 
The seyd prionr hath sent also to yow and to Maynter 
William Swan, whlche longe hathe be his procurator, a 
procurable for my person, and v. marcx of moneye onward. 
PaJtan Lettrrt, I. 21. 
The legal assembled a synod of the clergle at I/union, 
vnon the last of Julie, In the which he demanded proeu- 
raciet. HMiultrd, Hen. III., an. 1. 
A Proctuchous Tur- 
bell.trian (Tttrastrm- 
ma). 
a, a, central nervous 
ganglia: b. b, ciliated 
lov-r ; f, orifice for pro- 
trusion of the frontal 
proboscis; d, anterior 
part of the proboscis ; 
. posterior muscular 
part of same, fixed to 
the parietes at ./ .' f, 
intestine : A, anus ; i, 
water-vessels; ^.rhyth- 
mically contractile vev 
els. 
procure 
procuration (prok-u-ra'shon), n. [< ME. pro- 
ruracioitn, < OF. (and F.)' procuration = Pr. 
procuration = Sp. procuracion = Pg. procura- 
cSo = It. procurazione, < L. procuratto(n-) (ML. 
also procuratia), a caring for, charge, adminis- 
tration, procuration, < procurare, pp. procura- 
tus, take care of, manage, administer: see pro- 
cure.} If. Care; management. 
Eke plauntes have this promracioun 
Unto thalre greet mnltlplicacion ; 
That first Is doone the seede with moold & donnge 
In skeiipen [baskets] under lande to rere up yonge. 
Palladia*, Husboudrle (E. E. T. S.), p. 214. 
2. The management of another's affairs; the 
being intrusted with such management. 
I take not upon me either their procuration or their pat- 
ronage, lip. Hall, Remains, p. 370. (Latham.) 
It were well to be wished that persons of eminence 
would cease to make themselves representatives of the 
people of England without a letter of attorney, or any 
other act of procuration. Burke, A Regicide Peace, I1L 
3. A document by which a person is empow- 
ered to transact the affairs of another. See HIHII- 
date, 4 (6). 4. Eccles. : (a) Formerly, provision 
of the necessary expenses for visitation, due 
from a church, monastery, or incumbent, etc., 
to the bishop or archdeacon upon his visitation. 
(b) In modern usage, the sum of money paid to 
a bishop or archdeacon as a commutation for 
the above provision.-procuratlon-fee, or procu- 
ration-money, a sum of money taken by scriveners on 
effecting loans of money. 
procurator (prok'u-ra-tor), n. [Early mod. E. 
procuratour, < ME. procurator, procuratour, 
prokeratour, < OF. procurator, F. procuruteur 
= Sp. Pg. procurator = li.procuratore, < L. pro- 
curator, a manager, agent, administrator, dep- 
uty, steward, bailiff, < procurare, pp. procura- 
tus, take care of, manage : see procure. Cf. 
proctor, coutr. of procurator.} 1. The manager 
of another's affairs ; one who acts for or instead 
of another, and under his authority ; especially, 
one who undertakes the care of any legal pro- 
ceedings for another, and stands in his place ; 
a proctor; an agent; in Scotland, one who rep- 
regents a party in the inferior courts. 
May I not axe a libel, sire somonour. 
And answere ther by my procurator 
To swich thyng as men wole apposen met 
Chaucer, Friar's Tale, 1. 298. 
The speaker of the commons, ... In addition to the 
general superintendence of business and his authority as 
procurator and prolocutor of the house, had also to main* 
tain order. Stubbi, Const. Hist, f 435. 
2. In Hum. hint., a financial agent or manager 
in an imperial province, corresponding to the 
questor in a senatorial province ; also, an ad- 
ministrator of the imperial fiseus, or treasury, 
or one of certain other personal agents or rep- 
resentatives of the emperor. 
Pilate, . . . the flfth Roman procurator ... of Judiea, 
Samaria, and Idumwa. Eneyc. Brit., XIX. S8. 
Procurator fiscal. In Scotland, a public prosecutor. 
The public prosecutor for counties Is the procurator- 
JiKal, who takes the initiative In cases of suspected death. 
A'nrjre. Brit., XXL 536. 
procuratorial (prok'u-ra-to'ri-al), a. [< procu- 
rator -f- -i-al.} Of or pertaining to a procurator 
or proctor ; made or done by a proctor. 
All procuratorial exceptions ought to be made before 
contestation of suit, and not afterwards, as being dilatory 
exceptions, if a proctor was then made and constituted. 
Ayli/e, Farergon. 
Procuratorial cycle, in English universities, a fixed ro- 
tation in which proctors are selected from certain col- 
leges and halls. 
In the old procuratorial cycle, In the University Statutes, 
It (Queen's College] Is styled "Collegium Roginense." 
jV. and Q., 7th ser., III. 892. 
procuratorship (prok'u-ra-tor-ship), n. ^pro- 
curator + -uliip.} The office of a procurator. 
The office which Pilate bore was the procuratorthip of 
.1 ud.i Bp. Peanon, Expos, of Creed, IT. 
procuratory (prok'u-ra-to-ri), a. and H. [< LL. 
procuratonus, pertaiiiiiigto a manager or agi-n I , 
< L. procurator, a manager: see procurator.} 
I. a. Pertaining to procuration. 
II. H. The instrument by which any person 
constitutes or appoints his procurator to repre- 
sent him in any court or cause. 
procure (pro-kfir'), >. ; pret. and pp. prorm-nl. 
ppr. procuriiiii. [< ML. procurcn, < OF. pro- 
run r. F. i>riH-nrrr= Sp. Pg. procurar = It. pro- 
curnrr, < L. /irix-itrure, take care of, care for, 
look after, manage, administer, \> a procura- 
tor, also make expiation. < /), for, before, + 
curare, care for, look after, < citra, can 
cure.} I. trims. If. To care for; give attention 
to; look after. 
