8p. 
program 
Pg. It. progniHiinit = D. pro- 
aramm = ('. programm = Sw. Dan. program, < 
LL. iirni/riiHiiHii, a proclamation, edict, < Gr. 
np6)i>afjua, a written public notico, an edict, < 
irpoypd+fiv, write beforehand, < Vfo, before, + 
tfa^nv, write.] 1. A written or printed list 
of the pieces or selections which constitute a 
musical, theatrical, or other performance or 
entertainment, set down in the order of their 
performance or exhibition. The titles, author*, and 
performers of musical pieces are ordinarily given, often 
with the addition of descriptive or explanatory remarks. 
Scraps of regular Memoir, College- Exercises, Programs, 
Professional Testimoniums. 
Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, II. 3. 
Hence 2. The collection of such pieces or 
selections. The several pieces are often called 
numbers. 3. A method of operation or line of 
procedure prepared or announced beforehand ; 
an outline or abstract of something to be done 
or carried out: as, the program of the new 
administration; the program of a school or 
university. 
Well, here surely is an Evangel of Freedom, and real 
Program of a new Era, 
CartyU, Latter Day Pamphlets, .Model Prisons. 
A series of Impudent shams have been palmed off on 
the country as a programme for general reform. 
Nineteenth Century, XXVI. 745. 
The programme of the inaugural Is already modified. 
The Century, XXXV. 720. 
4. A preface ; prolegomena ; a preliminary or 
introductory statement or announcement. 
He (Onllelmus Christ) admires greatly Hermann's pro- 
gram on " Interpolations in Homer." 
Amer. Jour. Philnl., V. 504. 
Program music, see music. 
programma (pro-gram'a), B.; pi. programmata 
(-a-ta). [< LL. 'programma, < Gr. vp6)/>afi/ut, a 
public notice : see program.'] 1. A public no- 
tice ; an edict. 
A programma stuck up In every college hall, under the 
vice-chancellor's hand, that no scholars abuse the soldiers. 
L\fe a] A. Wood. (Latham.) 
2. A preface ; prolegomena. 
His (Dr. Bathurst'sl programma on preaching, Instead 
of a dry formal remonstrance, is an agreeable and lively 
piece of writing. 
T. Warton, Life of Bathurst, p. 218. (Latham.) 
The peculiar features of the arrangement of his |Eutha- 
lius's) text are prefaces, programmata, lists of quotations, 
with reference to the authors, sacred and profane, from 
whom they come. 
J. Krndel Harris, Amer. Jour. Philol., IV. 815. 
programme, . See program. 
programmer (pro'gram-er), B. One who makes 
up a program : as, the official programmer of 
the Jockey Club. 
Progresista (pro-gre-sis'tS), . [Sp., = E. pro- 
gressixt.] Same as Progressist (a). 
progress (prog'res), n. [< OF. progrrx, progrc:, 
F. progrex = Sp. proj/reao = Pg. It. progresso = 
G. progress, < L. progress*!,*, an advance, < pro- 
gredi, pp. pragma**, go forward, advance, pro- 
ceed, < pro, forth, before, + graili. walk, go. 
Cf. congress, ingress, egress, regress, etc.] 1. 
A going onward; a moving or proceeding for- 
ward; advance: as, to make slow or rapid pro- 
gress on a journey ; to hinder one's progress. 
Thou by thy dial's shady stealth mayst know 
Time's thievish vrognst to eternity. 
Sl,at., Sonnets, Ixxvii. 
Ourpnw/ifj* was often detay'd 
By the nightingale warbling nigh. 
Camper, Catharina. 
We trace his proyrru [that of one of Shakspere's charac- 
ters] from the first dawning of unlawful ambition to the 
cynical melancholy of his impenitent remorse. 
Macaulay, Dryden. 
2. A passage from place to place; a journey; 
wayfaring. 
Ho forth they forth yfcre make their progretse, 
And inarch not past the mountenaunce of a shott 
Till they arrlv'd whereas their purpose they did plott. 
Spenser, . Q., III. xi. 20. 
It was my fortune, with some others mue, 
One summer day a prngresse for to go 
Into the countne. 
7H'i.i' Whittle (E. E. T. 8.), p. 82. 
4760 
I ... met the archbishop of .ttglna. . . . who was 
making a progress to collect charity for his church. 
Pococke, Description of the East, II. IL 160. 
The royal progresses were diligently carried on, when the 
king ICnuU with his following of counsellors and scribes, 
administered justice and redressed wrong as Kadgar and 
.Klfred had done before him. 
.'. R. Oreen, Conq. of Eng., p. 409. 
The king . . . spent the autumn In a royal progress, the 
object of which was to reconcile all parties. 
Stwbbs, Const. Hist., | 348. 
4. Advancement of any kind : growth; devel- 
opment ; improvement : as, the progress of a 
negotiation; the progress of a plant; the pro- 
gress of a patient toward recovery ; the progress 
of a scholar in his studies ; the progress of the 
arts and sciences. 
Growth is progress; and all progress designs and tends 
to the acquisition of something which the growing person 
Is not yet possessed of. South, Sermons, III. vl. 
How swift and strange a progress the Gospel made at 
and after its first setting out from Jerusalem ! 
Bp. Atterkury, Sermons, I. 111. 
Physiologically as well as morphologically, development 
is a progress from the general to the special. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. SO. 
A new stage of intellectual progrett began with the Au- 
gustan age, as it did with our own Elizabethan era. 
Maine, Village Communities, p. 380. 
Progress Of titles. In Scots lair, such a serieaof title-deeds 
as constitute a valid feudal title to heritable property. 
State Of progress [tr. of Gr. irponoirijl, a state which the 
Stoical and other philosophies claim to confer of becom- 
. . ,j , -jtree in expressing the idea of a forward 
movement, literally or figuratively. Proficiency applies only 
to a person ; the rest to a person or thi ng. Progress is a 1 ively 
word for continued improvement In any respect, or It may 
mean simply a course, whether good orevll:as,"TheRake's 
1'rogress (Hogarth). Progression is less common and not 
general ; it emphasizes the act of moving. Progress and 
advance are high words for the promotion of human know- 
ledge, character, and general welfare. Advancement Is es- 
sentially synonymous with advance, but is not so general ; 
the word applies chiefly to things mental: as, "The Ad- 
vancement of Learning "(Bacon); but we speak also of the 
advancement of human welfare : here the word suggests 
the help given by men, viewing It as external, and thus Is 
essentially synonymous with promotion. Advance and 
progress seem figurative when not physical. Proficiency 
Is tin- state resulting from having made progress in ac- 
quiring either knowledge or skill : as, proficiency in Latin 
or in music. 
Human progresf Is gradual, by slow degrees, evil by de- 
grees yielding to good, the spiritual succeeding the natu- 
ral by almost imperceptible processes of amelioration. 
0. B. Frothingham, George Klpley, p. 188. 
This mode of progression requires some muscular exer- 
tion. The Century, XXVI. 925. 
It Is only by perpetual aspiration after what has been 
hitherto beyond our reach that adrance is made. 
//. Spencer, Social Statics, p. 506. 
Tom had always possessed the honesty and fearless can- 
dor that belonged to his Idea of a gentleman, and had 
never thought of questioning his father's proficiency In the 
same virtues. /. Hawthorne, Dust, p. 187. 
progress (pro-gros', formerly prog'res), r. [= 
; < L. progresses, pp. of progredi, 
progressist 
II. trans. If. To pass over or through; make 
the tour or circuit of. 
80, when my soul had progressed ev'ry place 
That love and dear affection could contrive, 
I threw me on my couch. Quartet, Emblems, IT. IS. 
2. To cause to advance or pass; push forward. 
The heavier portion [of ore] Is progressed across the ta- 
ble, and passed into an ore bin. I'r- Diet., II. 131. 
Urging that the bills ... be progressed as rapidly as 
possible. Kew York Tribune, March 7, 1887. 
progression (pro-gresh'on), H. [= F. progres- 
sion = Sp. progresion = Pg. progressao = It. 
jtrogressione, < L. progressio(n-), a going for- 
ward, advancement, < progredi, pp. ]>rogregus, 
go forward : see progress, n.] 1 . The act or state 
of progressing, advancing, or moving forward ; 
a proceeding in a course ; advance : as, a slow 
method of progression. 
The experimental sciences are generally In a state of 
progression. Macaulay, History. 
Nature's great progression, from the formless to the form- 
edfrom the Inorganic to the organic. 
Huxley, Man's Place In Nature, p. 128. 
There Is a progression I cannot call It a progress In 
his work toward a more and more strictly prosaic level. 
Jt. I.. Stevenson, Thoreau, iii. 
2. Lapse or process of time ; course ; passage. 
Erclyn. (Imp. Diet.) 3. In math., a series of 
quantities of which every one intermediate be- 
tween the first and the last is a mean of some 
constant kind between those which immediate- 
ly precede and follow it. Arithmetical, geometrical, 
harmonic, arlthmetico-geometrical, and quadratic pro- 
gressions are progressions depending on means so named. 
4. Inphilol., the increase or strengthening of 
a vowel under the accent. [Kare.] 6. InJiiM- 
sic : (a) The act, process, or result of advancing 
from one tone to another (of a particular voice- 
part), or from one chord to another (of the 
harmony in general); motion. 1'rogression in 
either of these senses may be regular or irreg- 
ular, correct or false. See motion, 14. (6) Same 
as sequence. 
To read chords and progressions of chords by means of 
letters is somewhat fatiguing. 
The Academy, Sept. 29, 1888, p. 213. 
Arithmetical.conJ unct, diatonic, harmonic progres- 
sion. See the adjectives. Geometrical progression, 
a series of numlters each derived from the preceding by 
multiplication by a constant factor, as 2, 6, 18, 54, 162, etc. 
Musical progression. Same as harmonic progression. 
Progression of parts. In music, usually the progres- 
sion of two or more voice-parts relatively to each other. 
See motion. Progression with 11 ratios, a series of 
quantities whose ratios (of each to the preceding) pass 
through a cycle of n values, as 2, 1, 3, 1}, 4J, 2J, 6|, etc 
= 8yn. 1. Advancement, etc. See progress, n, 
progressional (pro-gresh'ou-al), . [< progres- 
sion + -n/.] Pertaining to progression, ad- 
vance, or improvement. 
To tell him . . . that there Is no further state to come, 
unto which tills seemes progrrssinnal, and otherwise made 
in vain. Sir T. Browne, Urn-burial, iv. 
The "Inventive powers of the human mind" powers 
... r . __ , ,_*__,. i . ... 
and 
My Penthea, miserable soul, 
Was starved to death. 
I'll She ' happy ; she hath finish 'd 
A long and painful progress. Ford, Broken Heart, v. 2. 
In summer they leave them, beginning their proyresse 
In Aprill, with their wives, children, and slaves, in tin ir 
carted houses. Capt. John Smith, True Travels, I. 86. 
Specifically 3. A journey or circuit of state: 
as, a royal progn-xn. 
It was now the seventh year of Queen Elizabeth, when, 
making a I'royrtm, she went to see Cambridge. 
Baker, Chronicles, p. 333. 
is in part from the . _. 
move forward or onward in space; proceed; 
pass; go. 
Let me wipe off this honourable dew 
That silverly doth progress on thy cheeks. 
SAo*.,K. John, v. 2. 46. 
Although the popular blast . . . 
Hath rear'd thy name up to bestride a cloud, 
Or progress in the chariot of the sun. 
Ford, Broken Heart, 111. 2. 
We travel sea and soil, we pry, we prowl, 
We progress and we prog from pole to pole. 
Quartet, Emblems, IL 2. 
Thou may 'st to Court, and Progrett to and fro ; 
Oh, that thy captlv'd Master could do so. 
Uoirell, Letters, I. vl. 60. 
Like the hare, If the fore leg Is Injured, deer cannot pro- 
grrss. The Century, XXXVI. 810. 
2. To continue onward in course; proceed or 
advance. 
After the war had prngretted for some time. 
Marshall, Washington. 
As the great ship progresses towards completion. 
Timet (London), April SO, 1867. 
3. To move toward something better; advance 
on the line of development or improvement. 
From the lowest to the highest creatures, Intelligence 
progresses by acts of discrimination ; and It continue* so 
to progress among men, from the most ignorant to the 
most cultured. H . Spencer, Mali vs. State, p. 5. 
The growth of the concept progresses step by step with 
tin 1 extension of the name to new objects. 
./. Xully, Outlines of PsychoL, p. 346. 
4. Specifically, in music, of a voice-part, to ad- 
vance from one tone to another, or, of the har- 
mony in general, from one chord to another. 
= 8yn, 1-3. To go or get on, ahead, forward, or along; 
make haste. 3. To make headway. 
progressionist (pro-gresh'on-ist), n. [< pro- 
gression + -ist.] 1.' One who believes in or ad- 
vocates progress in society or politics. 
The enforced opening of the country [Korea] . . . had 
given rise to two new, all-embracing and all-engrossing, 
antagonistic parties. These two parties were named by 
the Japanese the progrcmimistf and the sccluslonists. 
The Atlantic, I. VIII. 603. 
2. One who maintains the doctrine that society 
is in a state of progress toward perfection, and 
that it will ultimately attain it. [Bare.] 3. 
One who holds that the existing species of 
animals and plants were not originally created, 
but were gradually developed from one simple 
form. 
Were the geological record complete, or did It, as both 
I'niformitarlans and Progressionists have habitually as- 
sumed, give us traces of the earliest organic forms, the 
evidence hence derived, for or against, would have had 
more weight than any other evidence. 
//. Spencer, 1'rln. of Blol., { 140. 
progressist (prog'res-ist), . [= Sp. ;><//<- 
xititit = It. jirngressisln ; its iirtigrrim T -ix/.] 
One who holds to a belief in progress ; a pro- 
gressionist. 
The most plausible objection raised against resistance 
to conventions is grounded on lt ini|Hitir.v, considered 
even from the progressist's point of view. 
//. Spencer, Universal Progress, p. 98. 
Specifically leap.]- (a) In mod. Span. hist., a in. niln'i of 
n political party holding advanced libcrul views. Tin 
Progressists and Modcrados were the two parties Intn 
which the chrlstlnus (adherents of tin ninum cent Chris- 
tina) separated about 1835. (() A member of alii" nil ]>lii 
leal party In German) (Kt>rtsrliritti>|>artri). formed in i-'il. 
i- Mm it no tenwi, a fow years later, the National Liium! 
party. The mnnant in 1--I united ltli 'In- liberal 
1 ni.'.n to form the German Liberal party (Dcutsch-Krelsln- 
nlge). 
