prophyllum 
prophyllum (prd-fll'um), /.. [< Gr. vp6, before, 
+ jiiMov. leaf.] A primary leaf; one of the first 
leaves of a branch or axis, 
propicet, a. [Also /tropic; < OF. proince, < L. 
propittitf, propitious: see propitious.] Proni- 
tious. 
Of that mater . . . I wyll tralcto more amply In a place 
more propue for that purpose, 
Sir T. Elyot, The Oovernour, II. 7. 
[The wind) veered to the South and South South West 
o apt and propice for our journey. 
Kxped. in Scotland (Arber'e Eng. Garner, I. 115). 
This place [where the Cherubim were In the Tabernacle I 
was called the I-ropitiatory, because In that place the 
Lord Ood did manifest him selfe morepropiw and ncere 
(Juem.ro,, Letters (tr. by Hellowea, 1577^ p. 852. 
propination (prop-i-na'ihon), . [= OP. pro- 
lini'itioii, absorption, = P'g. propinactto, < L 
propinatio(n-), a drinking to one's health, < pro- 
ptiMre, pp. propinatiis, drink to one's health: 
MjMWftM.] The act of drinking with another 
or together, in fellowship; the act of drinking 
a pledge or a health. 
This propitiation was carried about towards the right- 
hand, where the nuperiour quality of some of the guests 
did not oblige them to alter that method. 
Abp. Potter, Antiq. of Greece, Iv. 20. 
propine (pro-pin'), v. t. ; pret. and pp. propiaed, 
ppr. propining. [< OF. propiner = Sp. Pg. pro- 
piiwr = It. propinare, < L. propinare, drink to 
one s health, give one to drink, give to eat, give, 
present, offer, furnish, < Gr. irpovivetv, drink be- 
fore another or to his health, < vpA, before + 
irivuv, , drink: see potation.] 1. To pledge in 
drinking; drink to; wish for in behalf of some 
one while drinking to him. 
The lovely sorceress mixed, and to the prince 
Health, Joy, and peace propined. 
C. Smart, The Hop-Garden. 
2f. To present; offer; guarantee 
4779 
propiolic (pro-pi-ol'ik), a. [< propi(onie) + -ol 
r -if.] Acting an acid derived from a mo- 
no valent radical CsHg.-propioUe add, the abbre- 
lated commercial name for ortho-nltrophenyl-pronlolic 
f~ V"i? J he C<>a i- tar dcri "ties, hid, although **. 
in Itself, may be converted in calico-printing into In- 
digo blue on the nber. It is a very cW approach both 
chemically and physically to natural indigo. E its appli 
cation borax Is used as a solvent, xanthate of sods ai a 
reducing agent, and starch as a thickening. 
propionate (pro'pi-o-nat), .,. [< propionic + 
-awi.J In diem., a compound of propionic acid 
and a base. See propionic. 
propionic (pro-pi-on'ik), a. [< Gr. frflc.(ror). first, 
t "SSL?* t '**} Notin an * c * d <C 8 H 6 Oo), 
third substance in the monatomic fatty 
propitiousness 
crashed heart ; but at the aune time the terms in which 
lpuU!d ' mtld oniel " ne ' 
i.r~*-- , a colorless liquid, with a nun 
gent odor like that of acetic acid, found in ix.-rspiraUmi, 
the Juices of the stomach, the blossoms of milfoil, etc 
a monobasic, forming salu called propionatet, which 
have a fatty feel, whence the name. 
iropiset, . See propice. 
?ropithecus (pro-pi-the'kus), n. [NL. (Ben- 
nett, 1832), < Gr. *p&, before, + wMmf, an ape: 
see / it/teats.] A genus of lemuroid animals of 
Madagascar, of the family Lemurida and sub- 
family OUrubuB, established upon the Fropi- 
theeiin ditidema, the diadem-lemur, 
propitiable (pro-pish'i-a-bl), a. 
peased, < propitiare, appease: see^propUiate^ 
Capable of being propitiated ; that may be made 
propitious. 
It could nerer enter Into my mind that he [God] was 
either Irritable or propitiable by the omitting or perform. 
Ing of any mean and Insignificant services 
Dr. H. More.Gea. fnt. to 1'hllos. Writings, p. x. 
propitiate (pro-pish'i-at), r.; pret. and pp. pro- 
pitia ted, ppr. propitia ting. [ < L. propi tia tun, pp. 
of propitiare ( > It. propi:iare = Pg. 8p. propiciitr 
P. propitier), appease, < propitiwt, favorable, 
W. Tnonaan, In Aids to Faith, Essay vllL, Int. 
i W / J22ii h V e ".S* our P rivll <* (> . I 'hlnk, when our 
mind recoils from the tremendous difficulty of nrovitia 
ti'-n Itst-lf, to carry the whole matter up above the ranges 
C time, and look on him who stand) (here "In the midit 
datt, oVl'he'w" Id"' 1 " 1 be<ai * U "' b **"' '""" tbe ' UU - 
If. BuihneU, Forgiveness and Law, I. 4. 
In the great tragic poet ^achylus Is t striking Instance 
iT""" j th j enle of " "Ration or atontmtnt for 
i j <-'hrus of mourning women, bewailing the 
untimely end of Agamemnon, exclaim, ' What atonement 
IMn for blood that has fallen on the ground? All 
rivers moving In one channel would How In vain to 
purify murder. J. P. Thamp*m, Theology of Christ, v. 
on expresses the relation which the work of 
t nrlst sustains to the demands of God's law and Justice. 
A. A, Hodge, Outlines of Theology, xxlL i. 
propitiator (pro-pish'i-a-tor), w. [< F.propiti- 
atevr = Hp. Pg. propitiator = It. 
.. propitiator, a peacemaker, < L. propitiare, 
pp. propitia tun, appease: see propitiate.] One 
who propitiates. Johnson. 
propitiatorily (pro-pish'i-a-to-ri-li), adv. f< 
propitiatory + -/y2.] B y way of propitiation. 
propitiatory (prO-pish'i-a-to-ri), . and n. [= 
r . propitiatoire = Sp. Pg. propiciatorio = It. 
propi-iatorio, < LL.propitiatoriuts, atoning, rec- 
onciling, < L. propiliatus, pp. of propitiare, ap- 
pease : see propitiate.] I. a. Having the power 
to make propitious; effecting or intended to ef- 
fect propitiation: as, & propitiatory sacrifice. 
Christ's sacrifice on the cross was the only perfect and 
.11 .umck-nt .propitiatory sacrifice "for the sins of the 
rid. J. Bradford, Works (Parker 8oc., 1853), II. 285. 
It [the doctrine of Jesus Christ] propina to us the no- 
blest, the highest, and the bravest pleasures of the world 
Jer. Taylor, Moral Demonstration of the Christian Reli- 
[glon (1060). 
The priests of a neighbouring convent, in expectation of 
the ample donation, or soul-scat, which Cedric had uro- 
pmed, attended upon the [funeral] car. 
Scott, Ivanhoe, xxxil. 
Unless we would propine both ourselves and our cause 
unto open and Just derision. 
Fotherby, Atheomastlx, p. 11. (Latham.) 
propinet (pro-pin'), . [< OF. propine, drink- 
money, present ; from the verb: see propine, t'.] 
1. Money given as drink-money, or any gift, 
favor, or loving pledge. 
For no rewarde. gyft, nor propyiu, 
I liulf none of thir twois causis tyne 
Louder, Dewtie of Kyngis (E. E. T. 8.), I. 499. 
And a' that he gied me to my propine 
Was a pair of green gloves and a gay gold ring. 
BothuitU (Child's Ballads, I. 160). 
There was never sic a braw propine as this sent to a 
Scott, Abbot, xxvil. 
2. The power of giving. 
And if I were thine, and in thy propine 
what wad ye do to me? 
Lady Anne (Child's Ballads, II. 264X 
propinquate (pro-ping'kwat), v. i. ; pret. and 
pp. propinquated, ppr. propitiquating. [< L. 
propinqitatus, pp. of propinquare, bring near, 
hasten, < propinqiius, near: see propinquity. 
Ct. appropinqitf.] To approach ; be near. Imp. 
Diet. 
propinque (pro-pingk'), a. [= Sp. propincuo = 
Pg. It.propinquo, <L. propinquus, near, < prope, 
near.] Near; contiguous. Swan, Speculum 
Mundi, p. 81. (Latham.) 
propinquity (pro-ping'kwi-ti), n. [< ME. pro- 
viyiUtte, < OF. propinquite = Sp. propincui- 
well-d 
pease 
conciliate. 
-. *.*..., y, upfrvnkcrc, N j/t i>iriiiufi, lavuraoio, 
lisposed : see propitious.} I. trans. To ap- 
and render favorable ; make propitious ; 
late. 
Let fierce Achilles, dreadful In his rage 
The god propitiate and the peat asawage. 
.. hen the predominance of the chief has become so de- 
cided that he Is feared, he begins to receive pr'viti 
present*. a. Spencer, Prin. of SocioL, | 
H.t 
. . - 
dad = Pg. propinquidade = It. propinquita, < 
L. propinquita(t-)y, vicinity, nearness, < pro- 
ntius, near: see propinquate.] 1. Nearness 
. ace; neighborhood. 
It was delightful to see ... his pure joy in her pro- 
puiquit;/; he asked nothing, sought nothing, save to be 
near the beloved object. Uatcthorne, Marble Faun, Ix. 
2. Nearness in time. 
Thereby was declared the propinquity of their desola- 
tions, and that the ir tranquillity as of no longer duration 
than those soon decaying fruits of summer. SirT. Bruicne. 
3. Nearness of blood ; kindred. 
Here I disclaim all my paternal care, 
i'ropiiujuity, and property of blood. 
SAo*., Lear, L 1. 110. 
They may love other individuals far better than their 
mUrrn . . . hut yet. in view of death, the strong preju- 
dlceof DnptjtnOf , wives. ,) |,,,,, t .ls the testator to send 
T" 'Vi';' :l ," : , i ',' '!!'' ! im ' imirkt '' 1 out '> CU8tuni " "- 
memonal that it looks like nature. 
Uaathorne, Seven Gables, i. 
He [Frederic William] could always be propitiated by a 
present of a grenadier of six feet four or six feet five. 
Macaulay, Frederic the Great. 
II. intrant. To make propitiation or atone- 
ment. 
propitiation (pro-pish-i-a'shon), H. [< F. pro- 
pitiation = Sp. propiciacion = Pg. propifwrcto 
= lt.propifiatiOM, < LL. propitiatio(n-), an ap- 
peasing, an atonement, < L,. propitiare, pp. pro- 
pitiatus, appease: see propitiate.] 1. The act 
of propitiating; the act of making propitious. 
2 That which propitiates or appeases; that 
which furnishes a reason for not executing a 
punishment iustly due for wrong-doing; specifi- 
cally, in the New Testament, Christ himself, be- 
cause his life and death furnish a ground for 
the forgiveness of sins. 
And he Is the propitiation for onr sins ; and not for ours 
only, but also for the sins of the whole world. 
1 John IL 2. 
=8n. Atonement Re conciliation, Propitiation, Expiation, 
katu}actu>n. By derivation and by Biblical usage ataM- 
ment and reconciliation are essentially the same : two that 
were alienated arc made at one, or put back Into friend- 
ship. Atonement, however, Is not now applied to the re- 
lation of man to man, except in IU extra-Biblical exten- 
sion, by which it means also the making of full and satis 
factory amends (natix/action) or the enduring of proper pcn- 
alties (exjnatton) for a great wrong : as, there could be no 
atonement for such an outrage. As applied to the relations 
'I Ood and man, atonement has been lifted Into much 
greater dignity than any other word In the list it Is now 
the august, chosen, and only endeared word for the effect 
of the life and especially of the death of Christ In eftab- 
llshing right relations between God and man ; reconcile 
and reconciliation are the principal words for this In the 
Testament, atonement being used only once, and 
atone not at all. Propitiation is the only one of these 
words having exclusive reference to the feelings or pur- 
poses of the person or being offended ; it is a severe word 
implying slowness to relent, and Is, In regard to the aU 
titude of Ood toward man, chiefly a theological term 
itatvm regards the guilt of the offense ; It Is the suf- 
ferlng of the penalty proper for an act (as, to make ex- 
piatiun for one's crime upon the scaffold), or of an ade- 
barely Biblical (Num. xjxv. 33, margin, ai'i'd'revi'sed 'ver* 
sionX although the fact Is by the mass of Christians be- 
o lie In some form In the sufferings of Christ 
Aatu/aetiiin m this connection means adequate amends 
as, Mttt/otfcon for an insult or for damage ; the word has 
been taken by a school in theology to express the suffi- 
ciency of the sufferings of Christ to meet the demands of 
the retributive justice of God. 
The atonanent has for iU object to restore that relation 
' """ '" "- hlch sin had disturbed, and to reconcile 
But nowe hath God declared Chrlste to be unto all peo- 
ple the \etypropitiatory, mercle table, and sacrifice. 
J. L'daU, On Bom. III. 
They [Joseph and Mary), like the two chcrublms about 
the propitiatory, took the Child between them. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1836), I. 78. 
2. A propitiation. 
God hath set forth Christ to be the propitiatory In his 
Locke , On Rom. lit 26. 
propitious (pro-pish 'us), a. [= OF. propice 
F > Anfl H. ik-sivti*m\ Q T _._ 4. * 
r, J " l ^/ v*ij;iii iiiiHnowjj 
borne conjecture it to have been orig. a term in 
augury with ref. to the flying of birds, < L. pro, 
forward, + petcre, seek, orig. fly (see petition) ; 
according to another view, < L. prope, near.] 
1. I avorably disposed ; ready to grant a favor 
or indulgence ; kind ; disposed to be gracious or 
merciful ; ready to forgive and bestow favors. 
My Maker, \tepropiliout while I speak : 
Milton, P. L.', vlll. 380. 
Would but thy sister Marcla be propitiota 
J thy friend's vows. Addtton, Cato, I. 2. 
As propitiota Heav'n might snd 
What once I valu'd and could boast, a friend. 
Covrper, Retirement, L S77. 
2. Affording favorable conditions or circum- 
stances; favorable: as, a propitious season. 
That diet which is most propitiout to one U often per- 
niclous to another. Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 2S4. 
rihnann, Slnlessness of Jesus (trans.), IV. ii. f 2. 
The doctrine of Krr,inciliati,>n has not escaped the fate 
..f ..ther ( hristlan truths ; it has done and is doing its 
work in converting the world, and consoling many a 
No time could be more prupitiuut than the present. 
D. Webtter, Speech, June 17, 1828. 
= Syn. t Gracious, benign. a. Awyieioiu. Propitiota. 
pnmnsing. A\upu-imu cannot be safely used in any mean- 
ing beyond that of giving omen or Indication of success 
an atuptaoui event Is one that seems an omen of pro*. 
perity for that which follows. Atupicwu, could bi ap- 
plied to a person only by a highly figurative use of the 
S?S ,] h !r earller tendency to use the word outside of 
the limits here indicated is not now sanctioned by good 
usage. Propitiota applies primarily to persons, but may 
be freely extended by figure to things. Propitimu goes 
iwyond atupmous in representing a benign disposition 
hel Iualiner ' leadi "8 " e to expect a kind reception and 
Atitpiciout omens from the past and present cheer us 
for the future. Sumner, Oratlon^ I. 109. 
And now t'asswage the force of this new flame 
And make thee more prvpitioui in my need, 
I meant- to sing the praises of thy name. 
Speraer, Hynme in Honour of Love, L 9. 
Sure some propitiota planet then did smile, 
" hen first you were conducted (o this isle. 
Itryden, To Sir Godfrey Kneller, L 133. 
propitiously (pro-pish'us-li), adv. In a propi- 
tious manner; favorably; kindly, 
propitiousness (pro-pisfrus-nes), H. The state 
"i- < -harm-NT of being propitious, in any sense 
of that word. 
