prosit 
prosit (pro'sit). [L., 3d pcrs. sing. pres. snbj. 
of /i/W' ->< iind. (ires. 1-t |iers. prafwm, 3d pern. 
prodest), be of use or advantage, do good, < 
\<r, for, + exse, be.] Good luck to you : a salu- 
taliouused in drinking healths and otherwise 
among Germans and Scandinavians, especially 
among university students. 
There wore students from different I'nlversitlea. . . . 
There was Jesting, singing, . . . tome questioning, some 
answering, . . . promt ! luck be with you I Adieu ! 
C. O. Ltland, tr. of Heine's Pictures of Travel, The Harti 
(Journey. 
proslambanomenos (pros-lam-ba-nom'e-nos), 
. [< <ir. -imn/ttn,iav&iuvof (sc. Tovof ), < irpoov'.a//- 
.idvtiv, take or receive besides, add, < vp6f, be- 
fore, + '/auJAvtii', take.] In By:antine music, the 
lowest tone of the recognized system of tones: 
so called because it was added below the lowest 
tetrachord. Its pitch is supposed to have corre- 
sponded to that of the second A below middle C. 
pro-slavery (pro-sla'ver-i), a. [< L. pro, for, + 
E. alarery.] In U. S. hist., favoring the princi- 
ples and continuance of the institution of sla- 
very, or opposed to national interference there- 
with: as, a pro-slavery Whig; pro-slavery reso- 
lutions. 
The majority In the .Senate was not merely Democratic, 
of the Lecompton or extreme pro-Slavery caste ; It was es- 
pecially hostile to Senator Douglas. 
//. Oreeiey, Amer. Conflict) I. 306. 
proslepsis (pros-lep'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. vpfa- 
>ip|c, an assumption, < TrpocAapflaveiv, take be- 
sides, assume besides, < n/x5c, before, + Aa/ifid- 
vtiv, Xo/?fiv, take, assume (~> /.vVr, an assump- 
tion).] In Stoic philott., a premise, the minor 
premise of a modus ponens or tollens. 
prosnet, [<OV.prosne, prone, "the publica- 
tion made or notice given by a priest unto his 
parishioners (when service is almost ended) of 
the holy days and fasting days of the week 
following, of goods lost or strayed," etc. (Cot- 
grave).] A homily. 
I will conclude this point with a saying, not out of Cal- 
vin or heza, who may bethought partial, but out of Aprosiie 
or homily made . . . two hundred years ago. 
Bp. HarJcet, Abp. Williams, li. 56. (Dana.) 
prosneusis (pros-nu'sis), i. [NL., < Gr. irpoa- 
I'tvoif, a tendency, direction of a falling body, 
< irpoavci'ttv, incline toward, nod to, < rnof, be- 
fore, + vevctv (= L. ntterr), nod, incline () vrixjir, 
inclination).] The position-angle of the part 
of the moon first eclipsed. 
prosobranch (pros'o-brangk), a. and . Same 
as prosobranchiate. 
Prosobranchiata (pros-o-brang-ki-a'ta), n. pi. 
[NL. : see prosobranchiate.] An order or sub- 
class of gastropods, having the gills anterior to 
the heart, generally breathing water, more or 
less completely inclosed in a univalve shell, and 
sexually distinct: opposed to Opisthobranchiata. 
prosobranchiate (pros-o-brang'ki-at), a. and n. 
[< NL. prosobraneniatHs, < Gr. rrp6au, later Attic 
also jrdp/xj (= L. porro), forward, further, fur- 
ther on, in advance, + (lpa)x la < gills: see brtin- 
cliiate.] I. a. Having the gills in front of the 
heart, as a gastropod ; of or pertaining to the 
1'rosobranchiata. 
H. n. A member of the Prosobranchiata. 
prosobranchism (pros'9-brang-kizm), n. [< 
prosobrnnch + -ism.] Disposition of the gills 
of a gastropod before the heart ; the character 
of a prosobranchiate. 
prosodal (pros'6-dal), a. [< prosodus + -al.] 
Ineurrent or adital, as an opening in a sponge; 
of the nature of or pertaining to a prosodus. 
prosodiac 1 (pro-so'ui-ak), . [< LL. prosodia- 
cus,<. Gr. flYiooyd/aKof, pertaining to accentua- 
tion, < irpoavdio, accentuation: see prosody.] 
Hame as prosodic. 
prosodiac'-' (pro-so'di-ak), a. and n. [< proso- 
dion + -<zc.] I. a. Used in prosodia (seeproso- 
dion); hence, constituting or pertaining to a 
variety of anapestic verse, named from its use 
in prosodia. See II. 
II. 11. In anc. pros., an anapestic tripody 
with admission of an (anapestic) spondee or 
an iambus in the first place. Hyporchematlc 
prosodiac. See hypmhrmatie. 
prosodial 1 (pro-so'di-al), a. [< L. prosodia, ac- 
centuation (sec prosody), + -al.] Same as pro- 
Chapleted youths singing the praise of Pallas In pram- 
'i<'ii hymns. J. A. Symmdt, Italy and Greece, p. 216. 
prOBOdial'-'fpro-so'di-alKo. S:iiiiea*//ri'i</mr-. 
prosodian (pro-so'di-'nn), n. [< L. prosodia, 
accentuation (see protoay), + -an.] One who 
is skilled in prosody, or in the rules of metrical 
composition. 
4788 
Some have been to bad prmmtian* at from thence to 
derive the 1-atlne word malnin, because that fruit (appli ] 
was the first occasion of evil. 
Sir T. Browne, Vnlg. Err., vll. 1. 
Each writer still claiming In more or lets Indirect meth- 
ods to be the first vrofodian among us. 
S. Lanirr, Science of English Verse, p. vlll. 
prosodic (pro-sod'ik), a. [= F. prosodique = 
8p. prosoaico = Pg. prosodico, < Gr. irpoa^>itK6f, 
pertaining to accentuation, < jrpoo-^rfm, accen- 
tuation : see prosody.] Pertaining to prosody, 
or to quantity and versification. 
The normal Instrumental ending a, preserved for pro- 
todic reasons. Encyc. Brit., XXI. 270. 
prosodical (pro-sod'i-kal), a. [(prosodic + -al.] 
Same as prosodic. 
prosodically (pro-sod'i-kal-i), adc. As regards 
prosody. 
prosodiencephal (pros-o-di-en-sef 'al), n. [< Gr. 
irpfau, forward, + NL. diencephalon, q. v.] The 
prosencephalon and the diencephalon taken 
together. 
prosodiencephalic (pros-o-di'en-se-fal'ik or 
-sef 'a-lik), a. [< prosodiencephal + -ic.] Per- 
taining to the prosodiencephal. 
prosodion (pro-so'di-on), n.; pi. prosodia (-a). 
[< Gr. irpoa&Sutv, neut. of irpoaotiux;, belonging to 
processions, processional, < vp6ao6of, a proces- 
sion, < xpoffaom, + orlof, way, expedition.] In 
flue. Gr.lit., a song or hymn sung by a procession 
approaching a temple or altar before a sacrifice. 
prosodist (pros'o-dist), n. [< prosod-y + -ist.] 
One who understands prosody; a prosodian. 
The exact profodvtt will find the line of swiftness by one 
time longer than that of tardiness. Johnson, Pope. 
Branch of Mesquit ( Prosofit jtiliflora}, with 
l-'lowers and Leaves, a, a flower; A, apod. 
incurrent opening or passageway in a sponge; 
an aditus. Encyc. Brit., XXII. 415. 
prosody (pros'o-di), n. [= F. prosodie = Sp. 
Pg. It. prosodia, < L. prosodia, < Gr. irpoai^'io, a 
song with aceompaniment,modulat ion of voice, 
especially tone or accentuation, mark of pro- 
nunciation, < -/{, to, + v*'i7, a song: see ode.] 
The science of the quantity of syllables and of 
pronunciation as affecting versification; in a 
wider sense, metrics, or the elements of metrics, 
considered as a part of grammar (see metrics 2 ,?). 
(The modern sense of protody (promdta) seems to have 
originated from the fact that the marks of quantity were 
among the ten signs called 
Prosody and orthography are not part* of grammar, but 
diffused like the blood and spirits through the whole. 
/.'. ./onion, English Urammar, i. 
prosogaster (pros-o-gas'ter), n. [NL., < Gr. 
7r/>6au, forward, + yaorljp, stomach.] An an- 
terior section of the peptogaster, extending 
from the pharynx to the pylorus, and including 
the esophagus or gullet, with the stomach in 
all its subdivisions, from the cardiac to the 
pyloric orifice the fore-gut of some writers. 
prosognathous (pro-sog'na-thus), a. Same an 
proi/nathic. 
prosoma (pro-so'ma), . [NL., < Gr. Y>O, be- 
fore, + au/ja, body.] 1. The anterior or cephal- 
ic section of the body of a cephalopod, bearing 
the rays or arms ; the head or anterior part of 
any mollusk, in advance of the mesosoma. 
2. In dimyarian lamellibranchs, a region of 
the body in which is the anterior adductor 
muscle, and which is situated in front of the 
mouth: it is succeeded by the mesosoma. 
3. In Cirripedia, the wide part of the body, 
preceding the thoracic segments: in the bar- 
nacle, for example, that part which is situated 
immediately behind the point of attachment of 
the body to the shell on the rostral side. Dar- 
trin. See cuts under Balanus and tepadidie. 
prosomal (pro-so'inal), a. [< prosoma + -al.] 
Same as prosomatic. 
prosomatic (pro-so-mat'ik), a. [< prosoma 
(-#omat-) + -ic.] Anterior, as a part of the 
body; pertaining to the prosoma. 
prosome (pro'som), 11. [<NL. prosoma.] Same 
prosonomasia (pros-on-6-ma'ii-tt), n. [< Gr. 
vpiiaovouaaia, a naming, < xiMaovo/iaZciv, call by 
a name, < wpdf, to, + bvo/ia^nv, name. < bvofia, 
name.] In rhet., a figure wherein allusion is 
made to the likeness of a sound in two or 
more names or words; a kind of pun. 
A testing frier that wrate against Erasmus called him, by 
resemblance to his own name, Errans mus, and Us] . . . 
maintefned by this figure Protononuuria, or the Nicknamcr. 
l-iiHrnhnni, Arte of Eng. Poesle, p. IR. 
prosopalgia (pros-o-pal'ji-tt), . |NI,., < (fr. 
TTiiAouirov, face, + aA^of, pain.] Facial neural- 
gia. 
prosopopeia 
prosopalgic (pros-o-pal'jik), n. [< prosopalgia 
+ -ic.] I'l'rtaining to or affected with facial 
neuralgia, or tic-douloureux. 
Prosopisfpro-so'pis), n. [NL. (Linnaeus, 1767), 
< (Jr. Ttpnoum'u;, an unidentified plant, < n/i6- 
m.i-in. face.] 1. A genus of leguminous trees 
and shrubs of the suborder Mimosey and tribe 
Adenantheme, characterized by the cylindrical 
spikes, and by the pod, which is nearly cylindri- 
cal, straight or curved or twisted, coriaceous or 
hard and spongy, indehiscent, and commonly 
filled with a pulpy or fleshy substance between 
the seeds. There are about 16 species, scattered through 
tropical and 
subtropical re- 
gions, often 
prickly, thorny, 
or both, bearing 
broad and short 
twice - pinnate 
leaves, and small 
green or yellow 
flowers In axil- 
lary spiket, rare- 
ly shortened 
Into globose 
heads. Each 
flower has a 
bell-shaped ca- 
lyx, five petals 
often united be- 
low, and ten 
separate sta- 
mens, their an- 
thers crowned 
with glands. /'. 
ji'liiim-ir Is the 
mcsqult, also 
called honey- 
pod and honey- 
loaut In the 
southwestern I'nlted States, atthav and July-JImrrr In 
Jamaica, and pncay in Peru : see meMjvff-, alyarroba, 2, 
algarrobilla, honey-metqiiit . and ine*qiiit->rum(underyu m2 ). 
For P. pubetcetu, the tornillaor tornillo, see sere tc-pod me*. 
quit (under metjvti't), and tcrew bean (under beanl). 
2. In sool.: (a) A genus of obtusilingual soli- 
tary bees of the family Andreiiidsp. r'abricius, 
1804. (6) A section or subgenus of Trochatella, 
a genus of Helifinidte. 
prOSOpite (pros'o-pit), n. [< Gr. vpoaim(rinv), a 
mask (< xfMaunov, face), + -iU' 2 .] A hydrous 
fluoride of aluminium and calcium occurring in 
colorless monoclinic crystals in the tin-mines 
of Bohemia, and also found in Colorado. 
Prosopocephala (pro-s6-po-sef'a-16), . ;>/. 
[NL., < Gr. ir/toou-irar, face, + Ke<pa2.r/, head.] 
The tooth-shells, or Dentaliidsf, as an order of 
gastropods: synonymous with ('irribranchiata, 
ScapTtopoda, and Solenocoitchte. See cut under 
tooth-shell. 
prosopography (pros-o-pog'ra-fi), n. [< Gr. 
xfMatjTrav, face, + --)/>a<j>ia, < yptjav, write.] In 
rhet., the description of any one's personal ap- 
pearance. 
First touching the protopoyraphit or description of his 
person. llatinthed, Stephan, an. 1154. 
The reader that Is inquisitive after the protnpngraphy 
of this great man {Mr. Cotton] may be informed that he 
was a clear, fair, sanguine complexion, and, like David, of 
a "ruddy countenance." C. Mather, Mag. Chris., Ill 1. 
prosopolepsyt (pro-so'po-lep-si), n. [< Gr. irpo- 
ouTro/.Tpjiia, respect of persons, < vp6oum>v, face, 
countenance, + %a/tftdvetv, ^/3riv, take.] Re- 
spect of persons; especially, an opinion or a 
prejudice formed merely from a person's ap- 
pearance. [Rare.] 
There can be no reason given why there might not be 
as well other ranks and orders of souls tuperior to those 
of men, without the injustice of pr<nu>pUep*ie. 
Cudvorth, Intellectual System, p. 567. 
prosopology (pros-o-pol'o-ji), n. [< Gr. 
>roi>, face, + -/oj-ia, < "/tyttv, speak: see -ology.] 
Physiognomy. 
Prosoponiscus (pro-so-po-nis'kus), n. [NL. 
(Kirby, 1857), < Gr. irpfauirov, faoe, + bvioitof, 
a wood-louse, dim. of ovof, ass: see Ihtixciis.] 
A genus of supposed amphipod crustaceans, a 
sjx'cies of which, P. problematicus, occurs in 
the Permian of England. 
prosopopeia, prosopopoeia (pro-so-i>o-pe'yft), 
M. [= F. proHo/xi/tri' = Sp. )iritpoprya = Pg. 
prosopopea, pritsopopeia = It. prositpopea, pro- 
Hopopeju, < L. promipoptriii, < (ir. -ixxiuTrimruia, 
personification, a drainntir.ing. < ir/>oouxoiroiriv, 
personify, dramatize-, < irpoauirav, face, person, 
adramatic character, + irwiir, make, form, do.] 
Literally, making (that is, inventing or imagin- 
ing) a person ; in rhet., originally, introduction. 
in a discourse or composition, of a prrtrndfil 
speaker, whether a person absent or deceased, 
or an abstraction or inaniimite object : in mod- 
ern usage generally limited to the latter sen-e, 
and accordingly equivalent In i>ir*<>niti<'<itii>ii. 
