prosper 
I oarer heard of any thing that prospered which, being 
once designed for the Honour of Clod, wan alienated from 
that UK. Unicell, Letters, I. v. 8. 
Well did all things prosper In hl< hand. 
Nor was there such another In the land 
For strength or goodliness. 
William 'Morris. Earthly Paradise, III. 112. 
3t. To increase in size ; grow. 
Black cherry-trees prosper erer to considerable timber. 
Evelyn. 
II. trans. To make prosperous; favor; pro- 
mote the success of. 
Let every one of you lay by him In store as Ood hath 
proipertd him. 1 Cor. xvi. 2. 
We hare so bright and benign a star as your majesty to 
conduct and prosper us. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, II. 106. 
All things concur to prosper our design. Drydm. 
prosperation (pros-pe-ra'shon), n. [< OF. pros- 
peration, < LL. prosperatio(n-), prosperity, < L. 
prosperare, prosper : see prosper.] Prosperity. 
Hallitrett. [Obsolete or provincial.] 
I bethink me of much ill luck turned to prosperation. 
Amelia E. Barr, Friend Olivia, vL 
prosperity (pros-per'j-ti), n. [< ME. prosperi- 
tie, < OF. prosperite, prosprete, F. prosptritt = 
8p. prosperidad = Pg. prosperidade = It. pros- 
perita, <li.prosperita(t-)s, good fortune, < pros- 
per, favorable, fortunate : see prosperous."] The 
state of being prosperous; good fortune in any 
business or enterprise; success in respect of 
anything good or desirable : as, agricultural or 
commercial prosperity ; national prosperity. 
Prosperity doth best discover vice, but adversity doth 
best discover virtue. Bacon, Adversity. 
Prosperity hath the true Nature of an Opiate, for it stu- 
pefies and pleases at the same time. 
Stillinyjket, Sermons, III. xlli. 
He . . . would . . . return 
In such a sunlight of prosperity 
He should not be rejected. 
Tennyson, Aylmer's Field. 
= 8yn. Good fortune, weal, welfare, well-being. See pros- 
perous. 
prosperous (pros'per-us), a. [< ME. *2>rosper- 
ous, < AF. prosperous, prospereus, prosperous, 
an extended form of OF. prospere, F. prospere 
= Sp. Pg. It. prospero, < L. pros]>erus, prosper, 
favorable, fortunate, lit. 'according to one's 
hope,' < pro, for, according to, + s/>es, hope (> 
s)>erare, hope). Cf. despair, desperate.] 1. 
Making good progress in the pursuit of any- 
thing desirable; naving continued good for- 
tune; successful; thriving: as, & prosperous 
trade ; a prosperous voyage ; a prosperous citi- 
zen. 
The seed shall be prosperous; the vine shall give her 
fruit. Zech. vlii. 12. 
Count all the advantage prosperous vice attains ; 
Tig but what virtue flies from and disdains. 
Pope, Essay on Man, iv. 89. 
There the vain youth who made the world his prize, 
That prosperous robber, Alexander, lies. 
Route, tr. of Lucan's Pharsalia, x. 
2. Favorable; benignant; propitious: as, a 
prosperous wind. 
A calmer voyage now 
Will waft me ; and the way, found prosperous once, 
Induces best to hope of like success. 
Milton, f. R., I. 104. 
A favourable speed 
Ruffle thy mlrror'd mast, and lead 
Thro' prosperous floods his holy urn. 
Tennyson, In Memoriam, Ix. 
---Syn. 1. Successful, etc. (nee fortunate), flourishing, well- 
off, well-to-do. 2. Propitious, auspicious. 
prosperously (pros'per-us-li), adv. In a pros- 
perous manner; with success or good fortune. 
Consider that he Hue at his hartes ease prosperously In 
this worlde to his Hues end. 
Bp. Gardiner, True Obedience, To the Reader. 
prosperousness (pros'per-us-nes), n. The state 
of being prosperous; prosperity. 
prosphysis (pros'fi-sis), n. ; p\.prosphyses(-ez). 
[NL., * Gr. Ttp6o&vais, a growing to something, a 
joining, < irpoaflctv, make to grow to, fasten, 
pass. Trpoofi-coOai, grow to or upon, < nyxir, to, + 
fbeiv, cause to grow, pass. fkaOai, grow.] In 
pathol.. adhesion ; a growing together. 
prospicience (pro-spish'ens), n. [< L. progpi- 
cien(t-)g, ppr. of proxpicere, look forward, look 
out : soe prospect.] The act of looking forward. 
prosporangium (pro-spo-ran'ji-um), .; pi. 
nriutporaiujia (-ft). [NL., < L. pro, before, + 
NL. sporani/himjq. v.] A vesicular cell in the 
' 'lii//ri<lu'ip, t lie protoplasm of which passes into 
an outgrowth Of itself, the sporangium, and be- 
comes divided into swarm-spores. l>r ISnn/. 
press 1 (pros), ii. [ Appar. a dial, form of y/'nwc 
in like sense.] Talk ; conversation. Halliinll. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
4790 
pross 2 t (pros), n. [In pi. prosses, as if pi. of 
pross, but appar. orig. sing., same as process: 
see process.] A process or projection, as of or 
on a horn. [Bare.] 
They have onely three speers or prostcs, and the two 
lower turne awry, but the uppermost groweth upright to 
heaven. Topsell's Four-Footed Beasts, p. 327. (liaUimll.) 
Prostanthera (pros-tan-the'ra), n. [NL. (La- 
billardiere, 1806), so called in allusion to the 
spurred anthers; irreg. < Gr. irpoaTiBkvai, add 
(< irpof, to, besides, + rtBlvat, put), + NL. - 
thera, anther.] A genus of shrubs of the order 
LabiaUe, type of the tribe Prostantherese. it la 
characterized ny a two-lipped calyx with the lips entire 
or one minutely notched, and by completely two-celled 
anthers, usually with the back of the connective spurred, 
but the base not prolonged. The 38 species are all Aus- 
tralian. They are resinous, glandular, and powerfully 
odorous shrubs or undershrubs, with usually small leaves, 
and with white or red flowers solitary in the axils, some- 
times forming a terminal raceme. They are known as 
mint-tree, mint-bush, or Australian lilac ; and /'. lasianthos, 
the largest species, sometimes reaching SO feet, is also 
called the Victorian dogwood. 
Prostanthereae(pros-tan-the're-e), n.pl. [NL. 
(Bentham, 1836), < Prostanthera + -ese.} A 
tribe of Australian shrubs of the order Lali- 
"l.'i . It is characterized by a ten- to thlrteen-nerved 
equal or two-lipped calyx, four stamens with two-celled or 
one-celled anthers, a two-lipped corolla with broad throat 
and broad flattish upper lip, an ovary but slightly four- 
lobed, and obovoid reticulated nutlets, fixed by a broad 
lateral scar. It includes about 93 species in 7 genera, of 
which Prostanthera is the type. 
prostata (pros'ta-ta), n.; pi. prostates (-te). 
[NL., < Gr. irpoaraTrif, cue wno stands before : 
see prostate.] The prostatic gland, or prostate: 
chiefly in the phrase lerator prostates, a part of 
the levator am muscle in special relation with 
the prostate. Also prostatica. 
prostatalgia (pros-ta-tal'ji-S), w. [NL., < pros- 
tata, q. v., + dXjof, pain.] Pain, most prop- 
erly neuralgia, in the prostate gland. 
prostate (pros'tat), a. and n. [< Gr. irpoaraTW, 
one who stands before, < irpotaravai, stand be- 
fore, < irp6, before, + lardvat, stand.] I. a. 
Standing before or in front of something ; pros- 
tatic : specifically noting the gland known as 
the prosta te Prostate body or eland. Same as II. 
Prostate concretions, calculi of the prostate gland. 
II. . The prostate gland; a large glandular 
body which embraces the urethra immediately 
in front of the mouth of the bladder, whence 
the name. In man the prostate Is of the size and shape 
of a horse-chestnut, surrounding the flrst section of the 
course of the urethra. It is a pale firm body, placed in 
the pelvis behind and below the symphysis of the pubis, 
posterior to the deep perfneal fascia, and resting upon the 
rectum, through the walls of which It may easily he felt, 
especially when enlarged. It is held in place by the pu- 
boprostatic ligaments, by the posterior layer of deep peri- 
neal fascia, and by a part of the levator ani muscle called 
on this account levator jtrostatx. It measures about 1A 
inches in greatest width, II inches In length, and 1 Inch In 
depth, and weighs about i> drams. It is partially divided 
into a median and two lateral lobes. The prostate is In- 
closed in a firm fibrous capsule, and consists of both mus- 
cular and glandular tissue. The latter Is composed of 
numerous racemose follicles whose ducts unite to form 
from 12 to 20 large excretory ducts, which pour their 
secretion into the prostatic part of the urethra. 
prostatectomy (pros-ta-tek'to-mi), . [< NL. 
l>rostata,q.v.,+ Qr.eKTour/, a cutting out.] Ex- 
cision of more or less of the prostate gland. 
prostatic (pros-tat'ik), a. [< Gr. n-pooraraof, 
pertaining to one who stands before, < ir/mrra- 
rr/f, one who stands before: see prostate.] Of or 
pertaining to the prostate gland: as, the pros- 
tatic fluid, the secretion of this gland ; prostatic 
urethra, the part of the urethra embraced by 
the prostate; prostatic concretions, calculi of 
the prostate. prostatic ducts, twelve to twenty 
short ducts which open upon the floor of the urethra, 
chiefly in the prostatic sinuses. Prostatic plexus. See 
plexus. Prostatic Sinus, a longitudinal groove In the 
floor of the urethra, on either side of the crest, into which 
the prostatic ducts open. Prostatic vesicle, a small cul- 
de-sac, from a quarter to a half of an Inch in its greatest 
diameter, situated at the middle of the highest part of the 
crest of the urethra. It corresponds with the uterus of 
the female. Also called sinus pocularvt, utricle, and uterus 
masculinus. 
prostatica (pros-tat'i-ka), n.; pi. prostaticte 
(-se). [NL.: see prostatic] The prostate gland : 
more fully called glandula prostatica. 
prostatitic (pros-ta-tit'ik), a. [X NL. prostatitit 
+ -ic.] Affected with prostatitis. 
prostatitis (pros-ta-tl'tis), n. [NL., < prostata, 
q. v., 4- -itis.] Inflammation of the prostate. 
prostatocystitis (pros'ta-to-sis-ti'tis), n. [NL., 
< prostata, q. v., -f Gr. ataris, bladder, + -itis. 
Cf. <-i/*ti/i*.\ Inflammation of the prostate and 
the bladder. 
prostatolithus (pros-ta-tol'i-tbus), H. [NL., < 
proxtiitu, (|. v., + Gr. ?.ifloc, stone.] A calculus 
of the prostate gland. 
prostibulous 
prostatorrhoea, prostatorrhea (pros'tf-to-re'- 
a), n. [NL., < prostata, q. v.,+ Gr. /XM'O, a flow, 
<! jtelv, flow.] Excessive or morbid discharge 
from the prostate gland. 
prostatotomy (pros-ta-tot'o-mi), n. [< NL. 
prostata, q. v., + Or. -rouia, < Ttftvetv, ra/iciv, 
cut.] In mi rii.. incision into the prostate. 
prosternal (pro-ster'nal), a. [< prosternum + 
-al.] Of or pertaining to the prosternum ; pro- 
thoracic and sternal or ventral, as a sclerite of 
an insect's thorax Prosternal epimera and epl- 
aterna, the pleurte or side pieces of the prothorax, adjoin- 
ing the prosternum. - PrOBternal groove ( >r canal, a hol- 
low extending between the front cox3 : it is found in many 
Rhynchophora, serving for the reception of the rostrum 
in repose. PrOBtornal lobe, a central prolongation of the 
front of the prosternum, more or less completely conceal- 
ing the month when the head is In repose, as In the Kla- 
teridec and Ilisterida. Prosternal process, a posterior 
process of the prosternum, between the anterior coxa;. 
Prosternal sutures, the impressed lines separating the 
side-pieces from the prosternum. 
prosternationt (pros-ter-na'shon), w. [< F. 
prosternation = Sp. prosternacion = Pg. pros- 
ternaq&o = It. prosternazione, < L. prosternere, 
throw to the ground, overthrow: see prostrate. 
Cf. consternation.] The state of being cast 
down; prostration; depression. 
While we think we are borne aloft, and apprehend no 
hazzard, the falling floor sinks under us, and with it we 
descend to mine. There is a prosternation in assaults un- 
lookt for. Feltham, Resolves, II. 00. 
Fever, watching, and prosternation of spirits. 
Wiseman, Surgery. 
prosternum (pro-ster'num), H. ; pi. prosterna 
(-na). [NL., < L. pro, before, T NL. sternum, 
q.v.] 1. In entom., the ventral or sternal scle- 
rite of the prothorax; the nnder side of the 
prothoracic somite; the middle piece of the 
antepectus. Also preesternum. 2. [c<y>.] A 
genus of coleopterous insects. Also Proster- 
tton Lobed prosternum. See lobed. 
prosthaphaeresist (pros-tha-fer'e-sis), n. [NL., 
< Gr. KpooOaijKiipeoif, previous subtraction, < 
npMev, before, + aijiaiptotf, a taking away : see 
aphcresis.] 1. The reduction to bring the ap- 
parent place of a planet or moving point to tue 
mean place. 2. A method of computing by 
means of a table of natural trigonometrical 
functions, without multiplying. It was invent- 
ed by a pupil of Tycho Brahe, named Wittig, 
but was entirely superseded by logarithms. 
prostheca (pros-the'ka), n. : pi. prostlteca (-se). 
[NL., < Gr. irpoo6t/K7/, an addition, appendage, < 
TrpoemSfva/, put to, add : see prosthesis.] A some- 
what gristly or subcartilagmous process of the 
inner side, near the base, of the mandibles of 
some coleopterous insects, as the rove-beetles 
or Stapliylinidte. 
prosthecal (pros-the'kal), a. [< prostheca + 
-al] Of or pertaining to the prostheca. 
prosthema (pros'the-ma), n. ; pi. prosthemata 
(pros-them'a-ta). [NL., < Gr. irpoaflc/ta, an ad- 
dition, appendage, < TrpoariBfvai, put to, add: see 
prostheca] A nose-leaf ; the leafy appendage 
of the snout of a bat. See cut under Phyllorhina. 
prosthencephalon (pros-then-sef a-lon), n. 
[NL., < Gr. irpootiev, before, in front. + tyitt- 
0Aof, the brain.] A segment of the brain con- 
sisting essentially of the cerebellum and medul- 
la oblongata. Sjiitska. 
prosthenic (pros-then'ik), a. [< Gr. np6, be- 
fore, + atifvoc, strength.] Strong in the fore 
parts ; having the fore parts preponderating in 
strength. 
prosthesis (pros'the-sis), n. [< LL. prosthesis, < 
Gr. irp6a0eai<;, a putting to, an addition, < irpoori- 
Oevat, put to, add, < nyxSf, to,+ riOcvat, put, place : 
see tln*i*.] Addition ; affixion ; appendage. 
Specifically (a) In oram., the addition of one or more 
sounds or letters to a word; especially, such addition at 
the beginning. (6) In anc, prof., a diaemic pause, (r) In 
sura., the addition of an artificial part to supply a defect 
of the body, as a wooden leg, etc. ; also, a flesh-growth fill- 
ing up an ulcer or fistula. Also prothcsis. 
prosthetic (pros-thet'ik), a. [< Gr. rrpAoOcTof, 
added or fitted to, < irpoariSevai, put to, add : 
see prosthesis] Exhibiting or pertaining to 
prosthesis; added; especially, prefixed. 
The prosthetic Initial sound for words beginning with 
vowels Is now (the infant teaming to articulate Is twenty 
months old) zh, or an aspirated y. Pop. Sci. Mo., XIII. f>93. 
Prosthobranchia (pros-tho-brang'ki-it). w. ;>/. 
[NL., < Gr. vpAaOiv, before, 4- ftpayxia, gills.] 
Same as Prosobranrliiata. 
prostibuloust (pros-til/u-lun), a. [< L. prosti- 
linhiiii, i>rn.iiilnila, prosiibilis, a prostitute. < 
prostare, stand forth, stand in a public phirr. 
< pro, forth, before, 4- start; stam! : nee sttibtr. ] 
Pertaining to prostitutes ; hencr. meretricious. 
PnHihulnutr prelates and prieste*. Bp. Bale, Image, III. 
