Pseudoniscus 
Pseudoniscus (su-do-nis'kus), . [NL., < Gr. 
il/evAf/i; false, + NL. Oniscus, q. v.] The typical 
genus of Pxcurtonisciilx. 
pseudonomania (su"don-o-ma'ni-), . [Irreg. 
< Gr. iliei>6fiv (ppr. ipeiiAav), belie, mid. ipevdeaOat, 
lie (see j>aeudo-),+ ftavia, madness.] A morbid 
propensity to lie. 
pseudonucleolus (su"d6-nu-kle'o-lus), n. ; pi. 
pseudonueleoli (-li). [N"L.,'< GtT. , \l>ev3i/f, false, 
+ L. nucleolus, dim. of nucleus, a little nut: see 
nucleolus.] An accessory or supplementary 
nucleus of some ova. 
pseudonychium (su-do-nik'i-um), n. ; pi. pseu- 
donychia (-a). [NL., < Gr. ifievofa, false, + NL. 
onychium, q. v.] In entom., the onychium or 
spurious claw between the true tarsal claws. 
See emporium and onychium, and compare jwo- 
Ill/cllilllll. 
pseudonym (su'do-nim), . [A\so pseudonymc ; 
< F.pseudoitymc, < Gr. tyeviuwfio^ , having a false 
n;i mi', < ifievdi/f, false, + bvv/ta, ovoua, name.] 1 . A 
false name; especially, a fictitious name as- 
sumed by an author in order to conceal or veil 
his identity. 
The [Bronte] sisters adopted the pseudonyms Currer, 
Ellis, and Acton Hell, corresponding to their Initials. 
/.. Stephen, Diet. National Biog., VI. 410. 
2. In nut. ln.-ii.. the vernacular name of a spe- 
cies or other group of animals or plants, as dis- 
tinguished from its tenable technical name: 
thus, robin is the pseudonym of Turdus migrato- 
rius. Cones, The Auk, I. 321 (1884). 
pseudonymal (su-dou'i-mal), a. [< pseudonym 
+ -/.] In zoiil., vernacular; not technical nor 
tenable, as the name of an animal ; not having 
the character of an onym. Coues. 
pseudonymity (su-do-nim'i-ti), . [(pseudonym 
+ -ity.] The state of being pseudonymous, or 
of bearing a false name or signature ; the act 
or practice of writing under an assumed name. 
Contemporary Rev. (Imp. Diet.) 
pseudonymous (su-don'i-mus), a. [< Gr. Vfi'- 
Auvvuof, having a false name: see pseudonym.} 
Bearing a pseudonym, or false name: applied 
to an author who publishes a work under a 
false or feigned name, or to a work thus pub- 
lished. 
In the primitive age of publication, before there existed 
"a reading public," literary productions were often anony- 
mous ; or ... they wore the mask of a fictitious name, 
and were pseudonyinuitx. 
I. D'laradi, Amen, of Lit., II. 340. 
pseudonymously (su-dou'i-mus-li), adv. In a 
pseudonymous manner ; under a pseudonym, or 
fictitious or false name. 
That vlleconcoction of camomile which you sopxeudony- 
moiwrfi/ dignify with the title of " Bitter Ale." 
Barham, lugoldsby Legends, II., 1'ref. 
pseudoparalysis (su'do-pa-rari-sis), . An af- 
fection resembling paralysis, but regarded as 
distinct from ordinary forms Spastic pseudo- 
paralysis. Same as spastic spinal paralysis (which see, 
under paralysis). 
pseudoparaplegia (su-do-par-a-ple'ji-a), n. 
An affection like paraplegia, but regarded as es- 
sentially distinct. Tetanold pseudoparaplegia. 
Same as spastic spinal paralysis (which tee, under paraly- 
sis). 
pseudo-parasite (su-do-par'a-sit), n. An ap- 
parent parasite; a commensal or inquiline; 
also, a plant which attacks vegetable tissues, 
but only when they are dead. 
pseudoparasitic (su-do-par-a-sit'ik), (i. Para- 
sitic apparently but not really; commensal; 
inquiline. 
pseudoparenchyma (su'do-pa-reng'ki-mS), . 
In myi-oL, a tissue resembling parenchyma, 
but of far different origin, being produced from 
united and transformed hyph. 
pseudoparenchymatous (su-do-par-eng-kim'- 
a-tus), . In hot., belonging to or resembling 
pseudoparenchyma. 
pseudoparenchyme (su'do-pa-reng'kim), n. 
Same as pseudoparenchyma. 
pseudoparesis (su-do-par'e-sis), n. An affec- 
tion resembling paresis, but regarded as dis- 
tinct from ordinary forms Spastic pseudopar- 
esis. Same as spastic spinal paralysis (which see, under 
paralysis). 
pseudoparthenogenesis (su - do - par ' the - no - 
jen'e-sis), n. That mode of reproduction which 
is intermediate between metagenesis and par- 
thenogenesis proper. .Spencer, Prin. of Biol., I. 
814. 
pseudo-patron (su-do-pa'tron), . A pretended 
or would-be patron. [Rare.] 
Disturbers of a right of advowson may therefore be these 
three persons the pseudo-patron, his clerk, and the ordi- 
nary. Bloc/atone, Com., III. xvi. 
4817 
pseudopediform (su-do-ped'i-form), a. [< Gr. 
if>ew%, false, + L. pes'(ped-), = E.foot, + for- 
ma, form.] Having the character of a pseudo- 
pod; pseudopodial. 
Body ciliated, . . . without pttudopediform prolonga- 
tions. Arthur Adams, Man. Nat. Hist, p. 370. 
pseudopercular (su-do-per'ku-lar), a. [<pseu- 
dopercul-um + -ar 3 .] False or secondary, as an 
operculum; pertaining to a pseudoperculum. 
pseudoperculate (su-do-per'ku-lat), a. [< 
pseudopercul-um + -ate'.] Provided with a 
pseudoperculum ; having the aperture closed 
by a pseudoperculum. 
pseudoperculum (su-do-per'ku-lum), .; pi. 
pseudopercula (-la). [NL., < Gr. Yfwfa, false, 
+ L. operculum, a lid, cover: see open 1 /*.] A 
false opercle; a kind of secondary lid closing 
the aperture of the shell of some pulmonate gas- 
tropods. See clausilium. Also called liiber- 
naculum. 
pseudoperidium (su'do-pe-rid'i-um), . In 
mycol., a false peridium: a name given to the 
membranous cup inclosing the spores in &ci- 
<l i n ni. See peridium and sEcidium. 
pseudoperiodic (su-do-pe-ri-od'ik), a. Quasi- 
periodic. 
pseudoperipteral (su'do-pe-rip'te-ral), a. In 
arch., falsely peripteral : noting a temple with a 
portico in front, or porticos in front and rear, 
Plan of Pseudoperipternl Temple of Fortuna Virilis, Rome. 
but with the columns on its flanks engaged in 
the walls, instead of standing free. Compare 
plan under opisthodomos. 
There are but two known examples of Oreek antiquity 
of a pttudo-peripteral structure the gigantic fane of Ju- 
piter Ulympius at Agrigentum, and the nine-columned edi- 
fice at Piestum. Encyc. Brit., II. 41U. 
P8eudoperipteros(su*do-pe-rip'te-ros), n. [L., 
< Gr. ^levioTrepmrepof, with a false peristyle, < 
tyevir/f, false, + malimpof, with a single row of 
columns all around : see peripteros.] A pseudo- 
peripteral structure. 
It would be difficult to decide whether this peculiar 
pseudo-peripteros [temple of Zeus at Agrigentum | owed Its 
conformation to the building-stone at disposal, . . . or 
whether other conildenUoui led to this abnormal nega- 
tion of the fundamental principles of columnar architec- 
ture. Keber, Ancient Art (tr. by Clarke), p. 219. 
Pseudophallia (su-do-fal'i-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. V*<x>'/C, false, + <jm/./6f, phallus.] In Morch's 
system, a class of gastropods characterized by 
the supposed absence of an intromittent male 
organ, comprising the orders Rhipidoglossa and 
Docoglossa. Also called Eiocephala. 
Pseudophidia (su-do-M'i-a), . pi. [NL., < Gr. 
VwwJr/f, false, T bQiiiiov, dim. of mjn^, a serpent: 
see Ophidia.] In De Blainville's system of clas- 
sification, an order of Amphibia, characterized 
by the limbless serpentiform body (whence the 
name); the cncilians, or Ophiomorpha. See 
C&citiidie. 
pseudophidian (su-do-fid'i-an), a. and H. [< 
Pseudophidia + -an.] ' I. a. Having the appear- 
ance of an ophidian, as an amphibian ; belong- 
ingto the Pseudophidia. 
II. n. A member of the Pseudophidia. 
pseudophone (su'do-fon), . [< Gr. i>fvdrK, false, 
+ $uvrf, voice.] An instrument for the study 
of the perception of direction of sounds by the 
human ear. By It sound may be made to appear as 
coming from any direction other than the true one. Ear- 
pieces fastened to the head by straps, and carrying ad- 
justable tin-plate mirrors the latter producing the ef- 
fects constitute the instrument. 
Pseudophyllidea(su'd9-ti-lid'e-a), . pi. [NL., 
< Gr. V^W, false, + ^tt/w, leaf, + -idea.'] A 
group of the Cestoidea, or cestoid worms, in- 
cluding those tapeworms which, when mature, 
have neither suckers nor lobes on the head, but 
a deep groove on each side. The group Includes 
tapes found in various fishes, amphibians, and water- 
birds, as well as Bothriocephalitsiatns, the broad tapeworm, 
occasionally infesting the human body. 
Pseudopneumona (su-dop-mVmo-na), n. pi. 
[NL., < Gr. TfievJtK, false, + irvei'fujv, lung.] A 
group of rostriferous gastropods, with the gills 
in very numerous cross-rows on the inner sur- 
face of the mantle, eyes in front of the bases 
of the tentacles, and opereulum spiral. It in- 
pseudoprostyle 
eluded the families Littvrinidte, iMcitnidx, and 
Truncatellidx. J. E. Gray. 
pseudopod (su'do-pod), n. [< Gr. t/*w%, false, 
+ JTOI'Y (TOO-) = E. foot.] 1. A member of 
the Pseudopoda, as an amoeba ; any protozoan 
which is provided with pseudopodia, or has the 
power or protruding diversiform parts of its 
sarcode in the form of pseudopodia, serving as 
temporary organs of locomotion ; a rhizopod; a 
myxopod. 2. A pseudopodium. 
Pseudopodat (su-dop'o-dii), . pi. [NL. : see 
pseudopod.] In Ehrenberg's system of classi- 
fication (1836), a division of anenterous infu- 
sorians, containing those called root-footed, or 
the .litiirlt.-i-ii. Arcelliua, and JiaciUaria. The 
term is disused, but is the origin of the very 
common words pseudopod and pseudopodium. 
pseudopodal (su-dop'6-dal), a. [< pseudopod 
+ -a/.J 1. Provided with pseudopods; fur- 
nished with false feet ; of or pertaining to the 
Pseudopoda; rhizopod; myxopod. 2. Pertain- 
ing to pseudopodia ; pseudopodial. 
pseudopode (su'do-pod), n. [< pseudopodium.] 
Same as pxeudopodium. 
pseudopodia, . Plural of pseudopodium. 
pseudopodial (su-do-po'di-al), a. [< pseudopo- 
dium + -al.] Pertaining to pseudopodia; form- 
ing or formed by pseudopodia: as, a pseudo- 
podial process; pseudopodial movement; the 
pseudopodial aperture for the protrusion of 
pseudopodia in the test of a foramiuifer. 
pseudopodian (su-do-po'di-an), . [< pseudo- 
podium + -an.] Same as pseudopodial. 
pseudopodic (su-do-pod'ik), a. [< pseudopod 
+ -it'.] Same as pseudopodal. W. IS. Kent. 
pseudopodium (su-do-po'di-um), n. ; pi. pgeu- 
dopodia (-a). [NL.. < Gr. V"t'<'w, false, + JTOI'-J- 
(Troii-) = ]!. foot.] 1. Li Protozoa, as pseudo- 
pods, rhizopods, or myxopods, a temporary 
diversiform prolongation or protrusion of the 
sarcode or body-substance of the animalcule, 
to any extent or in any shape, capable of being 
withdrawn or reabsorbed into the general maH 
of the body, and serving as an organ of locomo- 
tion, prehension, or ingestion; a pseudopod. or 
false foot: generally in the plural. The term Is 
very comprehensive in its application to foot-like, finger- 
like, or ray-like processes of the body of protozoans; but 
it is the essential character of a pseudopodium to be soft, 
diversiform, or variable in shape, and Umporary, or sub- 
ject to reabsorption in which respects the organ differs 
from the fixed or constant processes of many protozoan*, 
as cilia or tlagella. 1'seudopodla are highly characteristic 
of the lower or non-corticate protozoans, the myxopods or 
rhizopods proper, as all the amccbiforniK, the neliozoans. 
the foraminifers, etc. They may behioad and lobate pro- 
cesses of sarcode, or slender filamentous rays. \Vnen 
lobate the pseudopodia remain distinct from one another, 
their margins are clear and transparent, and the granules 
which they may contain plainly flow into their interior from 
the more fluid central part of the body; or the whole body 
of the animalcule may flow into such a pseudopod, thus 
effecting a peculiar kind of locomotion. But when they 
are filiform they are very apt to run Into one another, and 
give rise to networks, the constituent filaments of which, 
however, readily separate and legain their previous form ; 
and, whether they do this or not, the surfaces of these pseu- 
dopodia are beset by minute granules, which are in inces- 
sant motion. See cuts under Actinosphtpriuni, Amoeba, ami 
BotaUa. 
2. In Rotifera, the aboral region, caudal ex- 
tremity, or tail-end of a wheel-animalcule, it 
varies much in size, form, and function, and may be 
absent. When best developed, it Is a considerable mus- 
cular organ, serving as a sucker-like means of attachment 
or as a fln-llke organ for swimming. It Is sometimes a 
pair of tails, like styles or flaps. 
3. In hot. : (a) In Musci, a false pedicel, or 
elongation of the extremity of a branch of the 
oophyte, in the form of a stalk, supporting a 
sporogonium or capsule. 
In Sphagnum, the sporogonium la fully developed within 
the eplgonal leaves, and when complete the axis beneath 
it elongates, forming the psevdopodivm. 
Encyc. Brit., IV. 116. 
(6) In Mycetozoa, a protrusion of the protoplasm 
of an amwboid body, which may be drawn in, 
or into which the whole body may move, 
pseudoproct (su'do-prokt), w. [< Gr. Vf<!)7f, 
false, + xpuKTOf, anus.] 1. The anus or anal 
opening of the pseudembryo or eehinopaedium 
of an echinoderm. 2. The false oscule, or 
pseudostome, of a sponge. W. J. Sollas. 
The faulfy use of the term oscule for what Is neither 
functionally nor morphologically a mouth is here obvious, 
for in one sense the oscule is always a pseudostome; it 
would be better if the term psevdfproct could be substi- 
tuted. Entyc. Brit., XXII. 416. 
pseudoproctons (su-do-prok'tus), a. [< pseu- 
dojrroct + -oug.] Provided with a pseudo- 
proct. 
pseudoprostyle (su-do-pro stil), <?._ [< Gr. $ev- 
rfw, false, + xpooTv/.oc, prostyle.] Noting a por- 
tico the projection of which from the wall is less 
