pulverization 
rizayeto = It. polverizzazione ; as pulverize + 
-ati<in.~\ The act of pulverizing, or reducing to 
dust or powder. Also spelled pulverisation. 
pulverize (pul ve-riz), .; pret. and pp. pulrer- 
ized, ppr. pulverizing. [= P. pulveriser = Pr. 
polvurizar = Sp. Pg. pulverizar = It. polveri:- 
zare, polrerezzure, < LL. pulrrrizarr, reduce to 
dust, < L. pulris (pulver-), dust, powder: see 
funnier.] I. trans. To reduce to fine powder, 
as by pouuding, grinding, etc. 
The zealous Prophet, with luat fury moor'd, 
'fore all the Hoast, his Brother sharp reproov'd, 
And puleeriz'd their Idol. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, 11., The Lawe. 
II. intrans. 1. To become reduced to fine 
powder; fall to dust. 2. In ornith., to roll or 
wallow in the dust; take a sand- or dust-bath, 
as a hen or partridge. 
Also spelled pulverise. 
pulverizer (pul've-ri-zer), H. 1. One who or 
that which pulverizes; especially, a machine 
for breaking the soil, crushing stone, grinding 
grain, etc. 2. In ornith., a bird that habitually 
rolls or wallows in the dust or takes sand-baths ; 
one of the Pulveratores. 
The singularity of manners . . . peculiar to a few spe- 
cies, by some called pulverizer*. 
J Rennie, in Montagu's Ornith. Diet 
Also spelled pulveriser. 
pulverizing-mill (pul've-ri-zing-mil), . An 
apparatus for reducing the ingredients of gun- 
powder separately to an impalpable powder 
before they are combined in the mcorporating- 
mill. 
pulverous (pul' ve-rus), a. [< L. pulvis (pulver-), 
dust, powder: see powder.] Consisting of dust 
or powder; like powder. Smart. 
pulverulence (pul-ver'fj-lens), n. [< pulreru- 
lcn(t) + -ce.] Dustiness; powder; the state of 
being dusted over, powdery, or pulverulent. 
pulverulent (pul-ver'ij-lent), a. [= P. pulrfou- 
lent = Sp. Pg. pulverulento, < L. ptilverulentus, 
full of dust, covered with dust, < pulvis (pulver-), 
dust, powder: seejwirrfcr.] 1. Dusty; consist- 
ing or fine powder; powdery: as, calcareous 
stone is sometimes found in the pulverulent 
form. 2. In zool.. finely powdery or dusty, 
as a surface ; especially, covered as if powdered 
with very minute scales, as an insect. 3. In 
bot. : (a) Covered as if with powder or dust; 
pulveraceous : said of surfaces. (6) Of very 
slight cohesion : said of tissues. 
The "thallus," which increases in thickness by the for- 
mation of new layers upon its free surface, has no very de- 
nned limit, and, In consequence of the slight adhesion of 
Its components, is said to be " pulverulent." 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., { 325. 
4. Addicted to lying and rolling in the dust, as 
fowls. 
Pulver- Wednesday! (pul'ver-wenz'da), . [< 
L. pulvis (pulver-), dust, ashes (see powder), + 
Wednesday."] Same as Ash Wednesday. 
pulvilt (pul'vil), . [Also pulville and puleillo, 
pulvillio, puh'ilio; < It. polriglio, < L. pulvillus, 
a little cushion, contr. from pulvinulus, < pul- 
vinus, a cushion, an elevation.] A little bag 
of perfumed powder; a sachet. 
There stands the Toilette, Nursery of Charms, 
Completely furnish d with bright Beauty's Arms; 
The Patch, the Powder Box, Pulville, Perfumes, 
Fins, Paint, a flattering Glass, and Black lead Combs. 
Ua>i, The Fan, L 129. 
pulvilt (pul'vil), . t. [< puMl, n .] To sprinkle 
with pulvil or a perfumed powder. 
Have you pulrill'd the Coachman and Postilion, that 
they may not stink of the Stable? 
Conyreve, Way of the World, iv. 1. 
pulvil-caset (pul'vil-kas), n. A. receptacle for 
perfumed powder and other articles of the toi- 
let, as combs, etc. 
pulviliot, . Same as pulvil. 
It was easy for the porter in Farquhar to pass for Beau 
Clincher, by borrowing hia lace and his pulvilio. 
Macaulay, Petrarch. 
pulvillar (pul'vi-lar), a. [< L. pulvillus + -r 2 .] 
Cushion-like or pad-like, as a process on an in- 
sect's tarsus between the claws ; of or pertain- 
ing to a pulvillus. 
pulvillet, Same as pulril. 
pulvilli, . Plural of pulvillus. 
pulvilliform (pul-vil'i-fonn), a. [< L. pulvillus, 
a little cushion, + forma, form.] In entom., 
resembling a pulvillus; cushion-like: as, apul- 
rilliform empodium. 
pulvilliot, pulviliot, n. Same a.s pulril. 
The flowers perfumed the air with smells of incense, 
ambergris, and pulrillioi, and were so interwoven with 
one another that they grew up in pieces of embroidery. 
AddvHin, Spectator, No. 63. 
4843 
pulvillus (pul-vil'us), n.; pi. pulrilli (-i). [L., 
a little cushion: see pulvil.'] In entom., a little 
process, like a cushion, pad, or sucker, between 
the clavi or claws of the apical or terminal 
tarsal joint of an insect's leg; a foot-pad. A 
pulvUlus is a modified plantula, onychium, or empodium, 
forming a pad often furnished with tubular hairs which 
secrete an adhesive substance, enabling the insect to walk 
on smooth surfaces. The cushion of a fly's foot is an ex- 
ample. Also pulvimdut. 
pulvinar (pul-vi'niir), . and n. [< L. pulvi- 
uaris, of or belonging to a cushion or pillow; 
pulrinarium, usually pulvinar, a couch made of 
cushions; < pulvinus, a cushion, bolster, pillow, 
elevation: see piWotr.] I. a. Padded or pad- 
like; cushiony; pillowy: as, the pttleinar prom- 
inence of the brain. 
H. . 1. A pillow or cushion; a medicated 
cushion. 2. The posterior inner part of the 
optic thalamus, forming a prominence on its 
upper surface. Also called posterior tubercle. 
3. The cushion of fat filling up the non- 
articular part of the acetabulum. 
Pulvinaria (pul-vi-na'ri-a), n. [NL. (Targioni- 
Tozzetti, 1868), < L. putrinus, a cushion: see 
puli'in .] A notable genus of bark-lice or scale- 
insects of the homopterous family Coecidx. The 
females are large, circular, and flat, with a dense white, 
cushion-shaped, and waxy egg-mass. They are very injuri- 
ous to trees and plants. P. ntis damages grape-vines in 
Europe, and P. \nnumerabilis is a great pest to maple 
shade-trees In the United States, where it is known as the 
cottony mapU-scale. 
pulvinate (pul'vi-nat), a. [< L. pulvinatus, 
cushion-shaped, having a swelling or elevation, 
(.pulriniis, a cushion, an elevation: see * pillou.~\ 
1. Pulvinar; cushiony; pillowy; pad-like. 2. 
In bot., cushion-shaped. 
Also jiulriniform. 
Pulvinate prothorax or pronotum, in tntum.,* pro- 
thorax or pronotum which is depressed in one place and 
appears to be puffed out in others, giving a fanciful re- 
semblance to a cushion or pillow that has been pressed 
down in any part. Kirby. 
pulvinated (pul'vi-na-ted), a. [< i/ulriiiate + 
-/2.] In ami., noting a swelling or bulging out 
in any part of an order, or any member so char- 
acterized, as some friezes. Also called pilloiccd. 
pulvinately (pul'vi-nat-li), adv. In hot., in a 
pulviuate manner. 
pulvini, n. Plural of pnlvinus. 
pulviniform (pul-vin i-forin), a. [< L. pull-i- 
nns, a cushion, an elevation, + forma, form.] 
Same SM pulcinate. 
pulvinulus (pul-vin 'u-lus), .; pi. pulfiuuli 
(-H). [NL., < L. pulvinulus, a little cushion, a 
little bank of earth, dim. of puleiuus, a cushion, 
an elevation.] In entom., same as pulvillus. 
pulvinus (pul-vi'uus), .; pi. pulrini (-ni). 
[NL., < L. pulvinus, a cushion, bolster, pillow, 
elevation: see pillow.] In bot., same as cush- 
ion, '2 (j). 
pulviplume (pul'vi-plom), . [< NL. pulvi- 
pluma, < L. pulris, dust, powder, + pluma, a 
feather.] Same as powder-down. 
pulwar (pul'war), n. [Also palwar; E. Ind.] 
A light, keelless, neatly built boat used on the 
Ganges. 
pulza-oil (pul'za-oil), n. [Origin uncertain.] 
A fixed oil yielded by the seeds of the physic- 
nut, Jatropha Curcas, used medicinally and for 
general purposes. The seed is produced largely In 
the Cape Verd Islands, and exported to Lisbon, where 
chiefly the oil is expressed. Also called jatrophaoil (see 
Jatropha), ieed-oil, and purqueira-eil. 
puma (pu'mji), n. [< Peruv. puma, a puma.] 
1. SameascoM</ar. 2. [.cap.'] [NL.] A genus 
of Felidx, such as the cougar. Sir W. Jardine. 
purnelo, n. See pomelo. 
pumeyt, Same as pumice. 
Thetis in her bower 
Of putney and tralucent pebble-stones 
Receives the weary bridegroom of the sea. 
Peelf, England's Holidays. 
pumicate (pu'mi-kat), r. *.; pret. and pp. pumi- 
cated, ppr. pumicatina. [< L. pumicatus, pp. of 
pumicare, rub smooth with pumice, < punier 
(^>Mmie-),apumice-stone: seepumice.] To make 
smooth with pumice. [Bare.] 
pumice (pum'is or pu'mis), . [Early mod. E. 
also pumish, also pumey, pumie(-stone) ; < ME. 
pomyce, pomys, pomeys. pomayse, pomege, < OF. 
"pomice (f), vernacularly ponce (> E. pounce 2 ) 
= Sp. pomez Pg. ponies = It. pomice = AS. 
pumic(stdn) = D. puim(steen) = OHG. bum';. 
MHG. burner, bims, G. bims, bims(strin) = Sw. 
pim(sten) = Dan. pimp(sten), pumice, < L. 
pumei (pumic-), pumice-stone, any light po- 
rous stone; perhaps orig. *ypumex, < spuma, 
foam: see spume . Cf. doublet pounce 2 ."} Lava 
having a loose, spongy or cellular structure: 
pump 
lava from which gas or steam has escaped in 
large quantities wnile it was becoming consoli- 
dated. Pumice is usually a form of obsidian, and con- 
tains from ft) to 75 per cent of silica. It is often so porous 
as to float on water for a considerable time after being 
ejected from a volcano. After its pores become filled ith 
water it sinks to the bottom. Its specific gravity being near- 
ly two and a half times that of water. 
Planted In rude and uncultivated places, amongst rocks 
and dry pumices. Kcelyn, HUva. 
Like as a swarm of bees that In an hollow pumice pend. 
Phaer, 1 .no. I. ill. 
pumice (pum'is or pu'mis), v. t.; pret. and pp. 
pumiced, ppr. pumiciny. [< pumice, w.] To 
polish, rub, or otherwise treat with pumice- 
stone ; especially, in nilrer-platmg, to clean with 
pumice and water, as the surface of an article 
to be plated. 
We who have ragged beards are cruel by prescription 
and acclamation ; while they who have pumiceit faces and 
perfumed hair are called cruel only in the moments of 
tenderness, and In the pauses of Irritation. 
Landor, Diogenes and Plato. 
The box being finished, the ouUlde is pumiced and pol- 
ished, and any applications of gilding can be made. 
Workshop ttecciptt, 1st ser., p. S>. 
pumiceous (pu-mish'ius), a. [< ii.pumiceus, of 
or pertaining to pumice, < pumex (pumic-), pum- 
ice: see pumice .] Pertaining to pumice; con- 
sisting of pumice, or resembling pumice: as, 
pumiceous structure. 
Minute angular fragments of pttmiceous glass, such as 
is thrown high in the air during violent eruptions. 
.sV-(Vii<v, VII. 873. 
pumice-Stone (pum'is-ston), u. [Formerly also 
jiumie-ntone, puniy-ntoue ; < pumice + stone. Cf. 
AS. pumie-ntan.'] Same tat pumife. 
Fire, fall'n from Heav'n, or else by Art incited, . . . 
Or from som Mountains burning bowels throw'n, 
Repleat with Sulphur, Pitch, and Pinny stone, 
With sparkling fury spreads. 
Sylcetter, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, II., The Furies. 
This mountain, and indeed the whole island, is evidently 
of volcanic origin, and formed of lava, tufo, and pumice 
stone. Eustace, Italy, III. I. 
I'd mi:- stones I hastly hent 
And threwe. Sprnter, Shep. Cal., March. 
pumiciform (piim'i-wi-forrn), a. [< L. pumef 
(pumic-), pumice, + forma, form.] Resembling 
pumice: specifically applied in geology to cer- 
tain light spongy rocks having the texture of 
pumice. 
pumicose (pum'i-kos), a. [= It. pumicoso, po- 
micoso, < L. pumicosim, like pumice, porous, < 
pumex (pumic-), pumice: see pumice."] Con- 
sisting of or resembling pumice. 
The cavity of the sinus was almost entirely occupied by 
a pumicose deposit. .Sir W. Hamilton. 
pumie-stonei, . Same as pumice-atone. 
pummacet, '< An obsolete form of pomace. 
pummel, w. and r. See pommel. 
pummelo, Bee pomelo. 
pump 1 (pump), n. [< ME. pumpe, < OP. pompe, 
V. pompe (> Russ. potnpa) = Cat. Sp. Pg. bom- 
ba, pump ; cf. D. pomp = MLG. LG. pumpe = 
G. pumpe = 8w. pump = Dan. pumpe, a pump; 
also in another form, G. pliimpe, a pump; cf. 
G. plumpcn = E. dial, plump, v., pump, forms 
simulating plumpi, or more prob. original, and 
connected with jilump?, and thus ult., like 
plunge, < L. plumbum, lead: see plump%. The 
relations of the forms are difficult to deter- 
mine, owing in part to the imitative intent 
appar. present in them.] 1. One of several 
kinds of hydraulic and pneumatic machines, 
(a) A hydraulic machine for raising 
liquids from a lower to a higher level 
through a pipe or passage by means 
of one or more pistons or plungers 
(with or without valves), or analogues 
of these devices, working in, or in 
correlation with, one or more pump- 
barrels, pump-stocks, chambers, or 
confined spaces. Of this class the 
common single-acting house-pump, 
the details of which are shown In 
the cut, is a familiar example. (6) A 
hydraulic machine forforcing liquids 
under pressure through one or more 
pipes or passages, in any direction, 
by means of one or more pistons or 
plungers, or analogues of these de- 
vices, working in one or more cylin- 
ders, trunks, pump-barrels, pump- 
stocks, chambers, or confined spaces. 
See force-pump, (c) A pneumatic 
machine for forcing aeriform fluids 
or vapors in any direction through a 
pipe or passage by means of one or 
more pistons, or their analogues or 
equivalent*, working In one or more 
chambers, cylinders, pump-barrels, 
or pump-stocks. See air-pump and 
mercury air-pump. [In the dia- 
phragm-pump, a reciprocating dia- 
phragm performs the function of a 
Single-acting Cast-iron 
House-pump 
a, lever ; *, plunger 
nr piston ; c, fulcrum ; 
d, cylinder or ttarrel ; 
e, lower valve, or foot- 
v.ilve ; /, base, support- 
ing all other parti. 
