panto 
punto (l>Hii't6), M. [< Hp. It. punto, < 1i. punc- 
tual, u puint: see point*. Cl. nuncio.] 1. A 
point : s]>< -i -ilii-itHy, in mu*ic, a act or point. 
This cannot be any way offensive to row own, and 1s ex- 
peeled tn the utmost punto by that other nation. 
Up. llacket, Abp. Wttllami, L 150. (Daniel.) 
2f. Uue of the old forms given to the beard. 
I have yet 
No ague. I can look upon your bud, 
And punto beard, yet call for no strong-water. 
Shirley, Honorla and Mammon, I. 2. 
3. A thrust or pass in fencing; a point. 
I would teach these nineteen the special rules, as your 
punto your reverse, your stoccata, your irobroccato, your 
fimrnr. your montanto. 
B. Jorum, Every Man In Ills Humour, Iv. 5. 
4. A stitch or method of work with the needle 
or the loom: same as point*, 18. 5. Same as 
pontil. 
A solid iron rod tipped w ith melted glass, called a punto. 
Ure, Wet., II. 667. 
Punto drttto, a direct point or hit. 
Your dagger commannding his rapier, yon may give him 
a punto, either dritta, or riversa, 
Narivbi, On the Duello, K2. (Sara.) 
Punto riverso, a back-handed stroke. 
Ah, the Immortal passado! the punto receno! 
Shak., R. nd J., 1L 4. 27. 
puntsman (punts'man), .; pi. puntmen(-raen). 
[< punt's, poss. of piint 1 , + man.] A sportsman 
who uses a punt. 
It being the desire of punltinen to pot as many birds as 
possible by one shot W. W. Greener, The Unn, p. 531. 
punty (pun'ti), .; pi. punties (-tiz). [Also 
puntfe, ponty, etc.: see pontil.] 1. Same as 
pontil. 
Now the glass globe Is fastened to two bars, the punty 
and the blow-pipe. Harper"! Hag., LXXIX. 254. 
2. An oval or circular dot or depression: a 
kind of ornamentation employed in glass-cut- 
ting. 
punty-rod (pun'ti-rod), n. Same as pontil. 
puny 1 (pu'ni), a. and n. [Formerly also pnney, 
puttie, punay, also puisne, puisny, the form 
puisne being still retained archaically in legal 
use; < OF. puisne, F. pulnd, < ML. postnatux, 
later-born, younger, < L. post, after, + natux, 
born: see postnate.] I. . If. Later-bom; 
younger; junior. See puisne, 1. 2. Small and 
weak ; inferior or imperfectly developed in size 
or strength; feeble; petty; insignificant. 
How the young whelp of Talbot's, raging-wood. 
Did flesh his puny sword in Frenchmen's blood ! 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., Iv. 7. 36. 
I do but ask my month, 
Which every petty, puunr devil has. 
6. Joiuun, Devil Is an Ass, I. 1. 
He is a puny soul who, feeling pain. 
Finds ease because another feels it too. 
Wordtwnrth, The Borderers, Hi. 
= 8yn. 2. Little, diminutive, stunted, starveling. 
H.t n.; pi. punies (-niz). A young, inexperi- 
enced person ; a junior; a novice. 
Nay, then, I see thou 'rt bat a puny in the mM ill 
Mlstery of a woman. 
Toumrur, Revenger's Tragedy, I. 3. 
There Is only In the amity of women an estate for will, 
and every puny knows that Is no certain Inheritance. 
Dekker and Wrbttrr, Westward Ho, I. 2. 
He ... most appear In Print like a puttie with his 
guardian and his censors hand on the back of his title to 
be his bayl and surety that be Is no Idiot or seducer. 
Millon, Areopagltica, p. 31. 
Others to make sporte withall ; of this last sorte were 
they whom they call freahmenn, punie* of the nrst yearc. 
Chrittmai Prince at St. John'i CM , p. 1. (Sam.) 
puny'-'t, w. [Adapted as a sing, from the sup- 
posed plural puntce, punene, < F. punaise, a bed- 
bug: see puntce 9 .] A bedbug: same &spnnict". 
Cotgrave. 
punyshipt (pu'ni-ship), . [< puny + -ship.] 
The state of a puny, junior, or novice; nonage. 
[Rare.] 
In the puntMAip or nonage of Cerdlcke Sandes . . . the 
best houses and walles there were of imidde. 
.\athr, Lenten Stuffe (llarl. Misc., VI. 171). (Davit*.) 
pup (pup), M. [Abbr. from puppy, erroneously 
regarded as a dim. of pup.] Same as puppy, 2. 
To be In pup, to be pregnant, or heavy with young : said 
of doc*, [('olloq. | 
Pupa of PrionMl lati- 
ctllit. 
4850 
third and usually quiescent 
stage of those insects which 
undergo complete metamor- 
phosis, intervening between 
the larval and the imaginal 
stage. It Is usually called the 
second stage, the egg not being 
counted. Some puna, u those of 
mosquitoes, are active. The pupa 
of some Insects is called a pu- 
parium, and of others a nymph 
or chrytalit. Bee these words. See 
also cuts under beetle, Carpocapta, 
chinch-buff, Krotylut, and haute fly. 
2. A stage in the develop- 
ment of some other arthro- 
pods, as cirripeds. See lo- 
comotive pupa, below. 3. 
[cop.] [Nli.] In concn., the 
typical genus of Pupida; the 
chrysalis - shells. Coarctate 
pupa, conical pupae, exarate 
pupae, inert pupa, See the adjectives. Incased pupa. 
See incate Locomotive pupa, in Cirriprdia, the third 
stage of the larva, the first being a naupllns, the second 
resembling Daphnia or Cyprii. In this stage little Is visi- 
ble externally but the carapace, the limbs being hidden. 
There are, however, large lateral eves and six pairs of legs, 
and the gut-formed gland Is well developed. After swim- 
ming awhile the pupa becomes attached to some object, 
at first only by Its suctorial disks, soon, however, becom- 
ing permanently fixed to the spot by the secretion of a ce- 
ment. See cut under Cirnpedia. 
This locomotive pupa ... Is unable to feed ; . . . other 
Important alterations take place during the passage of 
the locomotive pupa into the tiled young drrlpede. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 259. 
Mature, naked, obtected, etc., pupa. See the adjec- 
tives. Pupa coarctata, a coarctate pupa. 
The pupa, In the majority of Diptera, is merely the larva 
with a hard case (pupa cnarctata). 
Patcoe, Class. Aiilm., p. 122. 
Pupa Obtecta, on obtected pupa. 
Pupacea (pu-pa'sp-ji), n. pi. [XL., < I'upa + 
-acra.] Same as I'upidx. 
pupal (pu'pal), a. [< puptt + -/.] Of or per- 
taining to a pupa; iiymphal; chrysalid; pupi- 
form. 
puparial (pu-pa'ri-al i, r/. [< puparium + - al.] 
Of or pertaining to a pupariura, or dipterous 
pupa. 
puparium (pu-pa'ri-um), .; pi. puparia (-'&). 
[NL., < pupa, a pupa: see pupa.} A pupa in- 
cluded within the last larval skin ; a coarctate 
pupa ; a larva pupigera, as in all dipterous in- 
sects of the division I'yrlorliapha and in many 
of tlie Orthorhapha. See cut under Pipi;a. 
pupate (pu'pat), r. t. ; pret. and pp. pupated, 
upa + -ate'*.] To become 
a pupa [ enter upon the pupal state; undergo 
ppr. pupating. [< pupa + -ate?. 
transformation from the state of the grub or 
larva to that of the perfect insect or imago : as, 
to pupate under ground; to pupate in winter. 
pupation (pu-pa'shon), w. [< pupate + -tow.] 
The act of pupating, or the state of beinfj a 
pupa; the pupal condition; the time during 
which an insect is a pupa. 
pupe (pup), . [< F. pupe , < NL. pupa, a pupa : 
nee pupa.] Same as pupa. Wright. 
pupelo (pu'pe-16), w. [Perhaps a corrupted 
form, ult. < F. pomme, apple. Cf. pompcrkin.] 
Cider-brandy. [New Eng.] 
In Livingston there were five distilleries for the manu- 
facture of cider-brandy, or what was familiarly known as 
pupelo. S. Judo 4 , Margaret, i. 7. 
Pupidae (pu'pi-de), n. pi. [NL., < Pupa + 
-iilir.] A fa in ily of geophilous pulmonate gas- 
tropods, typified by the genus Pupa. The ani- 
mal has a nearly smooth jaw and teeth like those of Htli- 
eidm; the shell Is generally puplform, but sometimes conic 
or cyllndric, nnd has usually a contracted aperture and 
teeth or lamellie on the lips. The species are mostly of 
small size. By many they are united with the llelicuhr. 
Also called Pupacea. 
pupifera (pu-pif'e-rS), n. pi. [NL. (Lichten- 
.stein), < pupa, a pupa, + L. ferre = E. bear 1 .] 
The return migrant generation of plant-lice, or 
the last winged generation, which gives birtli 
agamically to the true sexual generation. See 
pupilarity 
In the other group [of dipterous Insectsl which are al- 
ways pupiyerout, the perfect Insect escapes from the larval 
skin through a more or leas circular opening. 
Stand. Kat. Hut., II. 406. 
pupil 1 (pu'pil), w. and a. [Formerly pupill ; < 
OF. ptqnle, pujtille, F. pupille, m. and f., = Pr. 
pupilli = 8p. pupilo, m., pupila, f., = Pg. It. 
pupillo, m., pupilla, f., a ward, < L. pupillus, m., 
liii/iilla, f., an orphan child, a ward or minor, 
dim. of pupus, a boy, pupa, a girl: see pupa.] 
I. n. 1. A youth or any person of either sex un- 
der the care of an instructor or tutor; in gen- 
eral, a scholar; a disciple. 
Tutors should behave reverently before their 
Sir A. L 1 
2f. A ward ; a youth or person under the care 
of a guardian. 
What, shall King Henry be* pupil still 
Vnder the surly Gloucester's governance? 
Shot., 2 Hen. VI., L 3. 4. 
3. In emit lair, a person under puberty (four- 
teen for males, twelve for females), over whom 
a guardian has been appointed. 
II. a. Under age ; in a state of pupilage or 
nonage; minor. 
The custody of his pupil children. 
Westminster Ret., CXXVIII. 703. 
pupil 2 (pu'pil ),. [Formerly also pupill; < F. 
pupille, t., = Pr. pupilla = Sp. pupila = Pg. It. 
pupilla = D. pupil = G. pupille = Sw. pupill = 
Dan. pupil, < L. pupilla, the pupil of the eye, a 
particular use (as a 'baby' in the eye: see 
oaby) of pujtilla, an orphan girl, a ward or 
minor, dim. fern, of pupa, a girl: see pupil 1 .] 
1. The orifice of the ins; the hole or opening 
in the iris through which light passes. The pupil 
appears usually as a black spot In the middle of the n >1< >r 
ed part of the eye, this appearance being due to the dark- 
ness of the back of the eye. The pupil contracts when the 
retina is stimulated, as by light, on accommodation for 
near distances and on convergence of the visual axes ; 
pain may cause a dilatation. The size of the pupil Is de- 
termined by the circular and radiating muscular fibers of 
the iris. It may also be influenced by drugs ; thus, opium 
contracts and belladonna dilates the pupil. The same 
consequences may result from disease or injury. The 
shape of the pupU in most animals is circular, as (he ex- 
pression of the uniform action of the contractile libers of 
the Iris ; but in many animals it Is oval, elliptical, or slit- 
like. Thus, the pupil of the cat contracts to a mere chink 
In the sunlight, ana dilates to a circle in the dark. 1 he 
pupil of the horse is a broad, nearly parallel-sided fissure 
obtusely rounded at each end. 'Ihe variability of the 
pupil iu size is not less remarkable in owls than in cats, 
but in these birds it keeps Its circular figure, changing in 
size from a mere point to a disk which leaves the iris a 
mere rtm. The pupil sometimes gives zoological charac- 
ters, as in distinguishing foxes from wolves or dogs. See 
i'rt, 6, and cuts under '. 
2. In zoiil. : (a) The central dark part of an 
ocellated spot. See ocellus, 4. (b) A dark, 
apparently interior, spot seen in the compound 
eyes of certain insects, and changing in posi- 
tion as it is viewed from different sides. Ar- 
Kyll-Robertson pupil, a pupil which does not contract 
from light, but does with accommodation for short dis- 
tances. It is a frequent symptom In locomotor ataxla. 
Exclusion of the pupil. See extiusion. Occlusion of 
the pupil, the tilling up of the pupil with inflammatory 
material Pinocle pupil, the pupil when so contracted, 
as It sometimes is, as to resemble a piuhole. 
pupilabilityt (pu'pi-la-bil'i-ti), n. [< pvpili + 
-<wle + -ity (see -bility'j.] Pupilary nature : con- 
fidential character. [Rare.] 
What can he mean by the lambent pupOabHity of slow, 
3 notes below the natural tone? 
low, dry chat, flve i 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, Iv. 1. 
pup (pup), " < ; pret. and pp. pupped, ppr. /mp- 
pin;i. [< pup, n.] To bnng forth pups, as a 
bitch ; whelp, as a carnivorous quadruped. 
pupa (pii'pS), n. ; pi. piipir (-p). [< XL. /"</"' 
" , < L. pupa, puppa, a girl, a 
pupa, 
doll, puppet, fern, of pupug, a* boy, child ; cf. 
puer, a boy, child, puxus, a boy. < V /'" beget. 
From },. piipus, pupa, are also ult. pupe, pupill , 
pupil-, ft.-.. pnppii, puppy, pup, etc.] 1. The 
pupifonn (pu'pi-f&rm), a. [< NL. pupa, pupa, 
+ L.furiiia, form.] 1. In cntom., having the 
form or character of a pupa : pupal ; pnparial : 
as, a jmpiform larva. 2. In coneh., shaped 
like a shell of the genus Pupa; resembling one 
of the I'upiilu- in the form of the shell. 
pupigenous (pu-pij'e-nns), a. [< NL. pupa, 
pupa, + -genut, producing: see -genou*.] Same 
as pupipartnis. 
pupigerous (pu-pij'e-rus), a. [< 'Slj.pupa, pupa. 
+ Ij.gerere, carry. ]" Having the pupa contained 
within the last larval skin ; forming a puparium, 
as most dipterous insects ; coarctate, as a pupa. 
See tarn/ pupii/i-m, under larra. 
pupilage, pupillage (pu'pi-laj), . [= Sp. pu- 
pilaje = Pg. puiiilTagem; as pupil 1 + -aye.] 1. 
The state of being a pupil or scholar, or the pe- 
riod during which one is a pupil. 
Most Noble Lord, the plllor of my life 
And Patrone of my Muses pupttlage. 
Spenter, To Lord Grey of Wilton. 
The severity of the father's brow, . . . whilst they (the 
children) are under the discipline and government of 
pupilage, I think . . . should be relaxed as fast as their 
age, discretion, and good behaviour could allow it 
Locke, Education, I 05. 
2. The state or period of being a ward or minor. 
Three sones he dying left, all under age, 
By meanes whereof their uncle Vortlgere 
Vsurpt the crowne during their pitpiilaye. 
Spenter, V. Q.., II. x. 64. 
There, there, drop my wardship, 
My pupillage and vassalage together. 
D. Jomon, Staple of Xews, L 1. 
That they themselves might confine the Monarch to a 
kind of Pupillage imtlrr their Hierarchy. 
MMon, Reformation in r.nu-.. if. 
pupilar, pupillar (pu'pi-lar), a. Same as /"<- 
pupilarity, pupillarity (pu-pi-lar'i-ti), /. f= 
F. piipilliinli 1'r. pupillarftut. < MI.. '/<- 
pillnrittHt-).". pupillarirtH(t-)n, < L. pupilliirix. 
