puzzle 
The bloodhound has a much more delicate none than 
any other known breed of hound, and can puzzle out a cold 
scent under the moat adverse conditions. 
The Century, XXXVIII. 190. 
= Svn. 1. Perplex, etc. (see embamus), pose, nonplus, be- 
wilder, stagger. 
II. in trails. To be bewildered ; be perplexed 
or posed. 
"And now," he cried, " I shall be pleased to get 
Beyond the Bible there I puzzle yet." Crabbe. 
puzzle-cup (puz'1-kup), . Same as xurprige- 
cu/i. 
A two-handled ptazlr-cup painted with flowers. 
Hamilton Sale Catalngue, 1882, No. 806. 
puzzledom (puz'1-dum), . [< puzzle + -dom.~\ 
A puzzled or perplexed condition; bewilder- 
ment. [Colloq.] 
I was resolved to travel with him Into the land of puzzle- 
<lmn. Kichanison, Clarissa Harlowe, VI. 367. (/Mete,) 
The wonderful Interior of the doable basilica opens upon 
us. The first feeling is simply puzdrdom. 
E. A. Freeman, Venice, p. 79. 
puzzlehead (puz'1-hed), . One who puzzles 
over matters that are plain and intelligible ; a 
person of confused notions. 
"All this theistlc philosophy of yours only means so 
much grist to their mill in the end." "They don't see It 
in that light themselves," said Robert, smiling. "No," 
returned the Squire, "because most men are puzzlehead*.' 
art. Humphry Ward, Robert F.lsmere, xll. 
puzzle-headed (puz'l-hed'ed), a. Given to 
puzzling over matters that are plain and intel- 
ligible ; also, characteristic of puzzleheads. 
He [ Maittaire] seems to have been a puzzle-headed man, 
with a large share of scholarship, but with little geometry 
or logick in his head, without method, and possessed of 
little genius. Johnton, in Boswell, an. 1780. 
puzzle-headedness(puz'l-hed < 'ed-ne8), . The 
state of being puzzle-headed or a puzzlehead. 
The Academy, April 26, 1890, p. 291. 
puzzle-jug (puz'1-iug), . A surprise-cup. 
puzzle-lock (puz'1-lok), . See 
At one time it used to be supposed that locks which 
could only be opened by setting a number of rings or 
disks to a particular combination of letters could not pos- 
sibly be opened by anybody who was not In possession of 
the secret ; and hence they were also called puzzle-lock*. 
Encyc. Bnt., XIV. 746. 
puzzlement (puz'1-ment), n. [< puzzle + -men t. ] 
The state of being puzzled; bewilderment. 
"I have heard of a wedding very often," said Fanny, 
with a pretty look of puzzlement and doubt, "but I don't 
know exactly what it means." 
Bulwer, Night and Morning, v. 6. 
A delightful air of puzzlement came over her face. 
W. C. Russell, Jack's Courtship, xxviii. 
puzzle-monkey (puz'l-mung'kl), . [< puzzle, 
r., + obj. monkey.] Same as monkey-puzzle. 
See Araucaria. 
puzzle-peg (puz'1-peg), . A short piece of 
board fastened under the lower jaw of a dog. 
and projecting a few inches beyond it, to pre- 
vent him from putting his nose close to the 
ground. 
puzzler (puz'ler), n. [< puzzle + -crl.] One 
who or that which puzzles or perplexes. 
Hebrew, the general puzzler of old heads. 
A. Brome, Elegy on his Schoolmaster. 
puzzle-ring (puz'1-ring), H. A number of 
small rings intertwined with one another so 
that they cannot be separated, the puzzle be- 
ing to bring them together in the form of a 
single ring or in some other combination, as a 
sort of knot. 
puzzling (puz'ling), p. a. [Ppr. of puzzle, v.] 
1. Perplexing; embarrassing; bewildering. 
2. Evidencing bewilderment or perplexity; 
easily bewildered or perplexed. 
The servant is a puzzling fool, that heeds nothing. 
Sir R. L'Ettrange. 
puzzlingly (puz'ling-li), adv. In a puzzling 
manner; perplexingly. 
puzzolana, puzzolano (puz-o-la'na, puz-o-18'- 
no), H. Same as pozzuolana. 
puzzolite (puz'o-lit), . [< pnzzol((itia) + -ite*.] 
Same as pozzuolatui. 
pwys, n. [W., a state of rest, weight, a weight.] 
A Welsh weight of wool, about two pounds. 
pxt. A contraction of the Latin pinxit, '(He) 
painted (it).' 
pyaemia, pyaemic. See pyemia, pyemic. 
Pyanepsia (pi-a-nep'si-a), H. pi. [< Gr. nixi- 
vVa (se. iepa), an Athenian festival (see def.), 
said to be so called from a dish of beans which 
was then cooked and eaten, < m-aws, a bean, + 
fy>f, boil.] In ancient Athens, an annual fes- 
tival of Apollo, celebrated on the 7th of the 
month Pyanepsion (October -November). It 
had the character of a harvest-feast. 
306 
4869 
pyarthrosis (pi-ar-thro'sis), M. [NL.,< Or. niw, 
pus (see pun), + &p8puoif, a jointing : see ar- 
throinit.] The presence of pus in a joint. 
pyat, n. Seeptet. 
Pycnanthemum (pik-nan'the-mum), . [NL. 
(F. A. Michaux, 1803), so called in allusion to 
the dense inflorescence; < Gr. irwwif, thick, 
dense, + ni-H.-im,-, blossom.] A genus of gamo- 
petalous plants of the order Labiate, tribe 
fiatureineee, and subtribe Menthouiete. itls char- 
acterized by Its four nearly equal straight and divergent 
stamens, a calyx sometimes two-llppe<l, with flve teeth and 
about thirteen nerves, and a somewhat two- lipped corolla, 
with five ovate lobes, the flowers In dense vertlclllsstero 
involucrate with crowded bracts, and commonly oorym- 
bosely panlcled. The 13 species, known as mountain-mini, 
and sometimes as American baril (see butfl), are North 
American, and all but one are natives of the eastern or 
southern United States. They are erect and rigid peren- 
nial herbs, warmly aromatic and odorous, often hoary with 
minute down, and with flat- topped Inflorescence, frequent- 
ly conspicuous by reason of Urge whitened floral leaves. 
The flowers are whitish or purple and purple-dotted. 
They are commonly dimorphous In having In different 
flowers their stamens either exserted or Included. The 
/'. lanceiilatum Is sometimes known as riryinian thyme 
or prairie-hytfnp. See cut under linear. 
Pycnaspideffi (pik-nas-pid'e-e), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. 7riwif, thick, dense, -I- aoirif (aairti-), a round 
shield.] In Sundevall's system of classifica- 
tion, the fourth cohort of soutelliplantar Pas- 
xeres, including a heterogeneous group of chief- 
ly Neotropical birds, such as those of the gen- 
era Bupicola, Cliasmorhynchus, C'ephaltipterus, 
Tilyra, and Lipaugus, to which are added the 
East Indian genera Calyptomeiia, Eurylefmux, 
and others. 
pycnaspidean (pik-nas-pid'e-an), a. [< Pyc- 
Hiiitpitleie + -<in.\ In ornith., having the planta, 
or back of the tarsus, studded with many small 
irregular scales or plates, as a modification of 
the scutelliplautar tarsus. 
pycnaster (pik-nas'ter), H. f < Gr. nrnvof, thick, 
dense, + uaT>//>, a. star.] A kind of spouge- 
spicule. SolliM. 
pycnid, pycnide (pik'nid), . Same as pycni- 
ilitfm, \. 
pycnides, . Plural of pycni*. 
pycnidia, n. Plural ol pycnidium. 
pycnidlal (pik-nid'i-al), a. [< pycnidi-um + 
-nl.} Relating to a pycnidium, or having its 
character. 
pycnidiophore (pik-nid'i-6-for), a. K NL. 
pycnidium, q. v., + Gr. jlpnv = E. iojrl.] 
In hot., a compound sporophore bearing pyc- 
nidia. 
pycnidiospore (pik-nid'i-o-spor), . [< NL. 
pycnidium + Gr. <T</wf, seed.] In hot., same 
as *tylo*pnre. 
pycnidium (pik-nid'i-nm), .; pi. pycnidia (-&). 
[NL., < Gr. irtwvof, thick, dense, + dim. -iAidv.] 
1. In bot., a receptacle in ascomycetous fungi, 
resembling a perithecium, in which stylospores 
or pycnospores are produced: same as cliuo- 
x/ioraiigium. See xtylo.tpore. Also pycnid, pyc- 
nide. 2. [cap.] [NL.J In entom., a genus of 
coleopterous insects of the family Tenebrioni- 
dee. Also called Oochrotn*. Erichxon, 1846. 
pycnis (pik'nis), n. ; pi. pycnides (pik'ni-dez). 
[NL., < Gr. -ti'of, thick, dense, compact.] In 
hot., the same or nearly the same as clinospo- 
rangium, 
pycnite (pik'nit), n. K Gr. TTWCVOC, thick, dense, 
compact, + -ite 2 .] A compact columnar va- 
riety of topaz, from the tin-mines of Saxony 
and Bohemia. 
Pycnocoma (pik-nok'6-mft), n. [NL. (Ben- 
tham, 1849), < Gr. TTIWVOT, tn'ick, + xApi, hair (al- 
luding to the stamens).] A genus of apetalous 
shrubs of the order Kuphorbiacfir, tribe Cro- 
tniK ;> . and subtribe I'hikenetitir. It is cbancter- 
ized by numerous stamens which are often flexnous in 
the bud, small terminal anthers, and a long columnar 
style. The 8 species are eimally divided in nativity be- 
tween tropical Africa and the Mascarene Islands. They 
are shrubs, sometimes becoming small trees, bearing targe 
entire leaves crowded at the end of the branches, and 
moiuBcious flowers in racemes in the upper axils, re- 
markable for the large number of the elongated stamens, 
often over fifty, borne on an elevated receptacle and In- 
termixed with glands. See bumah-nut. 
pycnoconidium (pik'no-ko-nid'i-um), .: pi. 
pycnoconidia (-a). [NL., < Gr. irtv<if, thick, + 
NL. conidium, q. v.J In mycol., an asexually 
produced spore or conidium the character of 
which has recently (1888) been demonstrated. 
It is what has been calfed a tpermatium in certain lichens, 
and was thought to be a fertilizing organ, but on being 
sown on a proper medium it immediately germinated and 
produced a thallus. 
pycnodont (pik'no-dont), a. and . I. a. Per- 
taining to the 1'iicinxlontidte, or having their 
characters 
pycnogonoid 
II. N. A fossil fish of the family 
Pycnodontes (pik-no-don'tez), n. pi. [NL., 
pi. nf I'ycniidux (-odoitt-).] Same as rycnvdoit- 
Pycnodontidae (pik-no-don'ti-de), . pi. [NL., 
< I'ycMtidux (-odont-) + -id:] A family or sub- 
order of ganoid fishes, typified by the genus 
I'yrnodu*. The tail Is homocercal : the neural arches 
and ribs are ossified : the roots of the ribs are but little 
expanded In the older genera, but enlarged In the later 
ones, to as to simulate vertebra; ; the paired flns are not 
lobate ; the teeth on the palate and on the sides of the 
mandible are obtuse ; the intermaxillary teeth are Inclsl- 
form ; and none of the fins are fulcrate. These Babes are 
characteristic of the Mesotoic and Tertiary; all are ex- 
tinct 
Pycnodontini (pik'no-don-ti'ni), . pi. [NL., 
\ I*ycnoduji (-oaont-) + -int.] Same as Pycno- 
dontoidei. 
pycnodontoid (pik-no-don'toid), a. and 11. I. 
a. Resembling or related to a pycnodont ; be- 
longing to the Pycnodontoidei. 
II. n. A member of the Pycnodontoidei. 
Pycnodontoidei (pik'no-don-toi'df-i), n. pi. 
[NL., < Pycnodus (-mlont-) + -oidei.] A sub- 
order of ganoid flsoes, characterized by a per- 
sistent notochord, rhombic scales in pleuro- 
lepidal rows, paired fins without axial skele- 
ton, and effulcrate and branchiostegal rays. 
The principal family is that of the Pycnodon- 
tidjF. 
Pycnodus (pik'no-dus), n. [NL. (Agassiz, 
1833), < Gr. Triwvcif, thick, -I- Adoif (oWr-) = E. 
tooth.] The typical genus of Pycnodontidte. 
Pycnogonata '(pik-no-gon'a-tft), n. pi. [NL.. 
< Gr. mwvof, thick, +'j6w> (jorar-), knee, joint.] 
Same as Pycnogonida. 
Pycnogonida (pik-no-gon'i-dft), H. iij. [NL., < 
I'ycnogonum + -ida.] A group of marine ar- 
thropod articulate animals, combining some 
characters of both Crustacea and Arachnidti 
with others of neither of these classes; the 
sea-spiders. They have a four-segmented cephalo- 
thorax bearing four pairs of many-Jointed legs ending In 
claws, and in the female a pair of additional appendages 
Sj,nt>rr>Ki>Htoi. one 'if the fyt nogott idn - female. 
if. esophagus ; *, stomach, prolonged into the limbs / and antennae tt; 
r, rectum. 
between the anterior legs; a rudimentary nnsegmented 
abdomen ; a tubular or proboscis-like mouth, simple or 
appendaged ; four ocelli ; no respiratory organs ; and the 
sexes distinct. The palpi when present have from flve to 
nine joints and end In a claw. The group has been various- 
ly rated as a family, suborder, order, subclass, and class, 
and has been called or placed In Arathnopoda, Aranei- 
/ormia, Apnrobranchia, Lirrigrada, Nymphonacea, Pan- 
tapoda, Podotomata, I'olugtmnpoda, I'teudararhna, Pye- 
nogonala, Pyenogvnidx, Putnogonidea, and PjicnagmtUet. 
Some are parasitic, others are found moving sluggishly 
among seaweeds. Leading genera are I'ycnogmum, 
PkoaehUui, Xymphon, and Ammathea. See also cut un- 
der fiymphon. 
Pycnogonidae (pik-no-gon'i-de), n. pi. [NL.,< 
ryrnogonum + -iVte.j 1. A family of I'yc>n>i/n- 
inilii, typified by the genus Pycnogonum, con- 
taining parasites of comparatively stout form, 
with relatively short and knotty legs, and tubu- 
lar mouth without either mandibles or palpi. 
2t. Same as the group Pyrnntionidii. 
Pycnogonidea (pik'no-go-nid'e-ft), n.pl. [NL.] 
Same as /V"".'/"'">'''- 
Pycnogonides (pik-no-gon'i-dez), n. pi. [NL.] 
Same as Pyenogonida. 
pycnogonidium (pik'no-go-nid'i-um), n.; pi. 
)>y<-nttgonidin (-a). [N'l-.. < Gr. jrtwrvof, thick. 
+ NL. goniflinm."] In hot., same as styloxporc. 
pycnogonoid (pik-nog'6-noid), a. and n. I. n. 
Resembling a sea-spider; of or pertaining to 
the Pycnogoni'lii. 
