quality 
or whole, and has lower and higher uses. The other words 
are somewhat technical. A/cction is used in various 
senses. Predicate and mark are very general words in 
logic. Difference is a character distinguishing one class 
of objects from others. Diathesis, the corresponding 
Greek form, is applied in medicine to peculiarities of con- 
stitution. Determination is a more recent philosophical 
term denoting a character in general. 
It would be felt as indecorous to speak of the qualities 
of God, and as ridiculous to speak of the attributes of 
matter. Sir W. Hamilton, Metaph., vi. 
Property is correctly a synonym for peculiar quality ; but 
it is frequently used as co-extensive with quality in general. 
Sir W. Hamilton, Metaph., vi. 
We have no direct cognizance of what may be called the 
substantive existence of the body, only of its accidents. 
J. II. Keurman, Parochial Sermons, I. 273. 
Affability is a general characteristic of the Egyptians of 
all classes. E. W. Lane, Modern Egyptians, I. 261. 
To judge human character, a man may sometimes have 
very small experience, provided he has a very large heart. 
Buliver, What will he Do with it? v. 4. 
quality-binding (kwol'j-ti-bm' ! 'ding), . A kind 
of worsted tape used for binding the borders of 
carpets and similar work. Simmonds, 
quallet, . A Middle English form of whale 1 . 
qualm (kwam), n. [Also di&l.calm; < ME. qualm, 
quclm, pestilence, death, < AS. ctcealm, death, 
slaughter, murder, destruction, plague, pesti- 
lence (= OS. qualm, death, destruction, = D. 
kwalm, suffocating vapor, smoke, = OHG. 
qualm, chwalm, MHG. qualm, twalm, slaughter, 
destruction, G. qualm, suffocating vapor, vapor, 
steam, damp, smoke, nausea, = Sw. qralm, suf- 
focating air, sultriness, = Dan. kvalm, suffocat- 
ing air, kvalme, nausea), < cwelan, die, whence 
cicellan, cause to die, kill: see quail 1 , and cf. 
qualei and quell.] If. Illness; disease; pesti- 
lence; plague. 
A thousand slain, and not of quaime ystorve. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1156. 
2. A sudden attack of illness ; a turn of faint- 
ness or suffering ; a throe or throb of pain. 
Some sudden qualm hath struck me at the heart, 
And dimm'd mine eyes. Shall., 2 Hen. VI., L 1. 64. 
3. Especially, a sudden fit or seizure of sick- 
ness at the stomach ; a sensation of nausea. 
Falstaf. How now, Mistress Doll I 
Hostess. Sick of a calm. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., 11. 4. 40. 
For who without a qualm hath ever look'd 
On holy garbage, though by Homer cook'd? 
Roscommm, Translated Verse. 
4. A scruple or twinge of conscience; com- 
punction ; uneasiness. 
Some seek, when queasy conscience has its qualms, 
To lull the painful malady with alms. 
Cowper, Charity, 1. 447. 
5f. The boding cry of a raven. 
As ravenes qualm, or schrychynge of thise owlis. 
Chaucer, Troilus, v. 382. 
qualm (kwam), v. i. [< qualm, n.] 1. To be 
sick; suffer from qualms. [Rare.] 
Above the rest, 
Let Jesse's sov'reign flow'r perfume my qiutlniiii;/ breast. 
Quarles, Emblems, v. 2. 
2. To cause pain or qualms. 
Solicitude discomposes the head, jealousy the heart; 
envy qualm* on his bowels, prodigality on his purse. 
Gentleman Instructed, p. 660. (Davies.) 
qualmiret (kwal'mlr), . [A var. of quavemire, 
appar. simulating quail 1 , qualm.'] Same as 
quagmire. 
Whosoeuer seketh it in ani other place, and goeth about 
to Bet it out of men's puddels and qualmires, and not out 
of the most pure and cleare fountame itselfe. 
Bp. Gardiner, True Obedience, fol. 9. 
qualmish (kwa'mish), a. [< qualm + -is/A.] 
1. Sick at the stomach ; inclined to vomit; af- 
fected with nausea or sickly languor. 
I am qualmish at the smell of leek. 
Shak., Hen. V., v. 1. 22. 
2. Uneasy. 
Elizabeth was not desirous of peace. She was qualmish 
at the very suggestion. Motley, Hist. Netherlands, 1. 521. 
qualmishly (kwa'mish-li), adv. In a qualmish 
manner. 
qualmishness (kwa'mish-nes), re. The state of 
being qualmish ; nausea. 
quamash (kwa-mash'), . Same as camass. 
quamash-rat (kwa-mash'rat), n. Same as ca- 
mass-rat. 
quamoclit (kwam'o-klit), n. [Mex.] 1. The 
cypress-vine, Ipom&a Quamoclit. 2. [cap.] 
[NL.] A section of the genus Ipomeea, includ- 
ing the cypress-vine, formerly regarded as a 
genus. 
quam proximo (kwam prok'si-me). [L.: qitam, 
as ; proxime, most nearly, < proximus, nearest : 
see proxime.] As near as may be; nearly. 
quandang (kwau'dang), . [Australian.] A 
small Australian tree, Fusanus acuminatus, or 
4892 
its fruit. The hitter, called native peach, is said to be 
almost the only Australian fruit relished by Europeans. 
The kernel of the seed (qtuadinff-mit) as well as the pulp 
is edible. Also qvatttonfl and quantong. 
quandary (kwon'ila-ri or kwon-da'ri), n. ; pi. 
quandaries (-riz). [Origin uukuown ; perhaps 
a dial, corruption (simulating a word of L. 
origin with suffix -ary) of dial, wandreth, evil, 
plight, peril, adversity, difficulty : see icaudreth. 
The change of initial if- to ir/i- (hw-) occurs in 
some dialectal forms, e. g. in ichant, a fre- 
quently heard pron. of want (as, I don't whant 
it). Medial w often suffers dialectal change to 
qu (as in squete for sweet), and instances of the 
change of icli- to qu- are numerous (Sc. qmi. 
quha, for who, quhar for where, etc.). The no- 
tion that quandary comes from F. qu'en dirai-je, 
'what shall I say of it,' is-absurd.] A state of 
difficulty or perplexity ; a state of uncertainty, 
hesitation, or puzzlement ; a pickle ; a predica- 
ment. 
I leaue you to indge ... In what a quatularie . . . Phar- 
icles was brought. Greene, Mamillia. 
That much I fear forsaking of my diet 
Will bring me presently to that quandary 
I shall bid all adieu. 
Beau, and Fl., Knight of Burning Pestle, 1. 1. 
We are in a great quandary what to do. 
Pepys, Diary, L 245. 
quandary (kwon'da-ri or kwon-da'ri), r.; pret. 
and pp. quandaried, ppr. quandaryittg. [< 
quandary, n.] I. trans. To put into aquandary ; 
bring into a state of uncertainty or difficulty. 
Methinks I am quandary'd, like one going with a party 
, 
to discover the enemy's camp, but had lost his guide upon 
the mountains. Otway, Soldier's Fortune, ill. 
H. intrans. To be in a difficulty or uncertain- 
ty; hesitate. 
He quandaries whether to go forward to God, or, with 
Demas, to turn back to the world. 
AVr. T. Adams, Works, I. 506. (Dante*) 
quandy (kwan'di), .; pi. quandies (-diz). [Ori- 
gin obscure.] A duck, the oldwife or south- 
southerly, Harelda glacialis. See cut under 
Harelda. [Massachusetts.] 
quannet (kwan'et), n. [Origin obscure.] 1 . A 
Kind of file, used especially for scraping zinc 
plates for the process denominated anastatic 
printing. Ure. 2. A flat file set in a frame like 
a plane, used in the manufacture of combs. 
Tortoise-shell handles . . . are smoothed with a float or 
single cut file, technically known as a quannet. 
0. Byrne, Artisan's Handbook, p. 410. 
quanon, . Same as kanun. 
quant (kwant), n. [Also quont; < ME. quante, 
whantc, a pole, stick, rod ; cf . kent 1 .] 1 . A walk- 
ing-stick. [Prov. Eng.] 2. A pushing-pole 
with a flat board or cap at one end to prevent it 
from sinking into the mud, used by bargemen; 
also, a jumping-pole, similarly fitted, used in 
marshes. The name is also given to the cap. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
quanta, . Plural of quantum. 
quantativet (kwon'ta-tiv), a. Same as quanti- 
tative. 
The notions of quantity, and of the two most simple dif- 
ferences of qualitative things, rarity and density. 
Sir JT. Digby, Treatise of Bodies (1644), iv. 
quantic (kwon'tik), n. [< L. quantus, how great, 
now much (see quantity), + -ic.] In math., a ra- 
tional integral homogeneous function of two or 
more variables. Quantics are classified according to 
their dimensions, as quadric, cubic, quartic, quintic, etc. , de- 
noting quantics of the second, third, fourth, fifth, etc., de- 
grees. They are further distinguished as binary, ternary, 
quaternary, etc., according as they contain two, three, four, 
etc., variables. The word was introduced by Cayley In 
1854. Order of a quantic, the degree of a quantic. 
The equation of a quantic. See equation. 
quantical (kwon'ti-kal), a. Relating to quan- 
tics. 
quantification (kwon"ti-fi-ka'shon), n. [< NL. 
as if "quantification-), < *quantificare, quantify: 
see quantify.] 1. The act of attaching quan- 
tity to anything: as, the quantification of the 
predicate. 2. The act of determining the quan- 
tity Quantification of the predicate, the attaching 
of the signs of logical quantity, entry and some, to the predi- 
cates of propositions. The resulting prepositional forms, 
according to Hamilton, the protagonist of the opinion that 
this should be done in formal logic, are : All A is all B ; any 
A is not any B; allAissomeB; any A is not some B; some 
A is all B ; some A is not any B ; some A is some B ; some 
A is not some B. But these forms include but one de- 
cidedly useful addition to the usual scheme (all A is all 
BX and are systematic only in appearance, as De Morgan 
has abundantly shown. The doctrine essentially implies 
that the copula should be considered as a sign of identity ; 
the usual doctrine makes it a sign of inclusion. Accord- 
ing to the most modern school of formal logicians, the 
question is not of great importance, but should be de- 
cided against the quantification of the predicate. Aristotle 
examined and rejected the quantification of the predicate, 
quantity 
on the ground that Every A is every B can be true only if 
A and B are one individual. 
The doctrine of the quantijicatwn of the predicate, set 
forth in 1827 by Mr. (ieorge Bentham, and again set forth 
under a numerical form by Professor De Morgan, is a doc- 
trine supplementary to that of Aristotle. 
B. Spencer, Study of Sociol., p. 223. 
quantify (kwon'ti-fi), v. t.; pret. and pp. quan- 
tified, ppr. quantifying. [< NL. "quantificare, 
< L. quaiitiix, how much, how many, + -ficare, 
< facere, make: see quantity and -f'y.] To de- 
termine the quantity of; modify or determine 
with regard to quantity; mark with the sign 
of quantity: as, to quantify a syllable or a 
verse: more especially a term in logic Quan- 
tified proposition. See proposition. 
quantitative (kwon'ti-ta-tiv). a. [= F. quan- 
titatif = Pr. quantitatiii = Sp. cuantitutiro = 
Pg. It. quantitative, < ML. quantitative (Abe- 
lard)^ L. quantita(t-)s, quantity: see quantity.] 
Relating or having regard to quantity or mea- 
surement. 
If the thing may be greater or less, . . . then qntmt;. 
tnti'r, notions enter, and the science must be Mathematical 
in nature. Jeeons, Pol. Econ., Int., p. 8. 
Perhaps the best quantitative verses in our language . . . 
are to be found in Mother Goose, composed by nurses 
wholly by ear and beating time as they danced the baby 
on their knee. Lowell, Study Windows, p. 266. 
The logic of probability Is related to ordinary syllogistic 
as the quantitative to the qualitative branch of the same 
science. C. S. Peirce, Theory of Probable Inference. 
Quantitative analysis, in chem. See analysis. Quan- 
titative atrophy. Same as simple atrophy. Quan- 
titative feet, meters. See accentual feet, under accen- 
tualQuantitative geometry. Same as metric geom- 
etry (which see, under geometry). Quantitative logic, 
the doctrine of probability. 
quantitatively (kwon'ti-ta-tiv-li), adv. In a 
quantitative manner; with' regard to quantity. 
quantitativeness (kwon'ti-ta-tiv-nes), n. The 
state or condition of being quantitative. 
In Geology, in Biology, in Psychology, most of the pre- 
visions are qualitative only ; and where they are quantita- 
tive their qttantitativeness, never quite definite, is mostly 
very indefinite. H. Spencer, Study of Sociol., p. 45. 
quantitivet (kwon'ti-tiv), a. Same as quanti- 
tative. [Rare.] 
Compounding and dividing bodies according to quanti- 
tiw parts. Sir K. Digby, Man's Soul, ill. 
quantitively (kwon'ti-tiv-li), adv. So as to be 
measured by quantity ; quantitatively, 
quantity (kwon'ti-ti), . ; pi. quantities (-tiz). 
[< ME. quantitee',' quantite,< OF. quantite, F. 
quantM = Sp. cantidad = Pg. quantidade = It. 
quantita, < L. quantita(t-)s, relative greatness 
or extent (tr. Gr. irooirrr/t;), < quantus, how much, 
how many, < quam, how, in what manner, < 
gi,who, = E.MiJio: see who, what, how 1 .] 1. The 
being so much in measure or extent; techni- 
cally, the intrinsic mode by virtue of which a 
thing is more or less than another; a system 
of relationship by virtue of which one thing is 
said to be more or less than another ; magni- 
tude. 
Thy zodiak of thin Astralabie is shapen as a compass 
wich that contienith a large brede, as aftur the quantite 
of thin astralabie. Chaucer, Astrolabe, L 21. 
Quantity and number differ only in thought (ratione) 
from that which has quantity and is numbered. 
Descartes, Prin. of Philos. (tr. by Veitch), ii. 8. 
The science of number is founded on the hypothesis of 
the distinctness of things; the science of quantity is 
founded on the totally different hypothesis of continuity. 
W. K. Clifford, Lectures, I. 337. 
2. In the concrete, an object regarded as more 
or less; a quantum; any amount, magnitude, 
or aggregate, in a concrete sense : as, a quan- 
tity of water: sometimes erroneously used to 
denote that which should be enumerated ra- 
ther than measured: as, a quantity of people. 
Any perfectly regular system of objects whose relations 
are definable in advance, and capable of construction in 
the imagination, forms a system of quantity capable of 
being dealt with by mathematical reasoning. The quan- 
tities of the mathematician, being constructed according 
to a definition laid down in advance, are imaginary, and 
In that sense abstract ; but as being objects of the imagi- 
nation, and not merely of the discursive reason, they are 
concrete. Mathematical quantities are either discrete (as 
whole numbers) or continuous. They may also be multi- 
ple, as vectors. 
Thei don rightfulle luggementes in every cause, bothe 
of riche and pore, smale and grete, aftre the quantytee of 
the trespas that is mys don. MandemUe, Travels, p. 287. 
Forty thousand brothers 
Could not, with all their quantity of love, 
Make up my sum. Shak., Hamlet, v. 1. -283. 
There is a farre greater quantity of buildings in this 
[Exchange) then in ours. Coryat, Crudities, I. 212. 
Where the ground is seen burning continually about 
the quantity of an acre. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 19. 
Heat, considered with respect to its power of warming 
things and changing their state, is a quantity strictly ca- 
pable of measurement* and not subject to any variations 
in quality or in kind. Clerk Maxwell, Heat, p. 67. 
