redpoll 
2. The red-polled warbler, or palm-warbler, of 
North America, Deiidrarn /niliiinriini, having a 
chestnut-red poll : more fully called yellow red- 
poll. See pal Hi-ica rblrr. 
red-polled (red'pold), a. Having a red poll, or 
the top of the head red. 
redraft (re-draff), r. t. [< re- + draft.'] To 
draft or draw anew. 
redraft (re-draff), . [< redraft, r.] 1. A sec- 
ond draft or copy. -2. A new bill of exchange 
which the holder of a protested bill draws on 
the drawer or indorsers, by which he reimburses 
to himself the amount of the protested bill with 
costs and charges. 
redraw (re-dra'), . [< re- + draw.] I. trans. 
To draw again ; make a second draft or copy of. 
II. ii< tra HK. In com., to draw a new bill of ex- 
change to meet another bill of the same amount, 
or, as the holder of a protested bill, on the draw- 
er or indorser. 
redress 1 (re-dres'), r. [< ME. redresscn, < OF. 
redrescer, redrecer, redrecier, redresser, F. re- 
dresser, set up again, straighten, < re-, again, + 
dresser, direct, dress: see areas.] I. trans. If. 
To set up or upright; make erect; reerect. 
Right as floures, thorgh the cold of nyghte 
Yclosed, stoupen on her stalkes lowe, 
Redressen hem agein the sonne brighte. 
Chaucer, Troilus, ii. 969. 
2. To set right again ; restore; amend; mend. 
Redresse me, mooder, and me chastise ; 
For certeynly my Faderes chastisinge, 
That dar I nought abiden in no wise. 
Chaucer, A. B. C., 1. 129. 
As broken glass no cement can redress, 
So beauty blemish'd once 's for ever lost. 
Shak., Pass. Pilgrim, 1. 178. 
In yonder spring of roses intermix'd 
With myrtle, find what to redress till noon. 
UiLton, P. L, ix. 219. 
3. To put right, as a wrong; remedy; repair, 
relieve against, as an injury : as, to redress in- 
juries ; to redress grievances. See redress 1 , n., 2. 
And redresse vs the domage that he don has, 
By Paris his proude son, in our prise londis. 
Destruction of Troy(B. E. T. 8.), 1. 4917. 
Orisouns or preyers is for to seyn a pitous wyl of herte 
that redresseth it in God and expresseth it by word out- 
ward to remoeven harmes. Chaucer, Parson's Tale. 
The state of this unconstant world . . . bringeth forth 
daily such new evils as must of necessity by new reme- 
dies be redrest. Hooker, Eccles. Polity, vi. 2. 
Their duty 
And ready service shall redress their needs, 
Not prating what they would be. 
Fletcher, Valentinian, ii. 3. 
He who best knows how to keep his necessities private 
is the most likely person to have them redressed. 
Goldsmith, The Bee, No. 3. 
4. To relieve of anything unjust or oppressive ; 
bestow relief upon ; compensate ; make amends 
to. 
Hedres mans sowle from alle mysery, 
That he may enter the eternal glorye. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 82. 
Will Gaul or Muscovite redress ye ? 
Byron, Childe Harold, ii. 76. 
Il.t iii trans. To rise again; reerect one's 
self. 
Yet like the valiant Palme they did sustaine 
Their peisant weight, redressing vp againe. 
Hudson, tr. of Du Bartas's Judith, ii. 
redress 1 (re-dres'), . [< OF. redresse, redresce, 
redrece, redress; from the verb: see redress 1 , 
v.] If. A setting right again ; a putting into 
proper order; amendment; reformation. 
The redreise of boistrous & sturdie courages by perswa- 
sion. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 19. 
The father, with sharpe rebukes sesoned with Zoning 
lookes, causeth a redresse and amendment in his childe. 
Lyly, Euphues, Anat. of Wit, p. 150. 
For us the more necessary is a speedy redress of our- 
selves. Hooker. 
2. Deliverance from wrong, injury, or oppres- 
sion ; removal of grievances or oppressive bur- 
dens; undoing of wrong; reparation; indem- 
nification. In its most general sense redress includes 
whatever relief can be afforded against injustice, whether 
by putting an end to it, by compensation in damages, by 
punishing the wrong-doer, or otherwise. 
Is not the swoord the most violent redress that may be 
used for any evill? Spenser, State of Ireland. 
Be factious for redress of all these griefs. 
Shak., J. C., i. 3. 118. 
Fair majesty, the refuge and redress 
Of those whom fate pursues and wants oppress. 
Dryden, ^Eneid, i. 838. 
Think not 
But that there is redress where there is wrong, 
Se we are bold enough to seize it. 
Shelley, The Cenci, iii. 1. 
Ring in redress to all mankind. 
Tennyson. In Memoriam, cvi. 
To every one o' my grievances law gave 
Redress. Browning, Ring and Book, I. 237. 
= Syn. 2. Relief, amends, compensation. 
redress 2 (re-dres'), r. t. [< re- + dress.'] To 
dress again, in any sense: as, to redress furni- 
ture or leather; to redress a wound. 
redressal (re-dres'al), n. [< redress 1 + -/.] 
The act of redressing. Imp. Diet. 
redresser (re-dres'er), n. One who gives re- 
dress. 
Don Quixote of the Mancha, the righter of wrongs, the 
redresser of injuries. 
Shelton, Don Quixote, iv. 25. (Latham.) 
redressible (re-dres'i-bl), a. [< redress 1 +-ible.] 
Capable of being redressed. Imp. Diet. 
redressive (re-dres'iv), a. [< redress 1 + -ive.] 
Affording redress ; giving relief. [Rare.] 
Can I forget the generous band 
Who, touch'd with human woe, redressive search'd 
Into the horrors of the gloomy jail? 
Thomson, Winter, 1. 360. 
redressless (re-dres'les), a. [< redress 1 + -less.] 
Without redress or amendment ; without relief. 
redressment (re-dres'ment), n. [< OF. redrece- 
meiit, redresscm'ent, F. redressement; as redress 
+ -ment.] Redress; the act of redressing. 
red-ribbon (red'rib'on), n. The band-fish. 
redrive (re-driy'), v" t. [< re- + drive.] To 
drive back; drive again. Southey. 
red-roan (red'ron), a. See roan 1 . 
red-robin (red'rob"in), . The red-rust, Pucci- 
nia graminis. [Eng.] 
redroot (red'rot), . 1. An American shrub, 
Ceanotlnis Americanus, the New Jersey tea. 
The stems are from 1 to 3 feet high from a dark-red root, 
the leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, the small white flowers 
gathered in rather pretty dense clusters at the ends of 
leafy shoots. The name is more or less extended to other 
members of the genus. 
2. A herbaceous plant, Laclinanthes tinctoria, 
of the Heemodoracese, or bloodwort family, it 
grows in wet sandy places in the eastern United States 
near the coast. It has a simple stem with sword-shaped 
leaves mostly from near the base, and woolly flowers, yel- 
low within, crowded in a dense compound cyme. The root 
is red, and has been used in dyeing. Upon authority ad- 
duced by Darwin ("Origin of Species," ch. i.), the root of 
this plant is fatally poisonous to white pigs which eat it, 
but not to black ; the statement, however, requires con- 
firmation. Also paintroot. 
3. The alkanet, Alkanna tinctoria. 4. One of 
the pigweeds, Amarantus retroflexus. [U. S.] 
redruthite (red'roth-it), . [< Bedruth, in Corn- 
wall, England, + -ite 2 .] Copper-glance: same 
as chalcocite. 
redsear (red'ser), v. i. [< red + sear (?).] 
To break or crack when too hot, as iron under 
the hammer: a word used by workmen. Also 
redshare. 
red-seed (red'sed), n. Small crustaceans, as os- 
tracodes, copepods, etc., which float on the sur- 
face of the sea, and upon which mackerel, men- 
haden, etc., feed. Some red-seed is said to in- 
jure the fish. 
red-shafted (red'shafted), a. Having red 
shafts of the wing- and tail-feathers : specifically 
applied to Colaptes mexicanus, the red-shafted 
woodpecker or Mexican flicker, related to the 
common flicker or yellow-shafted woodpecker. 
It abounds in western North America. 
redshank (red'shangk), n. [< red 1 + shank.] 
1. The fieldfare, Turdus pilaris. [Local, Eng.] 
2. A wading bird of the family Scolopacidss 
and genus Totanus, haying red shanks. The 
common redshank is T. calidris, about 11 inches long, com- 
redstart 
Trisli, in allusion to their dress leaving the legs 
exposed. 
ManuTtinus . . . dooth note the Redshanks and the 
Irish (which are properlie the Scots) to be the onlie enimies 
of our nation. 
Harrison, Descrip. of Britain, p. 6 (Holinshed's Chron., I.). 
And when the Redshanks on the borders by 
Incursions made, and rang'd in battell stood 
To beare his charge, from field he made them die, 
Where flshie Moine |in Galway] did blush with crimson 
blood. Mir. fur Mays. (England's Eliza, St. 106). 
They lay upon the ground covered with skins, as the 
red-shanks do on heather. Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 527. 
Though all the Scottish hinds would not bear to be com- 
pared with those of the rich counties of South Britain, they 
would stand very well in competition with the peasants of 
France, Italy, and Savoy, not to mention the mountaineers 
of Wales, and the red-shanks of Ireland. 
Kmollett, Humphrey Clinker, ii. 41. (Dames.) 
redshanks (red'shangks), . 1. Same as herb- 
roliert. 2. See Polygonum. 
redshare (red'shar), v. i. A variant of redsear. 
red-short (red'sh6rt), a. Noting iron or steel 
when it is of such a character that it is brittle 
at a red heat. 
The former substance [sulphur] rendering the steel 
more or less brittle when hot (red-short or hot-short). 
Encyc. Brit., XIII. 283. 
red-shortness (red'sh6rt"nes), n. In metal., 
the quality or state of being red-short. 
Red-shortness is often the result of the presence of an 
undue proportion of sulphur in the metal. 
W. H. Greenwood, Steel and Iron, p. 10. 
The cold-shortness or red-shortness of iron or steel is 
due principally to an admixture of oxide of iron. 
Sa. Amer., N. S., LX. 408. 
red-Shouldered (red'shoFderd), a. Having 
the "shoulder" that is, the carpal angle or 
bend of the wing red, as a bird. The red-shoul- 
dered blackbird is Agel&us gubernator, common in west- 
ern North America, where it replaces to some extent the 
common red-winged blackbird, from which it differs in 
having the scarlet patch on the wing not bordered with 
buff. The red-shouldered buzzard is Buteo lineatus, one 
of the commonest of the large hawks of the United .States, 
having the lesser wing-coverts reddish when adult. 
Red-Shouldered falcon*, the adult red-shouldered buz- 
zard. 
red-sided (ved'sl"ded), a. Having red on the 
sides : specifically noting the red-winged thrush, 
Turdus iliacus. 
redsides (red'sidz), n. A small cyprinoid fish, 
Notrnpis or Lythrurus ardens, common in the 
streams of the southern United States. Also 
called redfin. 
redskin (red'skin), n. A Red Indian; a North 
American Indian. 
The Virginia frontiersmen were angry with the Penn- 
sylvania traders for selling rifles and powder to the red- 
skins. The Atlantic, LXIV. 819. 
red-spider (red'spl^der), n. A small red mite 
or acarine, Tetranychtts telarins, formerly called 
Acants telaritts, now placed in the family Tetra- 
nychidx : found in conservatories. 
red-Staff (red'staf ), . A millers' straight-edge, 
used in dressing millstones. The true edge, red- 
dened by ocher, is gently rubbed on the stone, and the 
projecting points are thus detected, even when the irregu- 
larity of surface is very minute. 
redstart (red'start), n. [< red 1 + start 1 .] 
One of several entirely different birds which 
have the tail more or less red. (o) A small sylviine 
bird, Ititticilla phwnicura, of Europe, Asia, and Africa, re- 

Redshank ( Toianus calidris]. 
mi in in many parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The spot- 
ted redshank, T.fuscus, is a related species of similar dis- 
tribution. Compare greenshank, ydloicshank. 
3. The hooded or black-headed gull, Chroico- 
i'i'//ltiilns riililiniiiliix : so called from its red legs: 
more fully called rcdxliaiik if/ill and red-l/</< il 
(/nil or nieir. 4. pi. A name given in contempt 
to Scottish Highlanders, and formerly to native 
European Redstart (Ruticilla 
latcd to the redbreast and bluethroat. \\iofretail, red- 
tail, etc. A similar species, Jl. titys or Kthys, is known its 
the black redstart. (6) In the United States, a fly-catching 
warbler, Setophaga rtiticilla, of the family Sylvicolidx 
or Mniotiltidx. The male is lustrous blue-black, with 
white belly and vent, the sides of the breast, the lining of 
the wings, and much of the extent of the wing- and tail- 
feathers fiery orange or flame-color, the bill and feet 
black. The female is mostly plain olivaceous, with the 
parts which are orange in the male clear pale yellow. 
The length is 5J inches, the extent 7ij. This beautiful 
bird abounds in woodland in eastern North America: it 
is migratory and insectivorous, has a singular song, builds 
