reking 
You hassard lesse, re-kinging him, 
Then I vn-king'd to bee. 
Warner, Albion's England, iii. 194. 
rekket, v. A Middle English form of reck. 
reknet, v. A Middle English form of reckon. 
reknowledget (re-nol'ej), v. t. [< re- + knoic- 
ledge.] To confess a knowledge of; acknow- 
ledge. 
But in that you have reknou'ledged Jesus Criste the au- 
tor of saluacion. J. Udall, On John ii. 
Although I goe bescattered and wandering in this 
Courte, I doe not leaue to reknowledge the good. 
Guevara, Letters (tr. by Hellowes, 1577), p. 192. 
relais (re-la'), n. [< F. relais, a space left: see 
relay' 1 .'] In fort., a walk, four or five feet wide, 
left without the rampart, to receive the earth 
which maybe washed down and prevent it from 
falling into the ditch. 
relapsable (re-lap'sa-bl), a. [< relapse + -able.'] 
Capable of relapsing, or liable to relapse. Imp. 
Diet. 
relapse (re-laps'), . . [< L. relapsiis, pp. of 
relabi, slide back, fall back, < re-, back, + lain, 
slip, slide, fall: see lapse, .] 1. To slip or 
slide back; return. 
Agreeably to the opinion of Democritus, the world might 
relapse into its old confusion. 
Bacon, Physical Fables, i., Expl. 
It then remains that Church can only be 
The guide which owns unfailing certainty ; 
Or else you slip your hold and change your side, 
Relapsing from a necessary guide. 
Dryden, Hind and Panther, ii. 486. 
2. To fall back ; return to a former bad state 
or practice ; backslide : as, to relapse into vice 
or error after amendment. 
The oftener he hath relapsed, the more significations 
he ought to give of the truth of his repentance. 
Jer. Taylor. 
But grant I may relapse, for want of grace, 
Again to rhyme. Pope, Imit. of Horace, II. ii. 88. 
3. To fall back from recovery or a convalescent 
state. 
He was not well cured, and would have relapsed. 
Wiseman. 
And now alas for unforeseen mishaps ! 
They put on a damp nightcap, and relapse. 
Cowper, Conversation, 1. 322. 
relapse (re-laps'), w. [< relapse, v.~] 1. A slid- 
ing or falling back, particularly into a former 
evil state. 
Ease would recant 
Vows made in pain, as violent and void, . . . 
Which would but lead me to a worse relapse 
And heavier fall. Milton, P. L., iv. 100. 
2t. One who has ref alien into vice or error; 
specifically, one who returns into error after 
having recanted it. 
As, when a man is falne into the state of an outlaw, the 
lawe dispenseth with them that kils him, & the prince ex- 
cludes him from the protection of a subiect, so, when a 
man is a relaps from God and his lawes, God withdrawes 
his prouidence from watching ouer him, & authorizeth the 
deuil, as his instrument, to assault him and torment him, 
so that whatsoeuer he dooth is limitata potestate, as one 
saith. Ifashe, Pierce Penilesse, p. 84. 
3. In med., the return of a disease or symptom 
during or directly after convalescence. See re- 
crudescence. 
Sir, I dare sit no longer in my waistcoat, nor have any- 
thing worth the danger of a relapse to write. 
Donne, Letters, vi. 
A true relapse [in typhoid] is not merely a recurrence of 
pyrexia, but a return of all the phenomena of the fever. 
Quain, Med. Diet., p. 1683. 
relapser (re-lap'ser), n. One who relapses, as 
into vice or error. 
Of indignation, lastly, at those speculative relapsers that 
have out of policy or guiltinesse abandoned a knowne and 
received truth. Bp. Hall, St. Paul's Combat. 
relapsing (re-lap'sing), p. a. Sliding or falling 
back ; marked by a relapse or return to a former 
worse state Relapsing fever. See/ever*. 
relata, . Plural of relatum. 
relate (re-laf), v. ; pret. and pp. related, ppr. re- 
lating. [< OF. relater, F. relater = Sp. Pg. re- 
latar = It. relatare,<. ML. relatare, refer, report, 
relate, freq. of referre, pp. relatiis, bring back, 
refer, relate : see refer."] I. trans. If. To bring 
back; restore. 
Mote not mislike you also to abate 
Your zealous hast, till morrow next againe 
Both light of heveu and strength of men relate. 
Spenser, F. Q., III. viii. 51. 
2f. To bring into relation; refer. 
Who would not have thought this holy religious father 
worthy to be canonised and related into the number of 
saints. Becon, Works, p. 137. (Haiti-well.) 
3. To refer or ascribe as to a source or origin ; 
connect with ; assert a relation with. 
318 
5057 
There has been anguish enough in the prisons of the 
Ducal Palace, but we know little of it by name, and can- 
not confidently relate it to any great historic presence. 
Uoicells, Venetian Life, i. 
4. To tell; recite; narrate: as, to relate the 
story of Priam. 
When you shall these unlucky deeds relate, 
Speak of me as I am. Shale., Othello, v. 2. 341. 
Misses ! the tale that I relate 
This lesson seems to carry. 
Cowper, Pairing Time Anticipated. 
5. To ally by connection or blood. 
How lov'd, how honour'd once, avails thee not, 
To whom related, or by whom begot. 
Pope, Elegy on an Unfortunate Lady. 
To relate one's self, to vent one's thoughts in words. 
[Rare.] 
A man were better relate himself to a statue or picture 
than suffer his thoughts to pass in smother. 
Bacon, Friendship. 
=Syn. 4. To recount, rehearse, report, detail, describe. 
See account, n. 
II. intruns, 1. To have reference or respect; 
have regard ; stand in some relation ; have some 
understood position when considered in connec- 
tion with something else. 
This challenge that the gallant Hector sends . . . 
Relates in purpose only to Achilles. 
Shale., T. and C., L 3. 323. 
Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves ; vanity 
to what we would have others think of us. 
Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, v. 
It was by considerations relating to India that his 
[Clive'sJ conduct as a public man in England was regu- 
lated. Macaway, tord Clive. 
2f. To make reference; take account. 
Reckoning by the years of their own consecration, with- 
out relating to any imperial account. Fuller. 
3. To have relation or connection. 
There are also in divers rivers, especially that relate to, 
or be near to the sea, as Winchester, or the Thames about 
Windsor, a little Trout called a Samlet. 
/. Walton, Complete Angler, i. 4. 
relate (re-laf), n. [< ML. relatmn, a relate, an 
order, report, neut. of L. relatus, pp. : see relate, 
v.] Anything considered as being in a relation 
to another thing; something considered as be- 
ing the first term of a relation to another thing. 
Also relatum. 
If the relation which agrees to heteronyms has a name, 
one of the two relateds is called the relate: to wit, that 
from which the relation has its name ; the other the cor- 
relate. Burgersdicim. 
Heteronymous, predicamental, etc. , relates. See the 
adjectives. Synonymous relates. See heteronymovs 
relates. Transcendental relates. See predicamental 
relates. 
related (re-la'ted),^>. a. and n. [Pp. of relate, v.] 
I. p. a. i. Recited; narrated. 2. Allied by 
kindred ; connected by blood or alliance, par- 
ticularly by consanguinity: as, a person related 
in the first or second degree. 
Because ye're surnam'd like his grace ; 
Perhaps related to the race. 
Burns, Dedication to Gavin Hamilton. 
3. Standing in some relation or connection : 
as, the arts of painting and sculpture are close- 
ly related. 
No one and no number of a series of related events can 
be the consciousness of the series as related. 
T. H. Green, Prolegomena to Ethics, 16. 
4. In music : (a) Of tones, belonging to a me- 
lodic or harmonic series, so as to be susceptible 
of close connection. Thus, the tones of a scale when 
taken in succession are melodically related, and when 
taken in certain sets are harmonically related. See rela- 
tion, 8. (J) Of chords and tonalities, same as 
relative. 
II. t n. Same as relate. [Bare.] 
Relateds are reciprocated. That is, every related is re- 
ferred to a reciprocal correlate. 
Burgersdicius, tr. by a Gentleman, i. 7. 
relatedness (re-la'ted-nes), n. The state or 
condition of being related ; affinity. 
We are not strong by our power to penetrate, but by our 
relatedness. The world is enlarged for us, not by new ob- 
jects, but by finding more affinities and potencies in those 
we have. Emerson, Success. 
relater (re-la'ter), n. [< relate + -eel.] One 
who relates, recites, or narrates; a historian. 
Also relator. 
Her husband the relater she preferr'd 
Before the angel, and of him to ask 
Chose rather. Maton, P. L., viii. 52. 
relation (re-la'shon), 11. [< ME. relation, rela- 
cion, < OF! relation, F. relation = Pr. relation 
= Sp. relacion = Pg. relaq&o = It. relazione, < 
L. relatio(n-), a carrying back, bringing back, 
restoring, repaying, a report, proposition, mo- 
tion, hence a narration, relation, also reference, 
regard, respect, < referre, pp. relatiis, refer, re- 
relation 
late : see refer, .relate.] 1. The act of relating 
or telling; recital; narration. 
He schalle telle it anon to his Conseille, or discovere it 
to sum men that wille make relacioun to the Emperour. 
Mandeuttle, Travels, p. 235. 
I shall never forget a story of our host Zachary, who on 
the relation of our perill told us another of his owne. 
Evelyn, Diary, Oct. 16, 1644. 
I remember to have heard an old gentleman talk of the 
civil wars, and in his relation give an account of a general 
officer. Steele, Spectator, Jio. 497. 
2. That which is related or told ; an account ; 
narrative : formerly applied to historical nar- 
rations or geographical descriptions: as, the 
Jesuit Relations. 
Sometime the Countrie of Strabo, to whom these our 
Relations are so much indebted. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 320. 
Oftimes relations heertofore accounted fabulous have 
bin after found to contain in them many foot-steps and 
reliques of somthing true. Milton, Hist. Eng., i. 
Political and military relations are for the greater part 
accounts of the ambition and violence of mankind. 
Burke, Abridg. of Eng. Hist. 
3. A character of a plurality of things ; a fact 
concerning two or more things, especially and 
more properly when it is regarded as a predi- 
cate of one of the things connecting it with the 
others; the condition of being such and such 
with regard to something else: as, the relation 
of a citizen to the state ; the relation of demand 
and supply. Thus, suppose a locomotive blows off 
steam ; this fact constitutes a relation between the loco- 
motive and the steam so far as the "blowing " is conceived 
to be a character of the locomotive, and another relation 
so far as the "being blown " is conceived as a character of 
the steam, and both these relations together are embraced 
In the same relationship, or plural fact. This latter, also 
often called a relation, is by logicians called the founda- 
tion of the relation. The two or more subjects or things 
to which the plural fact relates are termed the relates or 
correlates; the one which is conceived as subject is spe- 
cifically termed the subject of the relation, or the relate ; 
the others the correlates. Words naming things in their 
character as relates are called relatives, as father, cousin. 
A set of relatives referring to the same relationship ac- 
cording as one or another object is taken as the relate are 
called correlatives: such are buyer, seller, commodity, 
price. The logical nomenclature of relations depends on 
the consideration of individual relations, or relations sub- 
sisting between the individuals of a single set of corre- 
lates, as opposed to general relations, which, really or in 
conception, subsist between many such sets. Relations are 
either dual that is, connecting couples of objects, as in 
the examples above or plural that is, connecting more 
than two correlates, as the relation of a buyer to the 
seller, the thing bought, and the price. Every individual 
dual relation is either a relation of a thing to itself or a 
relation of a thing to something else. Logical relations are 
those which are known from logical reflection : opposed 
to real relations, which are known by generalization and 
abstraction from ordinary observations. The chief logi- 
cal relations are those of incompossiMKty, coexistence, 
identity, and otherness. Real dual relations are of five 
classes: (1) differences or aKo-relations, being relations 
which nothing can bear to itself, as being greater than ; 
(2) sibi-relations or concurrencies, being relations which 
nothing can bear to anything else, as self-consciousness ; 
(3) agreements, or relations which everything bears to it- 
self, as similarity ; (4) relations which everything bears 
to everything else, which may be called distances; and 
(5) variform relations, which some things only bear to 
themselves, and which subsist between some pairs of 
things only. Other divisions of relations are important in 
logic, as the following. An iterative or repeating relation 
is such that a thing may at once be in that relation and 
its converse to the same or different things, as the relation 
of father to son, or spouse to spouse : opposed to ajinial 
or non-repeating relation, as that of husband to wife. An 
equiparance or convertible relation, opposed to a disquipa- 
rance or inconvertible relation, is such that, if anything 
is in that relation to another, the latter is in the same re- 
lation to the former, as that of cousins. A relation which 
cannot subsist between two things reciprocally, as that of 
greater and less, may be called an irreciprocable relation, 
opposed to a reciprocable relation, which admits recipro- 
cation as possible merely. A relation such that if A is so 
related to B, and B so related to C, then A is so related to 
C, is called a transitive, in opposition to an intransitive re- 
lation. A relation such that if A is so related to some- 
thing else, C, there is a third thing, B, which is so related 
to C, and to which A is so related, is called a concatenated, 
In opposition to an inconcatenated relation. A relation 
subsisting between objects in an endless or self-returning 
series is called an inexhaitstible, in opposition to an ex- 
haustible relation. It there is a self-returning series, the 
relation is termed cyclic, in opposition to acyclic. A transi- 
tive relation such that of any two objects of a certain cate* 
gory one has this relation to the other may be called a 
linear relation; and the series of objects so formed may 
be called the line of the relation. According as this is 
continuous or discontinuous, finite or infinite, and in the 
latter case discretely or absolutely, these designations 
may be applied to the relation. According to the nora- 
inalistic (including the conceptualistic) view, a relation is 
a mere product of the mind. Adding to this doctrine that 
of the relativity of knowledge, that we know only relations, 
Kant reached his conclusion that things in themselves are 
absolutely incognizable. But most Kantian students come 
to deny the existence of things in themselves, and so reach 
an idealistic realism which holds relations to be as real as 
any facts. The realistic view is expressed in the dictum 
of Scotus that every relation without which, or a term of 
which, its foundation cannot be is. in the thing (realiter), 
identical with that foundation that is, what really is is 
