renewable 
renewable (re-nu'a-bl), a. [< rewic + -able.] 
Capable of being renewed: as, a Icnsc rnn-ir- 
alilc at pleasure. 
renewal (re-nu'al), H. [< renew + -/.] The 
act of renewing, or of forming anew. 
One of those reneicttt* of our constitution. 
BoKllybroke, On Parties, xviii. 
Such originality as we all share with the morning and 
the spring-time and other endless renewals. 
Georye Eliot, Middlemarch, xxii. 
Renewal Sunday, a popular name for the second Sunday 
after Easter : so called because of the post-communion of 
the mass, according to the Sarum rite, formerly used on 
that day. 
renewedly (re-nu'ed-li), adr. Again ; anew : 
once more. [Rare.] Imp. Diet. 
renewedness (re-nu'ed-nes), n. The state of 
being renewed. ' 
The Apostle here [Gal. vi, ] shewethe unprofitableness of 
all these [ceremonies], and sets up an inward sanctity and 
reneiredness of heart against them all. 
Hammond, Works, IV. 663. 
renewer (re-nu'er), it. One who renews. See 
bounder, 3. 
The restfull place, renuer of my smart. 
Wyatt, Complaint vpon Loue. 
renewing (re-nu'ing), . [< ME. renewyng; 
verbal n. of renew, v.~] The act or process of 
making new again, in any sense. 
Be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind. 
Rom. xii. 2. 
renewlt, v. Same as renovel. 
reneyet, Same as rent/. 
renfierset, < * [Appar. a var., but simulating 
fierce, of renforce, reinforce.'} To reinforce. 
Whereat renfterst with wrath and sharp regret, 
He stroke so hugely with his borrowd blade 
That it empierst the Pagans burganet. 
Spenser, F. Q., II. viii. 45. 
renforcet, v- t. An obsolete form of reinforce. 
rengt, . An obsolete form of rungV. 
renge 1 !, A Middle English form of rank*. 
renge 2 t, An obsolete form of range. 
reman tt, . [< OF. reniant, ppr. of renter, deny : 
see reny and renegate."] A renegade. Testament 
of Love. 
renicapsular (ren-i-kap'su-lar), a. [< renicap- 
suJe + -ar 3 .] Pertaining to the suprarenal 
capsules ; adrenal. Also reniglandular. 
renicapsule (ren-i-kap'sul), n. [< L. ren, kid- 
ney, + NL. capsula, capsule: see capsule.] The 
adrenal or suprarenal capsule. 
renicardiac (reu-i-kar'di-ak), a. [< L. ren, kid- 
ney, + cardiacus, cardiac : see cardiac.'] Per- 
taining to the renal and cardiac organs of a 
mollusk; renipericardial : as, the renicardiac 
orifice. 
reniculus (re-nik'u-lus), 11. ; pi. renicuU (-li). 
[LL., dim. of ren, kidney: see ren s , reins."] In 
cntom., a small renifprm or kidney-shaped spot. 
renidificatiqn (re-nid"i-fi-ka'shon), n. [< re- 
nidify + -ation (see -fication).] Renewed nidi- 
fication ; the act of nidifying again, or building 
another nest. 
renidify (re-nid'i-fi), r. ('. 
make another nest. 
reniform (ren'i-form), a. 
forma, form.] 
Having the 
form or shape 
of the human 
kidney; kidney- 
form ; beau- 
shaped; in bot. 
(when said of 
flat organs), 
having the out- 
line of a longi- 
tudinal section 
through a kidney (see cut under kidney-shaped). 
Reniform spot, a large kidney-shaped spot on the 
wing of a noctnid moth, near the center. It is rarely ab- 
sent in this family. 
renig (re-nig'), v. t. A form of renege (II., 2). 
[U. S.] 
reniglandular (ren-i-glan'du-lar), a. [< L. ren, 
kidney, + NL. glandula, glandule, + -or 3 .] 
Same as renicapsular. 
renipericardial (ren-i-per-i-kar'di-al), . [< L. 
ren, kidney, + NL. pericardium : 'see pericar- 
dial.~] Pertaining to the nephridium and the 
pericardium of a mollusk: as, a renipericardial 
communication. Also, less properly, rcnoperi- 
cardial. E. E. Lankester. 
reniportal (ren-i-por'tal), (i. [< L. ren, kidney, 
+ porta, gate : see portal*.] In zool. and anat., 
noting the portal venous system of the kidneys, 
an arrangement by which venous blood circu- 
lates in the capillaries of the kidneys before 
[< re- + nidify.] To 
[< L. ren, kidney, + 
Renifonn Structure. Hematite. 
reaching the heart, as it does in those of the 
liver by means of the hepatic portal system. 
See portal rein, under portal 1 . 
renisexual (ren-i-sek'su-al), n. [< L. ren, kid- 
ney, + LL. sexitalis, sexual.] Combining the 
functions of a renal and a sexual organ, as the 
nephridium of mollusks. 
renitence (ren'i-tens or re-nl'tens), n. [< OF. 
renitence, F. renitence, resistance, = Sp. Pg. 
renitencia = It. renitema, < ML. "renitentia, < L. 
reniten(t-)s, resistant: see renitent.~\ Same as 
renitency. 
Out of indignation, and an excessive renitetice, not sep- 
arating that which is true from that which is false. 
Wollaston, Religion of Nature. (Latham.) 
renitency (ren'i- or re-ni'ten-si), n. [As reui- 
tcnce (see -cy).] 1. The resistance of a body 
to pressure; the effect of elasticity. 2. Moral 
resistance; reluctance; disinclination. 
Nature has form'd the mind of man with the same happy 
backwardness and renitency against conviction which is 
observed in old dogs "of not learning new tricks." 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, iii. 34. 
renitent (ren'i-tent or re-ni'tent), a. [< OF. 
renitent, F. renitent = Sp. Pg. ft. renitente, < L. 
reniten(t-)s, ppr. of reniti, strive or struggle 
against, resist, < re-, back, + niti, struggle: 
see reistts 1 .] 1. Resisting pressure or the effect 
of it ; acting against impulse by elastic force. 
To me it seems most probable that it is done by an in- 
flation of the muscles, whereby they become both soft and 
yet renitent, like so many pillows. 
Ray, Works of Creation, ii. 
2. Persistently opposing. 
renfcif, See rink 1 . 
renk 2 t, n. An obsolete form of rank 2 . Nomi- 
nale MS. 
rennet, rennert. Middle English forms of run 1 , 
runner. 
rennelesset, . [ME.: see rennet 1 .'] Same as 
rennet 1 . 
rennet 1 (ren'et), w. [Early mod. E. renet; also 
dial, runnet, < ME. renet, var. of *renel, *rennels, 
rennelesse, renels, renlys, rendlys (= MD. rinsel, 
runsef), rennet, < rennen, run: see run 1 .] 1. 
The fourth stomach of a calf prepared for 
curdling milk; the rennet-bag. 2. Anything 
used to curdle milk. 
It is likely enough that Gallum, or, as it is popularly 
called, lady's bedstraw, is still used as rennet in some 
neighbourhoods, its use having formerly been common all 
over England, especially in Cheshire. 
N. and Q., 7th ser., VIIL 231. 
rennet 1 (ren'et), v. t. [< rennet 1 , n.~\ To mix 
or treat with rennet. 
Come thou not neere those men who are like bread 
O're-leven'd, or like cheese o're-renetted. 
Herrick, To His Booke. 
rennet 2 (ren'et), . [Formerly also renat, ren- 
ate (simulating renate 1 , as if in allusion to 
grafting) (= D. renet = G. renette = Sw. renelt 
= Dan. reinette), < F. reinette, rainette, a pip- 
pin, rennet; either (a) < OF. reinette, roynette, 
a little queen (a name given to meadow-sweet), 
dim. of reine, < L. reginn, queen; fern, of rex 
(reg-), king (see rex)-, or (6) < OF. rainette, a 
little frog (because, it is supposed, the apple 
was speckled like the skin of a frog), dim. of 
raine, a frog, < L. rana, a frog: see Sana 1 .'] A 
kind of apple, said to have been introduced into 
England in the reign of Henry VIII. Also called 
rennetirif/. 
Pippins graff ed on a pippin stock are called renates, bet- 
tered in their generous nature by such double extraction. 
Fuller, Worthies, Lincolnshire, II. 264. 
There is one sort of Pippin peculiar to this Shire (Lin- 
colnshire], growing at Kirton and thereabouts, and from 
thence called Kirton-Pippin, which is a most wholesome 
and delicious Apple, both which being grafted on their own 
Stock are much bettered, and then called Renates. 
T. Coxe, Magna Britannia (Lincolnshire), p. 1457 (an. 
[1720). 
rennet-bag (ren'et-bag), ii. The abomasum, or 
fourth stomach of a ruminant. Also called 
reed. 
rennet-ferment (ren'et-fer"ment), n. The fer- 
ment of the gastric juice of young ruminants, 
which coagulates casein. 
renneting (ren'et-ing), n. [< rennet? + -ing'*.] 
Same as reniieft. 
rennet-whey (reii'et-hwa), n. The serous part 
of milk, separated from the caseous by means 
of rennet. It is used in pharmacy. 
rennet-wine (ren'et-wm), . A vinous extract 
of dried rennet. 
renniblet, Same as reliable. 
renning (ren'ing), n. [< ME. rennynge, a stream 
(not found in sense 'rennet'), < AS. "rinning, 
rynning (= D. renninge), rennet, lit. ' a running,' 
verbal n. of rinnan, run: see run 1 , running, and 
renounce 
cf. renint^, niiniet.'] If. Same as riiiinittij. 2. 
Rennet. Hit ret. [Obsolete or prov. Eng.j 
rennish (ren'ish), a. [< ME. renysche, fierce; 
prob. of OF. origin.] Furious; passiomitc. 
HaUiicell. [Prov. Eng.J 
Than has sire Dary dedeyne and derfely he lokes ; 
Rysys him up remjKche and regt in his sete. 
King Alexander, p. 100. 
rennishly (ren'ish-li), adv. [< ME. renyselily; 
< rennish + -fy 2 -] Fiercely; furiously. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
The fyste with the fyngeres that flayed thi hert, 
That rasped renyschly the woje with the roj penne. 
Alliterative Poems (ed. Morris), ii. 1724. 
renomet, renomedt. Middle English forms of 
renown, renowned. 
renomeet, [ME., < OF. renommee,F. renom- 
mee, renown: see renown.'] Renown. 
For gentilesse nys but renmnee 
Of thyne auncestres for hire heigh bountee, 
Which is a strange thyng to thy persone. 
Chaucer, Wife of Bath's Tale, 1. 303. 
renominate (re-nom'i-nat), v. t. [< re- + nom- 
inate.] To nominate again or anew. 
renomination (re-nom-i-na'shon), re. [< renom- 
inate + -ion.] The act of nominating again or 
anew; a repeated nomination. 
renont, n. A Middle English variant of renown. 
renopericardial (ren-6-per-i-kar'di-al), a. 
Same as renipericardial. Huxley and Martin, 
Elementary Biology, p. 284. 
renoumt, renoumedt. Obsolete forms of re- 
nown, renowned. 
renount, n. An obsolete form of renown. 
renounce (re-nouns'), v. ; pret. and pp. re- 
nounced, ppr. renouncing. [< ME. renouncen, 
renonsen, < OF. renoncnier, renuncer, renoncer, 
F. renoncer = Pr. Sp. Pg. renunciar = It. n- 
nunziare, renunziare, renounce, < L. renttntiare, 
reminciare, bring back a report, also disclaim, 
renounce, <! re-, back, + nuntiare, nunciare, 
bring a message, < mmtins, a messenger: see 
nuncio. Cf. announce, denounce, enounce, pro- 
nounce.] I. trans. 1. To declare against ; dis- 
own; disclaim ; abjure ; forswear ; refuse to 
own, acknowledge, or practise. 
My ryght I renonse to that rynk sone. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 13629. 
Minister. Dost thou renounce the devil and all his works, 
the vain pomp and glory of the world, . . . and the sinful 
desires of the flesh . . . ? 
Ansirer. I renounce them all; and, by God's help, will 
endeavour not to follow nor be led by them. 
Boot of Common Prayer, Bapt ism of t hose of Riper Years. 
It is impossible to conceive that a whole nation of men 
should all publicly reject and renounce what every one of 
them, certainly and infallibly, knew to be a law. 
Locke, Human Understanding, I. iii. 11. 
2. To cast off or reject, as a connection or 
possession; forsake. 
She that had renounc'd 
Her sex's honour was renounc'd herself 
By all that priz'd it. Camper, Task, iii. 76. 
The conditions of earthly existence were renounced, 
rather than sanctined, in the religious ideal [of the medi- 
eval church]. Gladstone, Might of Right, p. 208. 
He only lives with the world's life 
Who hath renounced his own. 
M. Arnold, Stanzas in memory of the Author of Obermann. 
3. In card-playing, to play (a suit) different 
from what is led : as. he renounced spades. 
= Syn. Renounce, Recant, Abjure, Forswear, Retract, Re- 
volte, Recall, abandon, forsake, quit, forego, resign, re- 
linquish, give up, abdicate, decline, cast otf, lay down. 
Renounce, to declare strongly, with more or less of for- 
mality, that we give up some opinion, profession, or pur- 
suit forever. Thus, a pretender to a throne may renounce 
his claim. Recant, to make publicly known that we give 
up a principle or belief formerly maintained, from con- 
viction of its erroneousness ; the word therefore implies 
the adoption of the opposite belief. Abjure, forsivear, 
literally to renounce upon oath, and, metaphorically, with 
protestations and utterly. They do not necessarily imply 
any change of opinion. Retract, to take back what has 
been once given or made, as a pledge, an accusation. 
Revoke, to take back that which has been pronounced by 
an act of authority, as a decree, a command, a grant. Re- 
call, the most general word for literal or figurative calling 
back : as, to recall an expression. Forswear is somewhat 
out of use. A man may renounce his birthright, forstvear 
a habit, recant his professions, abjure his faith, retract his 
assertions, revoke his pledges, recall his promises. 
II. intrants. If. To declare a renunciation. 
He of my sons who fails to make It good 
By one rebellious act renounces to my blood. 
Dryden, Hind and Panther, iii. 143. 
2. In card-games in which the rule is to follow 
suit, to play a card of a different suit from that 
led ; in a restricted sense, to have to play a card 
of another suit when the player has no card of 
the suit led. Compare revoke. 
renounce (re-nouns'), n. [< F. reliance = Sp. 
Pg. renuiicia = It. rinun:ia, a renounce; from 
