reprehensibleness 
reprehensibleness ( rep-re-hen' si-bl-nes), >i. 
The character of being reprehensible ; blama- 
bleness ; culpableness. 
reprehensibly (rep-re-hen'si-bli), adr. With 
reprehension, or so as to merit it; culpably; 
in a manner to deserve censure or reproof. 
reprehension (rep-re-hen'shon), H. [< ME. rep- 
rehension, < OF. reprehension, F. reprehension = 
Pr. reprehensio, reprencio = Sp. reprension, re- 
prehension = Pg. repreliensSo = It. riprenximir, 
< L. reprehensio(n-), < reprehendere, pp. rcpre- 
hensus, reprehend : see reprehend.] The act of 
reprehending; reproof; censure; blame. 
Let him use his harsh 
Unsavoury reprehensions upon those 
That are his hinds, and not on roe. 
Fletcher, Spanish Curate, I. 1. 
We have . . . characterised in terms of just reprehen- 
sion that spirit which shows itself in every part of his pro- 
lix work. Macaulay, Sadler's Ref. Refuted. 
= Syn. Monition, etc. See admonition. 
reprehensive (rep-re-hen'siv), . [= It. ripren- 
siro; as L. reprehensus, pp. of reprehendere, 
reprehend, + -ice.] Of the nature of reprehen- 
sion ; containing reprehension or reproof. 
The said auncient Poeta vsed . . . three kinds of poems 
reprehensiue : to wit, the Satyre, the Comedie, <ft the Tra- 
gedie. Piittmham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 24. 
The sharpenesse 
Of reprehenrim language. 
Marston, The Fawne, i. 2. 
reprehensively (rep-re-hen'siv-li), adv. With 
reprehension ; reprovingly. 
reprehensory (rep-re-hen'so-ri), . [< L. repre- 
hensus, pp. of rejireliendere, reprehend, + -ory.\ 
Containing reproof ; reproving. 
Of this, however, there is no reason for making any rep- 
rehensory complaint. Johnson. 
repremiationt, . [< OF. repremiation, reward- 
ing, < L. re-, back, + pramiari, reward, < pre- 
mium, reward: see premium.'] A rewarding. 
Cotgrare. 
represent (rep-re-zenf), r. t. [< ME. rejirr- 
senten, < OF. representer, F. representer = Pr. 
Sp. Pg. representnr = It. ripresentare, rapprc- 
sentare, < L. reprsesentan; bring before one, 
show, manifest, exhibit, represent, pay in cash, 
do or perform at once, < re-, again, + prsescn- 
tare, present, hold out: see present 2 .] 1. To 
present again ; specifically, to bring again be- 
fore the mind. Sir W. Hamilton. 
Reasoning grasps at infers represent* under new 
circumstances what has already been presented under 
other circumstances. 
G. H. Lewes, Probs. of Life and Mind, II. 169. 
When we perceive an orange by sight we may say that 
its taste or feel is represented, when we perceive it by 
touch we may in like manner say that its colour is re- 
presented. J. Ward, Encyc. Brit., XX. 67. 
2. To present in place of something else; ex- 
hibit the image or counterpart of; suggest by 
being like ; typify. 
This fellow here, with envious carping tongue, 
I'pbraided me about the rose I wear ; 
Saying, the sanguine colour of the leaves 
Did represent my master's blushing cheeks. 
Shall., 1 Hen. VI., iv. 1. 98. 
They have a kind of Cupboard to represent the Taber- 
nacle. Howett, Letters, I. vi. 14. 
Before him burn 
Seven lamps, as in a zodiac representing 
The heavenly Ores. Milton, P. L., xii. 255. 
The call of Abraham from a heathen state represent* 
the gracious call of Christians to forsake the wickedness 
of the world. W. Gilpin, Works, II. xvi. 
3. To portray by pictorial or plastic art. 
My wife desired to be represented as Venus, and the 
painter was requested not to be too frugal of his diamonds. 
Goldsmith, Vicar, xvi. 
The other bas-reliefs in the Raj Rani cave represent 
scenes of hunting, lighting, dancing, drinking, and love- 
making anything, in fact, but religion or praying in any 
shape or form. J. Fer/russon, Hist. Indian Arch., p. 14i 
4. To portray, present, or exhibit dramatically, 
(a) To put upon the stage ; produce, as a play. 
An Italian opera entitled Lucio Papirio Dittatore was 
represented four several times. 
Burney, Hist. Music, IV. 362. 
(6) To enact ; personate ; present by mimicry or action. 
He so entirely associated himself with the characters 
he represented on the stage that he lost himself in them, 
or rather they were lost in him. 
J. H. Shorthouse, Countess Eve, i. 
5. To state; describe or portray in words; 
give one's own impressions, idea, or judgment 
of; declare; set forth. 
This bank is thought the greatest load on the Oeuoese, 
and the managers of it have been represented as a second 
kind of senate. Addison. 
The Jesuits strongly represented to the king the danger 
which he had so narrowly escaped. 
Macaulay, Hist. Eng., vi. 
5088 
6. To supply the place or perform the duties 
or functions of; specifically, to speak and act 
with authority on behalf of ; be a substitute for, 
or a representative of or agent for. 
I ... deliver up my title in the queen 
To your most gracious hands, that are the substance 
Of that great shadow I did represent. 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., i. 1. 14. 
Ve Irish lords, ye knights an' squires, 
Wha represent our brughs and shires, 
An' doucely manage our affairs 
In Parliament 
Burns, Author's Cry and Prayer. 
7. Specifically, to stand in the place of, in the 
right of inheritance. 
All the branches inherit the same share that their root, 
whom they represent, would have done. 
Blackstane, Com., II. xiv. 
8. To serve as a sign or symbol of; stand for; 
be understood as: as, mathematical symbols 
represent quantities or relations; words repre- 
sent ideas or things. 
But we must not attribute to them [constitutions] that 
value which really belongs to what they represent. 
Macaulay, Utilitarian Theory of Government. 
He [the farmer] represents continuous hard labor, year 
in, year out, and small gains. Emerson, Farming. 
Vortimer, the son of Vortigern, Aurelius Ambrosius. 
and Uther Pendragon represent in some respects one and 
the same person. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), Pref., p. iii. 
9. To serve as a type or specimen of; exem- 
plify ; furnish a case or instance of: as, a genus 
represen ted by few species ; a species represen ted 
by many individuals; especially, in zoogeog., 
to replace; fill the part or place of (another) in 
any given fauna: as, llamas represent camels 
in the New World ; the Old World starlings are 
represented in America by the Icteridse. See 
mimotypc. 
As we ascend in the geological series, vertebrate life has 
its commencement, beginning, like the lower forms, in 
the waters, and represented at firbt only by the fishes. 
J. W. Dawson, Nat. and the Bible, Lect. iv., p. 122. 
10. To image or picture in the mind ; place 
definitely before the mind. 
By a distinct, clear, or well-defined concept is meant 
one in which the several features or characters forming 
the concept-elements are distinctly represented. 
J. Svlly, Outlines of Psychol., p. 383. 
Among these Fancy next 
Her ofttce holds ; of all external things, 
Which the five watchful senses represent, 
She forms imaginations, aery shapes. 
Milton, P. L., v. 104. 
To represent an object is to "envisage" it in time and 
space, and therefore in conformity with the conditions of 
time and space. Caird, Philos. of Kant, p. 437. 
= Syn. 2. To show, express. 3 and 4. To delineate, de- 
pict, draw. 
representt (rep-re-zenf), . [< represent, r.] 
Representation. [Bare.] 
Their Churches are many of them well set forth, and 
painted with the represents of Saints. 
Sandys, Travailes (1632), p. 64. 
representability (rep-re-zen-ta-bil'i-ti), . [< 
representable + -ity (see -bility)."] The character 
of being representable, or of being susceptible 
of representation. 
representable (rep-re-zen'ta-bl), . [= F. re- 
presentable = Sp. representable = Pg. rcpresenta- 
vel = It. rappresentabile ; as represent + -able.] 
Capable of being represented. 
representamen (rep"re-zen-ta'men), . [< NL. 
*repnesentamen, < L. reprsesentare, represent: 
see represent.'] In metapli., representation; an 
object serving to represent something to the 
mind. Sir W. Hamilton. 
representancet (rep-re-zen'tans), n. [= It. rap- 
presentanza; as representan(t) + -ce.~\ Repre- 
sentation; likeness. 
They affirm foolishly that the images and likenesses 
they frame of stone or of wood are the representances and 
forms of those who have brought something profitable, by 
their inventions, to the common use of their living. 
Donne, Hist, of the Septuagint, p. 93. 
representant (rep-re-zen'tant), a. and n. [< F. 
representant, ppr. of representer, represent, = 
Sp. Pg. ppr. representante = It. ripresentante, 
rappresentante, < L. reprsesentan(t-)s, ppr. of re- 
nrxsentare, represent: see represent?] I. . 
Representing; having vicarious power. 
II. n. A representative. 
There is expected the Count Henry of Nassau to be at 
the said solemnity, as the representant of his brother. 
Wotton. 
representation (rep"re-zen-ta'shon), . [< OF. 
representation, F. representation = Pr. represen- 
tacio = Sp. representation = Pg. representuqao 
= It. rappresentazione, < L. reprfesentatio(n-), a 
showing, exhibiting, manifesting, < rcprsesen- 
tare, pp. repreesentatus, represent: see repre- 
representation 
sent.] 1. Theactof presenting again. 2. The 
act of presenting to the mind or the view; the 
act of portraying, depicting, or exhibiting, as 
in imagination, in a picture, or on the stage; 
portrayal. 
The act of Representation is merely the energy of the 
mind in holding up to its own contemplation what it is 
determined to represent. I distinguish, as essentially 
different, the Representation and the determination to 
represent. Sir W. Hamilton, Metaphysics, xxiv. 
The author [Thomas Bently] . . . sent this piece ("The 
Wishes "] first U> Garrick, who very properly rejected it as 
unfit for representation. 
W. Cooke, Memoirs of S. Foote, I. 63. 
3. The image, picture, or scene presented, de- 
picted, or exhibited, (a) A picture, statue, or likeness. 
(6) A dramatic performance or exhibition ; hence, theatri- 
cal action ; make-believe. 
The inference usually drawn is that his [a widower's] 
grief was pure mummery and representation. 
Godwin, Fleetwood, vii. 
4. A statement or an assertion made in regard to 
some matter or circumstance ; a verbal descrip- 
tion or statement: as, to obtain money by false 
representations. Specifically-(a)Inniuroncandtaw, 
a verbal or written statement made on the part of the in- 
sured to the insurer, before or at the time of the making 
of the contract, as to the existence of some fact or state of 
facts tending to induce the insurer more readily to as- 
sume the risk, by diminishing the estimate he would other- 
wise have formed of it. It differs from a warranty and 
from a condition expressed in the policy, in being part of 
the preliminary proceedings which propose the contract, 
and its falsity does not vitiate the contract unless made 
with fraudulent intent or perhaps with respect to a mate- 
rial point ; while the latter are part of the contract when 
completed, and non-compliance therewith is an express 
breach which of itself avoids the contract. (6) In Scots 
law, the written pleading presented to a lord ordinary of 
the Court of Session when his judgment is brought un- 
der review. 
6. An expostulatory statement of facts, argu- 
ments, or the like; remonstrance. 
He threatened "to send his jack boot to rale the coun- 
try," when the senate once ventured to make a representa. 
tioH against his ruinous policy. Brougham. 
6. In ptrychol., the word chiefly used to translate 
the German Vorstcllung, used in that language 
to translate the English word idea. See idea, 
2 and 3. (a) The immediate object of cognition ; any- 
thing that the soul is conscious of. This is now the com- 
monest meaning of Vorstellung, and recent translators 
have most frequently rendered it by the word idea. (6) A 
reproduced perception. 
The word representation I have restricted to denote, 
what it only can in propriety express, the immediate ob- 
ject or product of imagination. 
Sir W. Hamilton, Logic, viL 
If all reasoning be the re-presentation of what is now 
absent but formerly was present and can again be made 
present in other words, if the test of accurate reasoning 
is its reduction to fact then is it evident that Philosophy, 
dealing with transcendwital objects which cannot be pres- 
ent, and employing a method which admits of no verifica- 
tion (or reduction to the test of fact), must be an impos- 
sible attempt. G. H. Lewes. 
It is quite evident that the growth of perception involves 
representation of sensations ; that the growth of simple 
reasoning involves representation of perceptions ; and that 
the growth of complex reasoning involves representation 
of the results of simple reasoning. 
H. Spencer, Prin. of Psychol., 482. 
Assimilation involves retentiveness and differentiation, 
as we have seen, and prepares the way for re-presentation; 
but in itself there is no confronting the new with the old, 
no determination of likeness, and no subsequent classifi- 
cation. J. Ward, Encyc. Brit., XX. 63. 
(r) A singular conception ; a thought or idea of something 
as having a definite place in space at a definite epoch In 
time ; the image of an object produced in consciousness, 
(d) A representative cognition ; a mediate or vicarious 
cognition. 
A mediate cognition, inasmuch aa the thing known is 
held up or mirrored to the mind in a vicarious representa. 
(ion, may be called a representative cognition. 
Sir W. Hamilton, Reid's Works, Note B, 1. 
7. In law: (a) The standing in the place of an- 
other, as an heir, or in the right of taking by 
inheritance; the personating of another, as 
an heir, executor, or administrator. (6) More 
specifically, the coming in of children of a de- 
ceased heir apparent, devisee dying before the 
testator, etc., to take the share their parent 
would have taken had he survived, not as suc- 
ceeding as the heirs of the parent, but as toge- 
ther representing him among the other heirs of 
the ancestor. See reprcseiitiiHr/', .. 3. In Scots 
law the term is usually applied to the obligation incurred 
by an heir to pay the debts and perform the obligations 
Incumbent upon his predecessor. 
8. Share or participation, as in legislation, de- 
liberation, management, etc., by means of reg- 
ularly chosen or appointed delegates ; or, the 
system by which communities have a voice in 
the direction of their own affairs, and in the 
making of their own laws, by means of chosen 
delegates: as, parliamentary representation. 
The reform in representation he uniformly opposed. 
Bvrkr. 
