Fan-coral (Rhipictogorgia Jla- 
Rhipidoglossa 
ouwly called order, suborder, or division, of pro- 
sobranchiate gastropods, characterized by a 
heart with two auricles and a ventricle, and 
teeth of the odontophore in many marginal 
rows; the other teeth are generally a median, 
several admedian, and numerous marginal on 
each side. It includes numerous marine forms of the 
families Turbinidx, TrnclMte, Nerttidtr etc., and terres- 
trial species of the families Helicinidse, uydrocenidfe, and 
Proserpinidx. 
Rhipidoglossata (rip*i-do-glo-sa'ta), H. ill. 
[NL. : see rhipidoglossatc.] Same as Rhipido- 
fflOSMI . 
rhipidoglossate (rip'i-do-glos'at), . [< NL. 
*rnipidoglossatus, < Gr. pnri( (pnuti-), a fan, + 
j/ldiCTon, the tongue : see glossate.] In Mnllnxm, 
having upon the radula, in any one of the many 
cross-rows of teeth, generally one median tooth, 
three or more admedian teeth, and numerous 
marginal teeth. See cut under radula. 
Rhipidogorgia (rip"i-do-g6r'ji-ii), n. [NL., < 
Gr. piTi'f (pnrtS-), a fan, + jopjof, grim, fierce, 
terrible.] A genus of alcyonarian polyps of 
the family Gonjoniidse, 
expanded in a regular- 
ly reticulate flabelli- 
form shape. They are 
known as fan-corals and sea- 
fans, and have often been 
referred to the more com- 
prehensive genus Gorgonia. 
R. flabellmn is one of the 
commonest corals of tropi- 
cal and subtropical waters, 
found in most collections of 
such objects for ornamen- 
tal purposes. It varies much 
in size and contour (com- 
pare cut under coral), but 
preserves its flatness and 
finely netted structure ; it 
is generally of a purplish 
color. 
Rhipidophoridae, Rhi- 
pidophorus. Same as 
Rhipiphoridie, etc. 
Rhipidoptera ( rip - i - 
dop'te-ra), H. pi. [NL., neut. pi. of rhipidop- 
terua: Seerhipidoptei'ous.] Fan-winged insects, 
a group of abnormal Coleoptera, regarded as an 
order: synonymous with Strepsiptera . The usual 
form is Rhipiptera, after Latreille, 1817. 
rhipidopterous (rip-i-dop'te-rus), . [< NL. 
rhipidopterus, < Gr. parts (purii-), a fan, -f- irrt- 
p6v, wing, = }&. feather.] Fan-winged, as an in- 
sect; specifically, of or pertaining to the Rhipi- 
doptera ; strepsipterous. Also rhipipteroiis. 
Rhipidopterygia (rip-i-dop-te-rij'i-ii), n. pi. 
[NL., < Gr. j&Hrif (pimi-), a fail, + irrtpnf (im- 
pvy-), a wing.] A superorder of teleostomous 
fishes, having special fin-supports to the pec- 
torals and ventrals as well as to the dorsal and 
anal. It is subdivided into the orders Rhipidia- 
tia and Aetinistia. 
rhipidopterygian (rip-i-dop-te-rij'i-au), a. and 
H. I. a. Of or relating to the Rhipiilopterygiti. 
As I have already pointed out, there are two types of the 
Rhipidopterygian fin, the Rhipidistious, where baseosts 
are present (teste Traquair), and the Actinistious. 
Amer. Nat., May, 1890. 
II. n. One of the Rhipidopteriigia. 
rhipidura (rip-i-du'rii), H. [NL., < Gr. pmif 
(pimd-), a fan, + ovpa, tail.] 1. PI. rMpMHffW 
(-re). The posterior pair of pleopods of a crusta- 
cean, together with 
the telson, when 
these are developed, 
as inmacrurous crus- 
taceans. For example, 
the flat shelly plates or 
swimmerets of the end 
of a lobster's tail form a 
rhipidura. See c in cut un- 
der pereiopod. C. Spence 
Bate. 
The scaphocerite and 
rhipidura are both present 
as well-developed appen- 
dages, the latter of which 
they never entirely lose. 
Nature, XXXVIII. 339. 
2. [cap.] An exten- 
sive genus of Mus- 
cicapidx, ranging 
through the Oriental and Australian regions; 
the fan-tailed flycatchers. R.flabellifera is an 
example. Vigors and Horsfield, 1825. 
Rhipiphoridae frip-i-for'i-d), n.pl. [NL. (Ger- 
staecker, 1855), < BhipijiJtonix + -ids-.] A fam- 
ily of heteromerous beetles, having the anterior 
coxal cavities open behind, the head strongly 
constricted at the base and suddenly narrowed 
behind, and the prothorax at the base as wide us 
Fan-tailed Flycatcher (Rhifidura 
JtablUiftra}. 
5154 
the elytra. The family is represented in nil parts of the 
globe, but comprises only 14 gen era, nonuof them very rirh 
in species. North America has 4 genera and 23 species. 
The beetles are found upon flowers, and the larva?, so far 
as known, are parasitic upon other insects, littijitu'.li/i* 
lu'cliniairnw is parasitic in Europe upon the croton-bug, 
or German roach, Ectobia yennanica. Also called Khipi- 
dophoridx. 
Rhipiphorus (ri-pif'6-rus), H. [NL. (Fabricius, 
179:2), < Gr. pi~if, a fan, T -^opof, < ipipetv = E. 
fctwi.] A genus of heteromerous beetles, typi- 
cal of the family Hit ipi/ilmridse, having the elytra 
shorter than the body, the mouth-organs per- 
fect, the middle coxw contiguous, and the ver- 
tex depressed, not projecting above the anterior 
border of the pronotum. It is represented in all parts 
of the world, although only about 60 species have been 
described ; 11 are known in North America. Also Rhipi. 
dophorun. 
rhipipter (ri-pip'ter), . [< NL. Rhipiptera.] 
A member of the Rhipiptera: a strepsipter, as 
a stylops. 
Rhipiptera (ri-pip'te-ra), n. pi. [NL. (La- 
treflle, 1817), neut. pi. oC'rhipipterus : see rlii- 
pipterou, and cf. Rhipidoptera.] In Latreille's 
classification, the eleventh order of insects, 
composed of degraded parasitic forms, corre- 
sponding to Kirby's order Strepsiptera, and now 
considered to form a family of heteromerous 
Coleoptera under the name Stylopidee. Also 
l!lti]>idoptera. See cut tinder stylops. 
rhipipteran (ri-pip'te-ran), . and n. I. . A 
rhipipter. 
n. a. Same as rJtipipterous or rhipidopterous. 
rhipipterous (ri-pip'te-rus), a. [< NL. 'rhipip- 
terus for rhipidopterus : see rhipidupterous.] 
Same as rhipidopterous . 
Rhipsalis (rip'sa-lis), n. [NL. (Gaertner, 1788), 
irreg. < Gr. pity (/KIT-), plaited work of osiers or 
rushes, a mat, crate.] A genus of cacti of the 
tribe Opuntiese. It is characterized by small flat flow- 
ers, six to ten spreading oblong petals, a cylindrical, an- 
gled, and dilated stem, and a smooth ovary bearing in fruit 
a smooth pea-like berry containing somewhat pear-shaped 
seeds. There are about 30 species, natives of tropical 
America, with one in South Africa, Mauritius, Madagas- 
car, and Ceylon, the only cactus native to those regions. 
They are unlike any other cactus genus in their great va- 
riety of form and habit of stems, some resembling mistle- 
toe, some the marsh-samphire, some the ice-plant, others 
the Epiphyllum, etc. They are fleshy shrubs with a woody 
axis, jointed branches, and lateral flowers, which project 
from notches ou the edges of the flat-branched species. 
Their leaves are reduced to minute scales, which appear 
at the notches, mixed with wool and stiff needles. Most 
of the species are epiphytes, pendent from the branches 
of trees, often for many feet ; whence sometimes called 
mistletoC'Cactus, some species also having white berries. 
Also called unlloic-cactus, in conformity with the genus 
name. In cultivation they are reared in pots and bas- 
kets. 
Rhiptoglossa (rip-to-glos'a), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. piTrrdf, thrown out (< pmretv, throw), + y7.ua- 
aa, the tongue.] A suborder of Lacertilia, or 
lizards, represented by the family C'hamxleoii- 
tidee alone, characterized by the vermiform 
protrusile tongue, well-developed limbs, but no 
clavicle, pterygoid not reaching the quadrate 
bone, and nasal bones not bounding the nasal 
apertures: contrasted with Eriglossa. Also 
Rhiptoglossa. Gill, 1885. 
rhiptoglossate (rip-to-glos'at), a. Pertaining 
to the Rhiptoglossa, or having their characters. 
rhizanth(ri'zanth), H. [<rhizanth-os.] Aplant 
of the class Rhizantheee; a plant that flowers or 
seems to flower from the root, as Rafflesia. 
Rhizanthese (ri-zan'the-e), n. pi. [NL. (Blume, 
1828), < Gr. pj'Co, root,'+ avdof, flower, + -ese.] 
A class of plants proposed by Lindley. See 
rhizogen. 
rhizanthous (ri-zan'thus), a. [< Gr. p/fa, root, 
+ ttvdof, flower.] Flowering from the root or 
seeming root. A. Gray. 
rhizantoicous (ri-zan-toi'kus), a. [Irreg. < Gr. 
P<fa, root, + avri, opposite, + olnoc, dwelling. 
Cf. united, aiitecians.] In bryol., having both 
male and female inflorescence on the same 
plant, the former on a very short branch co- 
hering with the latter by the rhizome. 
rhizic (ri'zik), a. [< Gr. p;C'*of, of or pertaining 
to the root, < /5/fa, root : see root 1 .] Pertaining 
to the root of an equation Rhizic curve, a curve 
expressed by P = or Q = 0, where P + Q Vi = z + 
p,z 1 + etc., and z = a: + yV / 1. 
rhizina (ri-zi'na), H.; pi. rhiziiix (-ne). [NL., 
< Gr. pi&, a root, + -ma 1 .] In tot., same as 
rlii:oid. 
rhizine (ri'zin), . [< Gr. pfa, root, + -iW-i.] 
In hot., same as rhizoul. 
rhizinous (ri-zi'nus), a. [< r/ii-im- + -OK.S-.] In 
hot., having rhizoids. 
rhizocarp (ri'zo-karp), n. A plant of the order 
Rhizoflagellata 
Rhizocarpeae (ri--/.n -kiir'pe-e), . )>\. [NL. 
(Batsch. 1SH2). < Gr. pi^a, root, + ap-of, fruit.] 
A class or group of cryptogamous plants, the 
heterosporous Filicineie, embracing tlie fiinii- 
lies HiilriniaiTir mid Mar.tilrui-ea: This name i 
not much used at the present time, the two families being 
embraced in the llydrupteridetr, or heterosporous ferns. 
Sfi- lltidfuptfridt&, MarsUeaceff, and Saleiniacefp for spe- 
cial chai'acterization. 
rhizocarpean (ri-zo-kiir'pe-an), . [< l\lii:n- 
carpex + -OH.] In bot., of or pertaining to the 
Forms of Rhizoctfhala. 
nauplius stage of Sarculinn 
. H. cyuris stage of Ler- 
HKoftistus forcellanlc. C, adult of 
Ptltofnster pagttri: a, anterior end ; 
t>, aperture through which pasb the 
root-like processes, c. 
rhizocarpian (ri-zo-kiir'pi-cn), . Same as rlii- 
HNMfpMH 
rhizocarpic (ri-zo-kar'pik), a. [< rliteoearp-imx 
f -if.] lu hot.,' characterized as a perennial 
herb; having the stem annual but the root per- 
ennial. De Candolle. 
rhizocarpous (ri-zo-kar'pus), a. [< Gr. pifr, 
root, + xapjrof, fruit.] Same as rhizocarpic. 
rhizqcaul (ri'zo-kal), . [< NL. rhi:ocaulns, < 
Gr. p/C Q , root, 4- nav'/of, stalk.] The rootstock 
of a polyp; that part of a polypidom by which 
it is affixed as if rooted to some support. 
rhizocaulus (ri-zo-ka'lus), n.; pi. rhizocauli 
(-11). [NL. : see rhizocaul.] A rhizocaul. 
Rhizocephala (li-zo-sef'a-la), H. pi. [NL.. 
neut. pi. of rhisocephalus : see rhizocephalous.'] 
A group of small 
parasitic crusta- 
ceans, having a cyl- 
indroid, sac-like, 
or disciform unseg- 
mented body, with- 
out organs of sense, 
intestine, limbs, or 
cement-organs, but 
with an oral and an 
anal opening, and 
the sexual organs 
well developed. The 
species are hermaphro- 
ditic, and the young go 
through a nauplius stage 
and a cypris stage. The 
Rhiiocephala are by some 
made an order of a sub- 
class Cirripedia; others 
class them with Cirri- 
pedia as a division, Pec- 
tostraca, of Entomogtraca ; by others again they are referred 
to the Epitoa (Jchthyophthiria or fish-lice). These para- 
sites attach themselves by their modified antenna;, re- 
sembling a number of root-like processes, which bury 
themselves in the substance of the host, whence the name. 
They are represented by two principal genera, Sacculina, 
and Peltugasttr, each made by some the type of a family. 
They are parasites of crabs. Also called Cenlrogonida. 
rhizocephalon (ri-zo-sef a-lon), n. [NL., sing. 
of Rhi:ocepliala.] Any member of the order 
Itlii:ocei>]iala. [Rare.] 
rhizocephalous (ri-zo-sef 'a-lns), a. [< NL. rhi- 
zocephalus, < Gr. p/CoKf<t>a/o(, having the flower 
growing straight from the root, < pifa, root, + 
Kcipa?.//, head.] Rooted by the head; specifi- 
cally, of or pertaining to the Rhizocephala. 
rhizoconin (ri-zo-ko'niu), n. [< Gr. />/Ca, root, 
+ NL. coniunt + -/?( 2 .] A crystallizable proxi- 
mate principle found in the root of Conium 
niaciilatiim. 
rhizoconolein (ri'zo-ko-no'le-in), n. [< rJtizo- 
con(in) -f- L. oleum, oil, + -jnX] A crystalliza- 
ble body found in Conium maculatum. 
rhizocrinoid (ri-zok'ri-noid), n. [< Rhizocrinus 
+ -aid (cf. crinoid).~\ A crinoid of the genus 
Rhizocrimts; an apiocrinite. 
Rhizocrinus (ri-zok'ri-nus), . [NL., < Gr. pi'Ca, 
a root, + Kpivov, lily: see crinoid.'] A genus of 
crinoids of the family Encrinidss, one of the 
few living forms of f'rinoidea. H. lofotensis, the 
typical species, is a kind of lily-star or sea-lily, about 3 
inches in length, living at a depth of from one hundred to 
three hundred fathoms in the sea, rooted to the bottom. 
Its structure is fully illustrated in the figure given under 
Crinoidea. 
rhizodont (ri'zo-dont), a. and . [< Gr. p/fa, 
root. -t-Woi'f (6<fovr-) = E. tooth.] I. a. Having 
teeth rooted by fangs which ankylose with the 
jaw, as crocodiles. 
II. n. A rhizodont reptile. 
Rhizodonta (ri-zo-don'ta), H. pi. [NL.: see 
rhizoiloHt.] The rhizodont reptiles. 
Rhizodus (ri'zo-dus), . [NL., < Gr. pl^a, 
root, + odovr = E. tooth.] In ichth., a genus 
of fossil ganoid fishes of the coal-measures, 
referred to the family Cyclodipteridie. They 
were of large size, with huge teeth. R. hil>- 
licrti is one of the species. 
Rhizoflagellata(ri-z6-flaj-e-la'ta), n.pt. [NL., 
< Gr. pi(a, root, + NL. flageltum : see jtagel- 
I H in, 3.] An order of flagellate I>iJ'nxoria, hav- 
ing psendopodial as well as flagelliform appen- 
