C4 

the ring |3 slid down on the line to his note. Colored 
Tings, in optics. See Newton's rings. Columns or pil- 
lars of the abdominal ring. See column. Cornice- 
ring. See cnrnice. Crural ring. .See crural.- -Decad 
ring. See decad. Diaphragmatic ring, a name given 
byChaussier to the irregularly quadrilateral aperture by 
which the inferior vena cava passes through the diaphragm 
to the heart. Also called foramen quadratum. Bee cut 
under diaphragm. Picket ring. Same as decad ring. 
Douglas ring, a name given in Scotland and the north 
of England to a ring decorated with a heart or hearts, or 
having a heart-shaped seal or stone : in allusion to the 
"bloody heart," the hearing of the Douglas family. Epis- 
copal ring. Same as bishop's ring. Esophageal, fairy, 
femoral ring. See the adjectives. Fisherman's ring. 
See fisherman. Gemow ring. Same as gemel-ring. 
Hernial ring, the constricted opening of a hernial sac. 
Inguinal rings. Same as abdominal rings. Investi- 
ture ring. See investiture. Linked ring, a ring com- 
posed of two or more hoops hinged or linked together 
in such a way that it shuts up as a solid ring or can be 
opened and the parts broken asunder. Live, mandlb- 
ular, medicinable, meteoric ring. See the adjectives. 
Newton's rings, a series of colored rings produced by 
pressing a convex lens of very long focus against a plane 
surface of glass. The rings are due to interference. (See 
interference, 5.) These rings, in the case of white light, 
may be seven in number, and the order of color follows 
that known as Newton's scale of colors. Sir Isaac New- 
ton was the first to investigate them (whence the name). 
Nobili's rings, concentric colored rings formed on a 
flat surface about a pointed electrode by the electroly- 
sis of certain salts. Nobili used a solution of lead upon 
a sheet of polished metal, the cathode being a platinum 
wire. Ocellary, ophthalmic, parheliacal rings. See 
the adjectives. Open ring, a coupling-link whicn is left 
open on one side, the ends passing each other but not 
touching. It is used in agricultural machines. Also 
called cap-ring and open link. Pixy ring. See pixy. 
Polarized rings. See interference figures, under inter- 
ference, 5. Reinforce-rings. See reinforce. Ring- 
and-staff investiture. See ecclesiastical investiture, un- 
der investiture. Ring course. See course 1 . Ring neb- 
ula. See nebula. Ring of an anchor, that part of an 
anchor to which the cable is fastened. Ring Of Venus, 
in palmistry, a curved line running below the mounts of 
Apollo and Saturn. See mountl, b. Ring settlement, in 
business transactions, a settlement made by means of a 
ring. See def. 7. 
Where it appears that several parties have contracts be- 
tween each other, corresponding in all respects (except as 
to price), and that a ring settlement can be made, the party 
finding said ' ring " shall notify all parties thereto, leaving 
with each a copy thereof, and get their acknowledgment, 
from which time the said ring shall be in force. 
New fork Produce Exchange Report, 1888-9, p. 180. 
Rings Of a gun, in gun., circles of metal, of which there 
are five kinds, namely. the base-ring, reinforce-ring, trun- 
nion-ring, cornice-ring, and muzzle-ring: but these terms 
do not in general apply to modern ordnance. Rings Of 
the trachea. See tracheal rings, below. Rosary ring. 
Same as decad ring. Saturn's ring. See Saturn 
Sclerotic ring of birds and various reptiles, the circlet 
of small bones which surround the cornea, embedded in 
the sclerotic coat of the eye. See cut under gclerotal, n. 
Split ring, a metallic ring split spirally, on which 
keys or other objects required to be kept together may be 
suspended by passing part of them through the spiral, so 
that they hang loose on the ring. St. Martin's rings, 
rings of copper or brass, in imitation of gold. They may 
have been so called because the makers or venders of 
them resided within the collegiate church of St. Martin's- 
le-Orand. HaUiwell. 
I doubt whether all be gold that glistereth, sith saint 
Martins rings be but copper within, though they be gilt 
without, sayes the Goldsmith. 
Plaine Percemll, in Brand's Pop. Antiq., II. 27, note. 
The ring, the prize-ring, pugilism and those connected 
with pugilism. 
The Ring was his chief delight, and a well-fought bat- 
tle between two accomplished bruisers caused his heart 
to leap with joy. W. Besant, Fifty Years Ago, p. 73. 
To come on the ring*, to take one's turn. 
Judge infernal Mynos, of Crete Kynge, 
Now cometh thy lotte ! now comestow on the rynge ! 
Nat oonly for thy sake writen ys this story. 
Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 1887. 
To ride, run, or tilt at the ring, an exercise much in 
vogue in the sixteenth century in Europe, and replacing to 
a certain extent the justs or tilts of armed knights one 
against another. It was for the nobility nearly what the 
quintain or similar games of tilting were for the people. 
A ring was suspended at a height, and the horsemen rode 
at it with a light spear with which they tried to carry it off. 
'Tis not because the ring they ride, 
And Lindesay at the rina rides well. 
Scott, L. of L. M , vi. 23. 
To take the mantle and ring. See mantle. Tracheal 
rings, in anat. and zo'ul., the rings or hoops of cartilage 
(sometimes of bone) which are situated in the walls of 
the windpipe and serve to keep that air-passage perma- 
nently distended. Such rings are usually of hyaline car- 
tilage and very elastic, but may ossify more or less com- 
pletely. They are numerous, closely succeeding one an- 
other along the course of the trachea. They are frequent- 
ly incomplete in a part of their circumference, or other- 
wise irregular, when, like the corresponding bronchial 
rings, they are known as half-rings. In animals whose 
necks undergo notable lengthening and shortening in dif- 
ferent attitudes of the head, the rings provide for a cor- 
responding extension and contraction of the trachea, as 
notably in birds, whose tracheal rings are regularly bev- 
eled alternately on the right and left sides, so as to slide 
over one another when the windpipe is contracted in re- 
traction of the neck. (See cut under tracheal.) Tracheal 
rings are normally much alike in most of the length of the 
windpipe, but commonly undergo speciid modifications at 
each end of that tube (see crimiil, n.. and cut under pes- 
sulu.*)', less frequently several rings arc enlarged and con- 
326 
5185 
solidated in a dilatation called the tympanmn. Several or- 
dinary rings are shown in the cuts under la rynx and mouth. 
Tweed Ring, an association of corrupt politicians be- 
longing to the Tammany Society, which from about lb3 
to 171 controlled nearly all the departments of adminis- 
tration in New York city, and plundered the city of many 
millions of dollars. The principal leaders were William 
M. Tweed (commissionerof public works, chairman of the 
executive committee of Tammany Hall, and grand sachem 
of the Tammany Society), Connolly (comptroller of the 
city), and Sweeny (park commissioner). The ring was 
overthrown in 1871, and Tweed died in jail. Vortex 
ring. See vortex. Widow's ring, a ring assumed by one 
who vows perpetual widowhood, a custom followed in the 
fourteenth century and later. Compare widow's mantle, 
under mantle. (See also cramp-ring, mourning-ring, posy- 
ring, thumb-ring.) 
ring 1 (ring), v. [< ME. ringen, < AS. hrlnglan 
(also in comp. ymb-hringian, surround, encircle) 
= D. ringen, ring, wear a ring, = OHG. <je- 
hringen, MHG. ringen; of. (J. (um-)ringen, sur- 
round, = Icel. hringa = Sw. ringa = Dan. ringe, 
furnish with a ring; from the noun: see ring 1 , 
.] I. trans. 1. To be round about in the form 
of a circle ; form a ring about ; encircle ; en- 
compass ; gird. 
Lord Talbot> 
. . . ring'd about with bold adversity, 
Cries out for noble York and Somerset. 
Shale., 1 Hen. VI., iv. 4. 14. 
We are left as scorpions ringed with fire. 
Shelley, The Cenci, ii. 2. 
2. To take a position around ; surround; hence, 
to hem in; specifically, in Australia, to keep 
(cattle) together, by riding around them in a 
circle. 
My followers ring him round ; 
He sits unarm'd. Tennyson, Geraint. 
I'll tell you what, West, you'll have to ring them pass 
the word for all hands to follow one another in a circle at 
a little distance apart. 
A. C. Grant, Bush Life in Queensland, II. 126. 
3. In the manege, to exercise by causing to run 
round in a ring while being held by a long rein ; 
lunge. 
She caught a glimpse, through the glass door opening 
on the park, of the General, and a fine horse they were 
ringing, and she hurried out. Miss Edgeworth, Helen, vi. 
4. To provide with a ring or rings; mark or 
decorate with rings ; especially, to fit with a me- 
tallic ring, as the finger, or as an animal or its 
nose ; also, to furnish with rings, or attach rings 
to, for the line to run in, as an anglers' rod. 
On alle hure fyue fyngres rycheliche yrynged, 
And ther-on rede rubies and other riche stones. 
Piers Plowman (C), iii. 12. 
Ring these fingers with thy household worms. 
Shak., K. John, iii. 4. 31. 
5. To wed with a marriage-ring. [Bare.] 
I was born of a true man and a ring'd wife. 
Tennyson, Queen Mary, L 1. 
6. In hort., to cut out a ring of bark from, as 
from a branch or root, in order to obstruct the 
return of the sap and oblige it to accumulate 
above the part operated on. 
One of the expedients for inducing a state of fruitful- 
ness in trees is the ringing of the branches or stem. 
Encyc. Brit., XII. 244. 
Gaunt trunks of trees, which had been rung [erro- 
neously used for ringed] and allowed to die slowly, stood 
like white skeletons waiting to be felled and burned. 
Mrs. Campbell Praed, The Head Station, p. 2. 
To ring a quoit, to throw it so that it encircles the pin. 
To ring up cattle. See def. 2. To ring up the an- 
chor, to pull the ring of an anchor close up to the cathead. 
II. intrans. 1. To form a ring. 
The rest which round about you ring, 
Faire Lords and Ladies which about you dwell. 
Spenser, F. Q., VI., Int., t. 7. 
2. To move in rings or in a constantly curving 
course. 
A bird is said to ring when it rises spirally in the air. 
Encyc. Brit., IX. 7. 
ring 2 (ring), r. ; pret. rang (sometimes rung), 
pp. rang, ppr. ringing. [< ME. ringen, ryngen 
(pret. ringde, pi. ringden,ringeden; also (by con- 
formity with sang, sung, etc.) pret. rang, rong, 
pi. rungen, rongen, range, pp. rungen, i-rungen, 
i-runge), < AS. hringan (weak verb, pret. hring- 
(!<), clash, ring, = MD. ringJ/en, D. ringen = 
Icel. hringja Sw. ringa = Dan. ringe, ring; 
cf. Icel. hrang, a din, Dan. rangle, rattle; prob. 
orig. imitative, or later considered so; perhaps 
akin to L. dangere, sound, clang: see clang, 
rlonk, and cf. elM; ting 1 , tinl; tinkle, etc.] I. 
l run ft. 1. To cause (a bell or other sonorous 
body, usually metallic) to sound, particularly 
by striking. In the United States ring and toll are 
sometimes distinguished, the former being applied to 
swinging a bell so as to throw the clapper against it, and 
the latter to striking it while at rest with a hammer. 
See tall. 
Religiouse reuerencede hym and rongen here belles. 
Piers Plmrman (('), xxiii ;>:>. 
ring 
The statue of Mars bigan his hauberkc rynge. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1573. 
Rejoice, you men of Anglers, ring your bella ; 
King John, your king and England's, doth approach. 
Shalt., K. John, ii. 1. 312. 
Whene'er the old exchange of profit rings 
Her silver saints' hell of uncertain gains, 
My merchant-soul can stretch both legs and wings. 
Quarles, Emblems, iv. 3. 
"Give no credit !" these were some of his golden 
maxims, "Never take paper-money ! Look well to 
your change ! Ring the silver on the four-pound weight ! " 
Hawthorne, Seven Gables, Iv. 
2. To produce by or as by ringing, as a sound 
or peal. 
Ere to black Hecate's summons 
The shard-borne beetle with his drowsy hums 
Hath rung night's yawning peal. 
SAaJ-.,Macbe'th,iii. 2. 43. 
Ere the first cock his matin rings. 
Milton, L'Allegro, 1. 114. 
3. To announce or celebrate by ringing; usher 
with ringing, as of bells ; hence, to proclaim or 
introduce musically : often followed by in or 
out. 
He hade morthired this mylde be myddaye war rongene, 
With-owttyne mercy. Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 970. 
No mournful bell shall ring her burial. 
Shak., Tit, And., v. 3. 197. 
The same considerations, supported by religious mo- 
tives, caused the strict prohibition of work on Sundays 
and festivals, and "on Saturday, or the eve of a double 
feast, after noon has been rung. 
English Oilds (E. E. T. S.), Int., p. cxrxi. 
Wild bird, whose warble, liquid sweet, 
Rings Eden thro' the budded quicks. 
Tennyson, In Memoriam, Ixxxviii. 
Hear the mellow wedding-bells . . . 
How they ring out their delight ! 
Poe, The Bells. 
4. To utter sonorously; repeat often, loudly, 
or earnestly; sound: as, to ring one's praises. 
I would ring him such a lesson. 
Fletcher, Humorous Lieutenant, v. 1. 
To ring bells backward. See backicard.To ring 
changes or the changes on. See change. To ring In. 
(a) To usher in by ringing. 
" Besides," said Tom Ryder, "them fellows at Red Dog 
would swap it |a child], and ring in somebody else on us. 
Bret Uarte, Luck of Roaring Camp. 
Hence (6) (also to ring Into). To introduce or bring in 
or into. [Slang.] 
They want to ring me into it [the performance of Bul- 
wer's " Money "], but I do not see anything in it I can do. 
Lester Wallack, Memories (Scribner's Mag., IV. 723). 
To ring the change, to swindle in the changing of money 
by a complicated system of changing and rechanging, in 
order to produce confusion and deception. To ring the 
changes. See change. To ring the hallowed Dell. 
See 6ml . To ring UP, to summon or rouse by the ring- 
ing of a bell : as, to ring up a person at the telephone ; 
to ring up a doctor in the middle of the night. [Colloq.] 
II. intrans. 1. To give forth a musical, reso- 
nant, and metallic sound; resound, as a bell or 
other sonorous body when set in sudden vibra- 
tion by a blow or otherwise : as, the anvil rang. 
Hys armour ryngis or clattirs horribly. 
O. Douglas, in Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight 
[(E. E. T. S.), p. 112, Gloss. 
Now ryngen trompes loude and clarioun. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1742. 
Duke. Who call'd here of late ? 
Prow. None, since the curfew rung. 
Shak., M. for M., iv. 2. 78. 
And the ancient Rhyme rung strange, with its passion and 
its change, 
Here where all done lay undone. 
Mrs. Browning, Rhyme of the Duchess May. 
The silken gauntlet that is thrown 
In such a quarrel rings like steel. 
Whittier, To Friends under Arrest for Treason against the 
[Slave Power. 
2. To ring a bell ; especially, to give a signal 
with a bell: as, to ring for a servant or a mes- 
senger. 
Bull. A cough, sir, which I caught with ringing in the 
king's affairs upon his coronation-day, sir. . . . 
Fal. I will take such order that thy friends shall ring 
for thee. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., iii. 2. 198. 
We . . . shall have no need of Mr. Bowls's kind services. 
Mr. Bowls, if you please, we will ring when we want you. 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair, xiv. 
3. To sound loudly and clearly, like the tone 
of a bell ; be distinctly audible : as, the mtisio 
still rings in our ears. 
Thene herde he of that hyje hil ... a wonder breme 
noyse, . . . 
What ! hit wharred, & whette, as water at a mulne, 
What ! hit rusched, tt ronge, rawthe to here. 
Sir Oawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), I. 2204. 
Thy old groans ring yet in my ancient earc. 
Shak., R. and J., ii. 3. 74. 
Ere the sound of an axe in the forest had rung. 
Whittier, The Merrimack 
4. To resound; reverberate; echo. 
The silver roof of the Olympian palace rung again with 
applause of the fact. B. Jmwn, Cynthia's Revels, i. 1. 
