Romance Conti 
commune of Vosne. It is considered by many 
the chief of all the red wines of Burgundy. 
Romanee St. Vivant. A wine of ^Burgundy 
of the highest class, grown on the Cote d'Or, a 
very small amount being produced. 
romanesca (ro-ma-ues'ka), n. [It., fern, of Ro- 
manesco, Romanesque : see Romanesque, ,~\ A 
dance : same as galliard, 2. 
Romanese (ro-man-es' or -ez'), n. [< L. So- 
inanenitis, Romau, < Romanus, Roman: see Ro- 
man.] Same as Wallachian. 
Romaneskt (ro-ma-nesk'), a. and n. Same as 
Romanesque. Imp. Diet. 
Romanesque (ro-ma-nesk'), a. and n. [For- 
merly also liomanesk; < F. romanesque, < Sp. 
romanesco = Pg. romanisco = It. romanesco, 
Roman, Romanish, < ML. Romaniscus, Roman, 
< L. Bomanus, Roman : see Roman and -esque .] 
1. . 1. Roman or Romance. Specifically, in art: 
(a) Belonging to or designating the early medieval style 
of art and ornament developed in western Europe from 
those of the later Roman empire. 
The name Romanesque, which has been given to this 
style, very nearly corresponds with the terra Romance as 
applied to a group of languages. It signifies the deriva- 
tion of the main elements, both of plan and of construc- 
tion, from the works of the later Roman Empire. But 
Romanesque architecture was not, as it has been called, 
"a corrupted imitation of the Roman architecture," any 
more than the Provencal or the Italian language was a 
corrupted imitation of the Latin. It was a new thing, the 
slowly matured product of a long period and of many in- 
fluences. 
C. E. Norton, Church-buUding in Middle Ages, p. 22. 
Hence (6) Same as romantic, 5. 
2. Noting the dialect of Lauguedoc. See II. ,2. 
3. [I. c.] Pertaining to romance ; romantic. [A 
Gallicism.] Eomanesque architecture, a general 
and rather vague phrase including the styles of round- 
arched and -vaulted architecture which prevailed in the 
West from the fifth to the middle of the twelfth century. 
Romanesque. Great Doorway of the Abbey Church of V#relay, lath 
century. (From Viollet-le-Duc's " Diet, tie ^Architecture.") 
The Romanesque can be separated into two distinct divi- 
sions : (a) that but little removed from debased Roman, 
prevalent from the fifth to the eleventh century ; and (6) 
the late, fully developed Romanesque of the eleventh and 
twelfth centuries, which comprises the advanced and dif- 
ferentiated Lombard, Rhenish, Saxon, Norman, and Bur- 
gundian styles. The latter division, while retaining the 
semicircular arch and other characteristic features of Ro- 
man architecture, is in every sense an original style of great 
richness and dignity, always inferior, however, to the suc- 
ceeding Pointed style in the less perfect stability of its 
round arch and vault, the greater heaviness and less organic 
quality of its structure (the Romanesque architect, like the 
old Roman, still trusting for stability rather to the massive- 
ness of his walls than, like his succcessor in the thirteenth 
century, to the scientific combination of a skeleton frame- 
work of masonry), the inferior flexibility of its design, and 
the archaic character of its figure-sculpture, of which 
much, however, is admirable in the best examples, particu- 
larly in France. See medieval architecture (under medi- 
eval), and compare cuts under Norman, Rhenish, and mo- 
dillion. 
II. n. 1. The early medieval style of archi- 
tecture and ornament founded in the West 
upon those of the later Roman empire, and the 
varieties into which it is subdivided, known as 
Lomoard, Norman, Rhenish, etc. See I. 
There existed a transitional style, properly called the 
Romanesque, which may be described as that modification 
of the classical Roman form which was introduced be- 
tween the reigns of Constantino and Justinian, and was 
avowedly an attempt to adapt classical forms to Christian 
purposes. J. Fergusson, Hist. Arch., I. 396. 
2. The common dialect of Lauguedoc and 
some other districts in the south of France. 
[Rare.] 
romaneyt, See rumney. Redding, Wines, i. 
6218 
Romanic (ro-man'ik), a. [< L. Romanicus, Ro- 
man, < Roniamts, Roman: see Roman. Cf. Ro- 
mance, Bomansh.] 1. Pertaining to the Ro- 
mance languages or dialects, or to the races or 
nations speaking any of the Romance tongues ; 
Romance. 
They [the Provenvaux] are interesting as showing the 
tendency of the Romanic races to a scientific treatment 
of what, if it be not spontaneous, becomes a fashion and 
erelong an impertinence. Lowell, Study Windows, p. 24L 
2. Being in or derived from the Roman alpha- 
bet. 
Romaniform(ro-man'i-f6rm),o. [<L. Roma nun, 
Roman, + forma, form.] Formed on the model 
of the Romance languages, as a phrase or term. 
Compare Latinifornt. [Rare.] 
The relative positions of the substantive and adjective 
are too inconstant in Latin to admit of generalization ; 
but in the derivative Romance languages . . . the adjec- 
tive almost invariably follows, while in the Germanic 
tongues it as commonly precedes ; hence, strictly speaking, 
the two combinations should be called Romaniform and 
Oermaniform, respectively. 
Buck's Handbook qf Med. Sciences, VIII. 518, note. 
Romanisation, Romanise, etc. See Romaniza- 
tion, etc. 
Romanish (ro'man-ish), a. [< ME. romaiiishc, 
romantscc; < Roman + -i/il.] If. Roman. Or- 
nnilnm, 1. 8327. 2. Pertaining to the customs, 
ceremonies, doctrines, or polity peculiar to the 
Roman Catholic Church : used invidiously. 
Romanism (ro'man-izm), n. [= F. romanisnif 
= Pg. romanismo; as Roman + -ism.'} The pol- 
ity, doctrine, ceremonies, and customs peculiar 
to the Church of Rome. 
Romanism is mediaeval Christianity in conflict with 
modern progress. Schaf, Christ and Christianity, p. 127. 
Romanist (ro'man-ist), . and a. [< F. romau- 
ite = Sp. Bomaiiista; as Roman + -ist.~\ I. n. 
A Roman Catholic ; an adherent of the Church 
of Rome: used chiefly by opponents of that 
church. 
To these Oratories the people repair with their Vows 
and Prayers, in their several distresses, much after the 
same manner as the Romanists do to the shrines of their 
.Saints. Maundrell, Aleppo to Jerusalem, p. 10. 
Those slight velitations he had with Bellarmin and the 
Romanists. Harrington, Oceana(ed. 1771),p. 28. (Jodrell.) 
II. a. Belonging or relating to Romanism; 
Roman Catholic : as, the Romanist and the Prot- 
estant systems. 
Romanization (ro'man-i-za'shqn), n. [< Ro- 
manize + -ation.] A making Roman; the act 
or system of causing to conform to Roman stan- 
dards and institutions. Also spelled Romanisa- 
tion. 
He [Csesar] completed the Rmnanization of Italy by his 
enfranchisement of the Transpadaue Gauls. 
Encyc. Brit., XX. 768. 
Romanize (ro'man-Iz), r.; pret. and pp. Roman- 
ized, ppr. Romanizing. [< F. romaniscr = Sp. 
Romanisar; as Roman + -ize; cf. ML. romani- 
:are, write in Romance, or make romances: see 
romance, .] I. traits. 1. To make Roman; spe- 
cifically, to Latinize ; fill with Latin words or 
modes of speech. 
They (the Gallo-Romans of the South] had been thor- 
oughly romaninetl in language and culture. 
Lowell, Study Windows, p. 240. 
2. To convert or proselytize to the Roman Cath- 
olic Church ; imbue with Roman Catholic ideas, 
doctrines, or observances. 3. [I. c.] To rep- 
resent in writing or printing by roman letters 
or types. 
A society for Romanizing the [Japanese] language. 
Missionary Herald, July, 1886, p. 262. 
H. intrans. 1. To use Latin words or idioms. 
So apishly Romanizing that the word of command still 
was set down in Latine. Milton, Areopagitica, p. 12. 
2. To conform to or tend toward Roman Catho- 
lic polity, doctrine, ceremonies, or observances. 
Also spelled Romanise. 
Romanizer (ro'man-i-zer), . One who Roman- 
izes, especially in religion. Also spelled Romrtn- 
iser. 
Romano-Byzantine (ro'man-6-biz'an-tin), a. 
In art : (nt) Noting the style usually known as 
Romanesque, (ft) Noting an early medieval 
architectural style of much of northeastern 
Italy, in which Byzantine elements are modified 
by the influence of distinctively Romanesque or 
Western elements. It was due to the influence 
of the Byzantine Church of San Vitale at Ra- 
venna, completed about A. D. 550. 
As it [the Byzantine style] was gradually blended with 
the classical Roman, with which it was then first brought 
face to face, a third great style was formed, known as the 
Romanesque, Romano-Byzantine, Lombard, or Comacine. 
C. C. Perkins. Italian Sculpture, Int., p. x. 
romantic 
Romansh (ro-mansh'), a. and . [Also Ro- 
mansch, Rtimanscli, Roumansrlt, Rumonsch (G. 
Romanisch); < Romansh romanxi-h, riuuiniiti'li. 
rumonsch, romonsch, the Romansh language, 
lit. Romance: see Romance.] Same as Blugto- 
Romanie. 
romant (ro-rnanf), n. [< ME romant, romaunt. 
< OF. romant, roumant, a var., with excrescent 
t, of roman, romans, a romance : see romance.] 
Same as romance. Florio; Cotgrave. [Obsolete, 
but used archaically, in the Middle English form 
romaunt, as in the title of the "Romaunt of thp 
Rose."] 
Or else some romant unto us areed, 
By former shepherds taught thee in thy youth. 
Of noble lords' and ladies' gentle deed. 
Drayton, Pastorals, Eel. vi. 
0, hearken, loving hearts and bold, 
Unto my wild romaunt. 
tin. Browning, Romaunt of Margret. 
romantt (ro-miint'), v. t. andi. [Also romaunt; 
< romant, romaitnt, n.] To romance; exagger- 
ate. Halliwell. 
romantic (ro-man'tik), a. and w. [Formerly 
rnmnntirk; = Sp. romdntieo = Pg. It. romantico 
(= D. romantiek = G. romantik = Dan. Sw. ro- 
mantik, n. ; D. G. romant inch = Dan. Sw. roman- 
tisk, a.), < F. romantique, pertaining to romance, 
< OF. romant, a romance : see romance and ro- 
mant.'] I. a. 1. Pertaining to or resembling 
romance, or an ideal state of things; partaking 
of the heroic, the marvelous, the supernatural, 
or the imaginative; chimerical; fanciful; ex- 
travagantly enthusiastic: as, romantic notions; 
romantic expectations; romantic devotion. 
So fair a place was never seen 
Of all that ever charm'd romantic eye. 
Keats, Imitation of Spenser. 
A romantic scheme is one which is wild, impracticable, 
and yet contains something which captivates the young. 
WhatHy. 
The poets of Greece and Rome ... do not seem to have 
visited their great battle-fields, nor to have hung on the 
scenery that surrounded them with that romantic interest 
which modern poets do. 
Shairp, Poetic Interpretation of Nature, p. 110. 
2. Pertaining to romances or the popular litera- 
ture of the middle ages; hence, improbable; 
fabulous; fictitious. 
Their feigned and romantic heroes. 
Dr. J. Scott, Works, II. 124. 
I speak especially of that imagination which is most 
free, such as we use in romantifk inventions. 
Dr. a. More, Immortal, of Soul, ii. 11. 
3. Wildly or impressively picturesque; char- 
acterized by poetic or inspiring scenery; sug- 
gesting thoughts of romance: as, a romantic 
prospect; a romantic glen. 
Such dusky grandeur clothed the height 
Where the huge Castle holds its state, . . . 
Mine own romantic town ! 
Scott, Marmion, iv. 80. 
4. In mtisie, noting a style, work, or musician 
characterized by less attention to the formal 
and objective methods of composition than to 
the expression of subjective feeling; senti- 
mental; imaginative; passionate: opposed to 
classical. Romantic in music, as elsewhere, is a relative 
word ; it denotes especially the style, tendency, or school 
represented by Von Weber, Schumann, Chopin, Wagner, 
and others, and by certain works or characteristics of 
Beethoven, Mendelssohn, and Schubert 
5. In arch, and art, fanciful; fantastic; not 
formal or classical; characterized by pathos. 
See pathos, 2. 
There was nothing of classic idealism in his [the medi- 
eval church-builder s] work ; it was modern and romantic 
in the sense that in it the matter predominated over the 
form. 
C. E. Norton, Church-building in Middle Ages, p. 29. 
Romantic school, a name assumed by a number of 
young poets and critics in Germany the Schlegels, No- 
valis, Tieck, and others to designate a combination of 
writers whose efforts were directed to the overthrow of 
the artificial rhetoric and unimaginative pedantry of the 
French school of poetry. The name is also given to a 
similar school which arose in France between twenty and 
thirty years later, and engaged in a long struggle for su- 
premacy with the older classic school; Victor Hngo and 
Laraartine were among the leaders. From literature the 
name passed into music as the designation of a class of 
musicians having many of the characteristics of the ro- 
mantic school of authors. See def. 4. = Syn. 1. Roman- 
tic, Sentimental. Sentimental is used in reference to the 
feelings, romantic in reference to the imagination. Sen- 
timental is used in a sense unfavorable, but in all degrees : 
as, an amiably sentimental person ; the sentimental pity 
that would surround imprisoned criminals with luxuries. 
"The sentimental person is one of wrong or excessive sen- 
sibility, or who imports mere sentiment into matters wor- 
thy of more vigorous thought " (C. J. Smith, Syn. Disc., 
p. 680.) Romantic, when applied to character, is generally 
unfavorable, but in all degrees, implying that the use of 
the imagination is extravagant. A romantic person in- 
dulges his imagination in the creation and contemplation 
of scenes of ideal enterprise, adventure, and enjoyment. 
