rosary 
coin of base metal, illegally introduced into 
England in the reigu of Edward I. it probably 
bore a general resemblance to the silver penny or sterling 
current at the time, ami may have derived its name from 
having a rose or rosette as part of its reverse type. Fes- 
tival Of the Kosary. a festival celebrated in the Roman 
Catholic Church on the first Sunday in October, in com- 
memoration of the victory of the Christian forces over the 
Turks at Lepanto (1571). Fraternity of the Rosary, a 
Roman Catholic order established in the fourteenth or fif- 
teenth century for the purpose of averting public evils by 
means of prayer to God. To its prayers was ascribed the 
victory at Lepanto (see above). Rosary-peas. Seepeoi 
and rosanj-plant. Rosary ring. Same as decad ring 
(which see, under decad). 
rosary-plant (ro'za-ri-plant), . A vine, the 
Indian licorice, Abrus precatorius, whose seeds 
are known as crabs'-eyes, rosary-peas, etc. See 
Abrus Mexican rosary-plant. See Rhynchosia. 
rosary-shell (ro'za-ri-shel), H. A gastropod of 
the genus Monodonta. See cut under Mono- 
doiita. 
rosa soils (ro'za so'lis). [NL., 'rose of the 
sun': L. rosa, rose; soils, gen. of sol, the sun. 
Cf. rosolio.1 A cordial made with spirits and 
various flavorings, as orange-flower and cinna- 
mon, and formerly much esteemed. 
We abandon all ale, 
And beer that is stale, 
Rosa -solis, and damnable hum. 
Wits' Recreations (1654). (Nares.) 
Repeating, as the rich cordial trickled forth in a smooth 
oily stream " Right roan solis as ever washed mulligrubs 
out of a moody brain 1 " Scott, Fortunes of Kigel, xxi. 
rosatedt (ro'za-ted), a. [< "rosate (= F. rosat = 
Sp. Pg. rosado = It. rosato; as rose 1 + -afe 1 ) + 
-erf 2 .] Crowned or adorned with roses. [Rare.] 
He [Gower] appeareth there neither the laureated nor 
hederated poet, . . . but only rosated, having a Chaplet of 
four roses about his head. 
Fuller, Worthies, Yorkshire, III. 426. 
Boscicmcian, . and . See Bosicriician. 
roscid (ros'id), a. [= Pg. roscido; < L. rosci- 
dns, dewy, < ros (ror-), dew: see core 3 , rorwf.] 
Dewy ; containing dew, or consisting of dew. 
These relicks dry suck in the heavenly dew, 
And roscid Manna rains upon her breast. 
Dr. H. More, Infinity of Worlds, st. 100. 
roscoelite (ros'ko-lit), . [< Boscoe (Prof. 
H. E. Roscoe) + Gr. /U0oc, stone.] A mineral 
of a green color and micaceous structure, in 
composition a silicate of aluminium and potas- 
sium, remarkable for containing nearly 30 per 
cent, of vanadium pentoxid. It has been found 
in California associated with gold. 
rose 1 (roz), . and a. [< ME. rose, roose (pi. 
roses, rosen), < AS. rose (pi. rosan) = MD. rose, 
D. roos = OHG. rosa, MHG. rose, G. rose= Icel. 
ros = Sw. ros = Dan. rose = F. rose = Pr. Sp. 
Pg. It. rosa = OBulg. rosa = Bulg. Serv. ruzha = 
Bohem. ruzhe = Pol. rozha = Little Russ. ruzha 
= White Russ. rozha = Russ. roza = Lith. rozhe 
= Lett, rose = Hung, rozsa = Ir. ros = Gael. 
ros = W. rhosyit, pi. rhos, < L. rosa, < Gr. */>oom 
(not found), p66ov, J3olic Gr. lp6dov, a rose, of 
Eastern origin: cf. Ar. Pers. ward, a rose, 
flower, petal, flowering shrub, Armen. ward, 
a rose. The AS. rose (ME. rose, roose) would 
reg. produce a mod. E. "roose; the mod. E. rose 
is due partly to the F. form.] I. n. 1. A 
shrub of the genus Rosa, or its flower, found 
wild in numerous species, and cultivated from 
remote antiquity. In the wild state the rose is gen- 
erally single, its corolla consisting of one circle of round- 
Flowering Branch of Prairie-rose (Rosa sttigera I. 
a, the fruit. 
ish spreading petals. Under cultivation the petals com- 
monly multiply at the expense of the stamens, the flower 
thus doubling into a cushion-, nest-, or cabbage-shaped 
body. Starting with a few natural species, cultivation 
has obtained, through selection and complex intercross- 
ing, many hundred varieties, whose parentage frequently 
5229 
cannot be conjectured. Some, however, remain nearthelr 
originals, and very many can be referred to certain gen- 
eral stocks. For practical purposes the roses of culture 
have been loosely grouped as follows : (1) Climbing roses. 
Here belong the prairie-rose, and its offspring the queen- 
of-the-prairies, Baltimore belle, etc., and the evergreen, 
Ayrshire, musk, many-flowered, and Banksian stocks 
(see below). (2) Garden roses, non-climbers, bloom- 
ing but once in the season; summer or June roses. 
Among these are the Scotch roses, derived from the bur- 
net-rose, R. spinosissima (R. pimpinellifolia), a low bush 
of temperate Europe and Asia ; the cinnamon- and dam- 
ask-roses ; the Provins, hundred-leaved, or cabbage rose, 
R. centifolia, among whose numerous varieties are most 
of the moss-roses ; and the French or red rose, R. Oallica. 
prolific of variegated and other varieties. These are old 
favorites, now giving way to the next class. (3) The so- 
called hybrid perpetuals or autumn roses, best called re- 
montants (see remontant), as blooming not perpetually, 
but a second time after rest. The characteristic element 
in this group is from the China or Indian rose, fl. Indica. 
They are large, brilliant, and hardy, afford the great fancy 
roses of the rosarians, and include such varieties as the 
BaronnePreTjo8t,GeneralJacqueminot,anAgiant-of-batttex. 
The Jacqueminot is forced in immense quantities for the 
market. (4) Roses blooming continuously. Here may be 
classed the Bourbons, originating in a cross between the 
China and a damask variety, a rather tender race, includ- 
ing the Souvenir de Malmaison, a famous standard. More 
constant bloomers are varieties of the China rose known 
popularly as monthly roses, also called Bengal roses ; the 
flowers are brilliant and abundant ; the plant multiplies 
readily, and is the best for house culture. Another 
race of perpetuals is the noisette, derived from the musk- 
and the tea-rose, mostly climbers. Lastly, here belong 
the tea-roses, or tea-scented roses, descended from var. 
odorata of the China rose, a race of numerous and in- 
creasing varieties, most extensively cultivated. The large 
yellow Marechal (or Marshal) Kiel, highly popular for 
forcing, is by some classed as a tea-rose, by others as a 
Noisette. In England roses called standards are pro- 
duced by budding the desired variety on the stock of the 
common dogrose, or of a vigorous variety known as Ma- 
netti; in the American climate most sorts do better on 
their own stock. The rose in culture has numerous ene- 
mies, as the rose-aphis or greenfly, the rose-beetle, the rose- 
slug, and the red-spider. The most important economical 
use of the rose is in the manufacture of attar or oil of 
roses. (See attar and rose-water.) The petals of the red 
or French rose are slightly astringent and tonic, and are 
used in various officinal preparations, chiefly as a vehicle 
for stronger tonic astringents. The petals of the cabbage- 
rose are slightly laxative, but are used chiefly in making 
rose-water. The bright-red hip of some wild roses is orna- 
mental and sometimes edible ; that of the dogrose is used 
to make a confection. The rose is a national emblem of 
England. 
As the Roose in his Radness is Richest of floures. 
Destruction of Tray (E. E. T. S.), 1. 624. 
Like the red rose on triumphant brier. 
Shak., M. N. D., iii. 1. 96. 
2. One of various other plants so named from 
some resemblance to the true rose. See the 
phrases below. 3. A knot of ribbon in the 
form of a rose, used as an ornamental tie of a 
hat-band, garter, shoe, etc. 
My heart was at my mouth 
Till I had viewed his shoes well ; for those roses 
Were big enough to hide a cloven foot. 
B. Jonson, Devil is an Ass, i. 2. 
The heir, with roses in his shoes, 
That night might village partner choose. 
Scott, Marmion, vi., Int. 
4. Figuratively, full flush or bloom. 
He wears the rose 
Of youth upon him. Shalt. , A. and C. , iii. 13. 20. 
5. A light crimson color. Colors ordinarily 
called crimson are too dark to receive the 
name of rose. See II. 
Her cheek had lost the rose. Tennyson, (Enone. 
6. In her., a conventional representation of 
the flower, composed of five leaves or lobes, or, 
in other words, a kind of cinquefoil : when the 
five spaces between the leaves are filled by 
small pointed leaves representing the calyx, it 
is said to be barbed. (See barb 1 , n., 8.) The cen- 
ter is usually a circle with small dots or points of a differ- 
ent tincture, usually or. These may be supposed to repre- 
sent the stamens, but they are called in heraldry seeds, 
and when they are of a different tincture the rose is said 
to be seeded. 
7. Inarch.&ndart: (n) A rose-window. (6) Any 
ornamental feature or work of decorative char- 
acter having a circular outline: properly a 
larger and more important feature or work than 
a rosette or a circular boss. 8. A rosette, as 
of lace. 9. In zoiil., a formation suggestive of 
a rose ; a radiating disposition or arrangement 
of parts; a rosette, as that formed at the 
parting of feathers on the heads of domestic 
pigeons of different breeds, or that represented 
by caruncles about the eyes or beak. Com- 
pare rose-comb, under comb^, 3. 
It [tetronerythrin] was first found in the so-called rtuws 
around the eyes of certain birds by Dr. Wurm. 
Micros. Sri., XXX. 90. 
10. A perforated nozle of a pipe, spout, etc., 
to distribute water in fine shower-like jets; a 
rose-head; also, a plate similarly perforated 
covering some aperture. 
rose 
The acid enters the cistern . . . through a leaden rote, 
which detains all solid bodies which may have accidentally 
got into the acid. Spans' Encyc. Manu/., 1. 73. 
1 1 . An ornamental annular piece of wood or 
metal surrounding the spindle of a door-lock or 
a gas-pipe at the point where it passes through 
a wall or ceiling. 12. The disease erysipelas: 
so named, popularly, from its color. 
Among the hot swellings, whereof commonly the fore- 
said imposthumes are caused, is also the rose, or erysipe- 
las, which is none other thing but an inflammation of the 
skin, which in this country we call the rose. 
Mosan's Physic (4th ed.), p. 595. (Nares.) 
13. In Eng. hist., one of the two rival factions, 
York and Lancastrian. See Wars of the Roses, 
below. 
Henry VII., combining the interests of the rival Roses, 
combines the leading characteristics of their respective 
policies. Stubbs, Const. Hist., 373. 
14. A circular card or disk, or a diagram with 
radiating lines: as, the compass-card or rose of 
the compass ; the barometric rose, which shows 
the barometric pressure, at any place, in con- 
nection with the winds blowing from different 
points of the compass; a wind-rose. 15. In 
musical instruments like flutes, guitars, dulci- 
mers, and harpsichords, an ornamental device 
set in the sound-hole of the belly, and often 
serving as a trade-mark as well as a decora- 
tion. 16. A form in which precious stones, 
especially small diamonds, are frequently cut. 
Large rose diamonds were much used from the sixteenth 
to the eighteenth century, but are now quite obsolete. The 
characteristic of the rose is that it is flat below, and forms 
a hemisphere or low pyramid above, covered with small 
facets. When, as is usually the case, these facets are 24 in 
number, the cut is called a Dutch rose; when 86, a rose 
recoup* 1 *. The Brabant rose has also 24 facets, but they 
are flatter or less raised than in the Dutch rose. The rose 
cut is selected when the loss to the stone in cutting would 
be too great if the brilliant cut were selected. Hose dia- 
monds are generally cut from plates cleaved f ram the crys- 
tals of diamonds while being cleaved into brilliant form. 
See brilliant. 
17. A very small diamond, scarcely more than 
a splinter, of which as many as 400 are some- 
times necessary to make a cai-at, or 60,000 to 
make an ounce. These are seldom regularly 
cut, 6 to 8 facets only being the usual number. 
Alpine rose, Rosa alpinaof European mountains, to which 
are commonly referred the Boursault roses. The name has 
also been applied to certain species of Rhododendron, as 
R. ferruginea, etc. Ashes ofroses. See red 1,1. Attar 
of roses. See attar. Austrian rose. See yellow rose. 
Ayrshire rose, a group of climbing roses derived from 
Rosa sempervirens, the evergreen rose of southern Europe. 
Banksian rose, Rosa Danksise of China, a climber, pro- 
ducing large clusters, not hardy. Bengal rose. See 
def . 1. Blue rose, an impossibility. 
The niece of the prince-bishop of Wilna strikes us as in 
many respects a typical Pole, and ... we can only think 
of Helene Massalska as one who was, in her way, a seeker 
after blue roses. N. and Q., 7th ser., V. 120. 
Blush-rose, a delicate pink rose of the damask and other 
stocks. Bourbon rose. See def. l. Brier-rose, the 
dogrose; also, a sweetbrier. Burgundy rose, a small 
variety of Rosa centifolia. Burnet-rose or burnet- 
leafed rose. See def. 1. Canker-rose, the corn-pop- 
py, Papaver Rhceas. [Prov. Eng.] Cayenne rose. See 
Licania. Chaplet of roses, in her. See chaplefl, 3. 
Cherokee rose, Rosa Isemgata (R. Sinica), a climber 
once supposed to be indigenous in the southeastern 
United States, where it abounds, but now known to be 
from China, whence it was early introduced. Its flow- 
ers are single, pure- white, large, and profuse. It makes an 
excellent hedge-plant. China rose. See def. 1. Cnl- 
nese rose, (a) The China rose. (6) A rose-mallow, Hibis- 
cus roxa-sinenvte. See shoeblack-plant. Christmas rose. 
See Christmas and Helleborus. Cinnamon-rose, an old- 
fashioned sweet-scented rose, Rosa cinnamomea of Europe. 
Collar of roses, an ornamental or honorary collar worn 
in the time of the Tudor sovereigns as emblematic of 
the union of the houses of York and Lancaster. Corn- 
rose. See poppy and cockle!. Cotton-rose. See Filago. 
Crown of the rose, of the double rose. See crown, 
13. Crucified rose, an emblem of the Rosicrucians ; a 
rose-cross. Damask rose. See def. 1 and damask. 
Dogrose, Rosa canina, the most common wild rose of Eu- 
rope and Russian Asia. The stems are commonly erect 
the first year, 2 or 3 feet high, later elongated and rather 
straggling, armed with curved prickles ; the flowers are 
pink or white, three or four together. It is sparingly 
naturalized in Pennsylvania, etc. Double rose, in her., 
a bearing consisting of a smaller cinquefoil laid upon an- 
other larger one, the leaves or lobes of the one coming 
opposite the divisions between the leaves of the other. 
The double rose may be barbed and seeded like the rose. 
Egyptian rose, Scabiosa arcensis and S. atropurpurea, 
the latter also known as mourning-bride. Evergreen 
rose, Rosa sempervirens of southern Europe. It is the 
parent of many varieties of free-growing, hardy climbers, 
including the Ayrshires, evergreen in mild climates. 
Fairy rose, a miniature rose known as Rosa Lawrenceana, 
doubtless derived from the China rose. Field-rose, Rosa 
art'ensis, a trailing rose of western Europe, with white 
scentless flowers. French rose. See def. 1. Golden 
rose. See golden. Holland rose. See rose-cut. Holly- 
rose, (a) The rock-rose, Helianthemum. (6) Same as 
sage-rose. Hundred-leaved rose. Rosa centifolia, a stock 
of uncertain origin. See def. 1. Indian rose, the China 
rose. R. Indica. Jamaica rose, the name of species of 
Meriania, also of Blakea trinervis of the Melastomacete 
(Jamaica wild rose), a pretty greenhouse climber. Ja- 
