Rupicolinae 
or of Pipridse, founded by Selater in 1862 upon 
the genus Bupico/a. It is a small group, combining 
to some extent characters of cutingas and pipras. The 
feet are syndactylous, and the tarsi pycnaspulean. The 
genus Phcenicercus is now commonly placed under Rupi- 
cotiiuf. 
rupicoline (rp-pik'o-lin), a. [As Rupicola + 
-inel.] Inzoiil. auAbot., rock-inhabiting; grow- 
ing on rocks; living among rocks; saxicoline; 
rupestrine. 
rupicolous (ro-pik'o-lus), a. [As Rupicola + 
-OH*.] Same as rupicoline. 
RuppeH's griffin. See griffin. 
Buppia (rup'i-a), n. [NL. (Linneeus, 1737), 
named after H. B. Ruppius, author (1718) of a 
flora of Jena.] A genus of monocotyledonous 
plants of the order Naiadacese and 'tribe Po- 
tames. It is distinguished from Potamogeton, the other 
genus of the tribe, by the absence of a perianth, and by 
the long-stalked fruits, and is characterized by spiked flow- 
ers composed of two opposite stamens or four one-celled 
and nearly sessile anthers, and four or more carpels each 
containing a single pendulous ovule. The carpels, at first 
nearly or quite sessile, become elevated on slender spiral- 
ly twisted pedicels radiating from a long peduncle, each 
making in fruit an obliquely ovoid truncate nutlet with 
fleshy surface. The only certain species, R. maritiina, 
known in America as ditch-grass, in Great Britain as tassel- 
grass, etc., is one of the very few flowering plants of marine 
waters, and is found throughout temperate and subtropi- 
cal regions in salt-marshes, brackish ditches, and inlets of 
the sea. It grows in submerged tufts of thread-like fork- 
ing and wiry stems from a Hliform rootstock. It bears 
opposite and alternate leaves, which are long and bristle- 
shaped with a sheathing base, and inconspicuous flowers, 
usually two, in a terminal spike, at first covered by the 
sheathing leaf. 
ruptile (rup'til), a. [< NL. "ruptilis. < L. rum- 
pere, pp. ruptus, break: see rupture.] Inbot., 
dehiscent by an irregular splitting or breaking 
of the walls; rupturing: said of seed-vessels. 
ruption (rup'shon), n. [< OF. ruption, < L. rup- 
tio(n-), a breaking, < rumpere, pp. ruptutt, break: 
see rupture.] A breach ; a bursting open ; rup- 
ture. Cotgrave. 
Plethora causes an extravasation of blood, by ruption or 
apertion. Wiseman, Surgery. 
ruptive (rup'tiv), a. [< L. rumpere, pp. ruptus, 
break: see rupture.] Causing or tending to 
cause breakage. [Rare.] 
Certain breakages of this class may perhaps to some ex- 
tent be accounted for by the action of a torsional ruptive 
force on rounding curves. The Engineer, LXIX 49i 
ruptuary (rup'tu-a-ri), . ; pi. ruptnaries (-riz). 
[< ML. rupturariu's, < ruptura, a field, a form of 
feudal tenure ; of. roturier, and see rupture.] A 
roturier; a member of the plebeian class, as con- 
trasted with the nobles. [Rare.] 
The exclusion of the French rup(wnrts("roturier8," for 
history must find a word for this class when it speaks of 
other nations) from the order of nobility. Chenevix. 
rupture (rup'tur), n. [< OF. rupture, roupturc, 
routure, a rupture, breach, F. rupture = Sp. 
ruptura, rotura = Pg. ruptura = It. rottura, < 
L. ruptura. a breaking, rapture (of a limb or 
vein), in ML. also a road, a field, a form of feu- 
dal tenure, a tax, etc., < rumpere, pp. ruptus, 
break, burst; cf. Lith. rupas, rough, AS. red- 
fan, Icel. rjufa, break, reave, Skt. / rup, lap, 
break, destroy, spoil. From the L. rumpere are 
also ult. E. abrupt, corrupt, disrupt, erupt, in- 
terrupt, irruption, rofcl, rout?, rout*, routel, rou- 
tine, rufl. To the same ult. root belong reave, 
ro&l, robe, rove*, rover, etc., loot.] 1. The act 
of breaking or bursting; the state of being 
broken or violently parted : as, a rupture of the 
skin ; the rupture of a vessel or fiber. 
Their brood as numerous hatch, from the egg that soon 
Bursting with kindly rupture forth disclosed 
Their callow young. Milton, P. L., vii. 419. 
2. Inpatliol., hernia, especially abdominal her- 
nia. 3. A breach of peace or concord, either 
between individuals or between nations ; open 
hostility or war between nations ; a quarrel. 
Thus then wee see that our Ecclesiall and Political! 
choyses may content and sort as well together without any 
rupture in the State as Christians and Freeholders. 
Milton, Reformation in Eng., ii. 
When the parties that divide the commonwealth come 
to a rupture, it seems every man's duty to choose a side 
Swift. 
In honest words, her money was necessary to me; and 
in a situation like mine any thing was to be done to pre- 
vent a rupture. Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, xliv. 
Moment of rupture. See moment. Plane of rup- 
ture, the plane along which the tendency of a body (es- 
pecially a mass of loose earth) under pressure to give way 
by sliding is the greatest Radius 0' rupture. See 
MM*, i (&X- Rupture of the ccoroid, a rent of the 
choroidal tunic, due usually to mechanical injuries as a 
blow, a gunshot wound, etc. = Syn. 1. Breach, etc. See 
fracture. 
rupture (rup'tur), v. ; pret. and pp. ruptured, 
ppr. rupturing. [< rupture, n.] I. trans. 1. 
5276 
To break; burst; part by violence : as, to rup- 
ture a blood-vessel. 2. To affect with or cause 
to suffer from rupture or hernia. 3. To cause 
a break or severance of: as, to runture friendly 
relations. 
II. intrans. 1. To suffer a break or rupture ; 
break. 2. In bot., specifically, to dehisce ir- 
regularly ; dehisce in a ruptile manner. 
When ripe the antheridia rupture or dehisce transversely 
at the top. /,J/aoMto)idDecown,Botany(trans.),p.933. 
rupturewort (rup'tur-wert), n. A plant of the 
genus Berniaria, especially H. glabra of Eu- 
rope and Asiatic Russia (see burstwort) ; also, 
an amarantaceous plant of the West Indies, Al- 
ternanthera polygonoides, somewhat resembling 
Herniaria. 
rural (ro'ral), a. and n. [< OF. (and F.) rural 
Ruscus 
2. That which is rural : a characteristic of ru- 
ral life; a rusticity. [Rare.] 
The old almanac-makers did well in wedding their pages 
with ruralities. D. G. ititchell, Bound Together, iii. 
ruralize (ro'ral-iz), r. ; pret. and pp. ruralized, 
ppr. ruralizing. [< rural + -ite.] "I. trans. To 
render rural ; give a rural character or appear- 
ance to. 
The curling cloud 
Of city smoke, by distance ruralized. 
Wardisu-orth, Prelude, i. 
This tardy favorite of fortune, . . . wilh not a trace 
that I can remember of the sea, thoroughly ruralized from 
head to foot, proceeded to escort us up the hill. 
The Century, XXVII. 29. 
II. intrans. To go into the country ; dwell in 
the country; rusticate. Imp. Diet. 
,, _ ... u . . , ., . Also spelled ruralise. 
= Pr. Sp. Pg. rural = It. rurale, < L. ruratis, ru- rurally (ro'ral-i), adv. In a rural manner; as 
ral,<rws(rr-), the country, perhaps contr. from in the country: as, the cottage is rurally situ- 
"rorus or "ravus, and "akin to Russ. raviina, a ated at some distance from the body of the 
plain, Zend ravan, a plain, E. room : see room 1 , town. 
Hence ult. (from L. rus) also rustic, rusticate, ruralness (ro'ral-nes), n.' The character of 
etc., roister, roif,etc.] I. a. 1. Oforpertain- being rural. 
ing to the country, as distinguished from a city mrdt, n. A variant of reard. 
or town; belonging to or characteristic of the ruricolistt (i-Q-rik'o-list), n. [< L. ruricola (> 
country. _ F. ruricole), a dweller in the country (< rus 
(rur-), the country, + colcre, dwell, inhabit, 
till), ,+ -ist.] An inhabitant of the country ; a 
rustic. Bailey. 
ruridecanal (ro-ri-dek'a-nal), a. [< L. rus 
(rur-), the country, + LL. rfeconMS, dean: see 
He spied his lady in rich array, 
As she walk'd ower a rural plain. 
John Thomson and the Turk (Child's Ballads, III. 852). 
The smell of grain, or tedded grass, or kine. 
Or daily, each rural sight, each rural sound. 
Milton, P. L., ix. 451. 
The traveller passed rapidly . . . into a rural region, 
where the neighborhood of the town was only felt in the 
advantages of a near market for corn, cheese, and hay. 
George Eliot, Felix Holt, Int. 
2. Pertaining to agriculture or farming: as, 
rural economy. 3. Living in the country; rurigenoust (rp-rij'e-nus). a. 
rustic. 
decanal.] Of or belonging to a rural dean or a 
rural deanery. 
My contention was, in a ruridecanal chapter lately held, 
that bishops suffragan ought thus to be addressed In virtue 
of their spiritual office. IT. and Q., 7th ser., VIII. 487. 
Where vertue is in a gentyl man, it is commonly myxte 
with more sufferance, more affabilitie and myldenes, than 
L. rnrigena, 
born in the country, < rus (rur-) + -gena, < gig- 
nere, be born: see -genous.] Born in the coun- 
try. Bailey, 1727. 
Shot., A. and C., v. 2. 233. 
Rural dean, deanery, Dionysia, lock, etc. See the 
nouns. = Syn. 1. Rural, Rustic, Pastoral, Buculie. Rural 
is always used in a good sense, and is applied chiefly to 
things: as, rural pleasures ; rural scenery. Rustic is used 
in a good sense, but also has a sense implying a lack of 
the refinements of the town or city: as, rustic gallantry. 
Pastoral means belonging to a shepherd or his kind of life ; 
bucolic, belonging to the care of cattle or to that kind of 
life. Pastoral is always used in a good sense; bucolic is 
now often used with a shade of contempt. 
For I have lov'd the rural walk through lanes 
Of grassy swarth, close cropp'd by nibbling sheep, 
And skirted thick with intertexture flrni 
Of thorny boughs. Cowper, Task, 1. 109. 
The rural lass. 
Whom once her virgin modesty and grace, 
Her artless manners and her neat attire, 
Ho dignified, that she was hardly less 
Than the fair shepherdess of old romance, 
Is seen no more. Cmaper, Task, iv. 538. 
[Cowper applies rural to persons as well as things.] 
What at first seemed rustic plainness now appears re- 
fined simplicity. Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conque.r, v. 
Might we but hear 
The folded flocks penn'd in their wattled cotes, 
Or sound of pastoral reed with oaten stops. 
Milton, Comus, 1. 345. 
II. t A countryman; a rustic. 
Amongst rurals verse is scarcely found. 
Middleton, Father Hubbard's Tales. 
Beckon the Rurals in ; the Country-gray 
Seldom ploughs treason. 
Deklcer and Ford, Sun's Darling, ii. 
Ruralest (rg-ra'lez), H. pi. [NL. (Linnams, 
taining the large East Indian stags, with cylin- 
dric antlers forked at the top and developing a 
'/> .^<t% 
Sambur Deer (Rusa aristotelis}. 
brow-tine, and a tuft of hair on the hind legs ; 
the rusine deer. They are relate,! to such species as 
v , -- , 7 ... j... ,_ v , the elk or wapiti of America, and the hart or red deer of 
1758), pi. of Li.ruralis, rural: see rural.] Afam- Europe. One of these large deer was known to Aris'otle; 
ily Of butterflies, coming between the Papilio- ? 1 ut the species now called Cm or Rusa aristotelis is 
*,)_ , . , r ' , ,.j 6 ~" * "/">' the fambur, that commonly known as the rusa be g Cer- 
mdee tma me A ymphalidx, and including the ly- 
cseninie and the Erycininse. They have six per- 
fect legs in the females and four in the males. 
Ruraliat (rjj-ra'li-a), n. pi. Same as Rurales. 
ruralise, r. See ruralize. 
ruralism (ro'ral-izm), n. [< rural + -ism.] 1. 
The state of b'eing rural. 2. An idiom or ex- 
pression peculiar to the country as opposed to rusalka, n. [Russ.] In Russian folk-lore, a 
ma or Rwm hippelaphus. Both are of great size and have a 
mane. 
2. [I. c.] A species of this genus, especially 
R. hippelaphus. 
rusa 2 (ro'sa), n. The lemon-grass or ginger- 
grass, Andropogon SclicenantJtus, yielding rusa- 
oil. [East Indian.] 
the town. Imp. Diet. 
ruralist (ro'ral-ist), w. 
who leads a rural life. 
[< rural + -ist.] One 
You have recalled to my thoughts an image which must 
have pleaded strongly with our Egyptian ntralists for a 
direct and unqualified adoration of the solar orb. 
Coventry, Philemon to Hydaspes, iii. 
water-nymph. 
Mermaids and mermen . . . have various points of re- 
semblance to the vodyany or water-sprite and the rusalka 
or stream-fairy of Russian mythology 
Encyc. Brit , XVI. 39. 
Rivers ... are supposed to be the especial resort of 
the Rusallfas or water-nymphs. Dressed in green leaves, 
they will sit on the banks combing out their flowing locks. 
Their strength is in their hair, and if it becomes dry. they 
die. A. J. C. Hare, Studies in Russia, viii. 
rurality (ro-ral'i-ti), H. [< F. ruralite, < ML. 
ruraKta(t-)?, < li.ruralis. rural: see rural.] 1. 
The state or quality of being rural; ruralness. rusa-oil (rb'sa-oil). n. The oil of ginger-grass. 
[Rare.] See ginger-arass and Andropogon. 
To see the country relapse into a state of arcadian rural- RUSCUS (rus'kus), . [NL. (fournefort, 1700), 
ity. Tlte American, v. 97. < L. rusciini, also rust urn, butcher's-broorn : see 
