saccharum 
spikelet of a pair. It resembles Zea, the Indian corn, with 
monoecious flowers, and Arundo, the cane, with several- 
flowered spikelets, In liahlt only. It includes about 12 
species, natives of warm I'egions, probably all originally 
of the Old World. They are tall grasses, with leaves which 
are flat, or convolute when dry, and flowers in a large ter- 
minal panicle, densely sheathed everywhere with long silky 
hairs. By far the most important species is S. officinarum, 
the common sugar-cane. See sugar-cane ; also kans and 
maonja. Saccharum candidum. Same as rock-candy. 
Saccharum hordeatuin, barley-sugar. Saccharum 
lactis, sugar of milk. Saccharum mannse. Same as 
Manntte. Saccharum saturni, sugar of lead. 
sacci, n. Plural of saccits. 
sacciferous (sak-sif e-rus). a. [< L. saccus, 
sack, + ferre = E. bear 1 .] In anat., zool., and 
hot., having a sac, in any sense ; saccate. 
sacciform (sak'si-form), a. [< L. saccus, sack, 
+ forma, form.] Having the form of a sac ; 
saccate or saccular ; bursif orm ; baggy Sacci- 
form aneurism, an aneurism with a distinct sac, and 
involving only part of the circumference of the artery. 
Also called saccular or Mandated aneurism. 
Saccobranchia (sak-o-brang'ki-a), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. oa/tKOf, sack, -I- fipayxia, gills.] A divi- 
sion of tunicates, including the typical ascid- 
ians, as distinguished from the Dactyliobranchia 
and Teeniobranchia, having vascular saccate 
gills. Also Saccobranchiata. Owen. 
saccobranchiate (sak-o-brang'ki-at), a. and . 
[< Gr. aaKKoe, sack, + flpayxta, gills, + -ate 1 .'] I. 
a. Having saccate gills; belonging to the Sac- 
cobranchia. 
II. n. A member of the Saccobranchia. 
Saccobranchinse (sak"o-brang-ki'ne), n. pi. 
[NL., < Saccobranchus + -inse.] A subfamily of 
Siluridse, typified by the genus Saccobranchus. 
Saccobranchus (sak-o-brang'kus), n. [NL., < 
Gr. o-d/otof, sack, -I- jipay^ia, gills.] A genus 
of East Indian catfishes of the family Siluridee, 
having a lung-like saccular extension of the 
branchial cavity backward between the mus- 
cles along each side of the vertebral column: 
typical of the subfamily Saccobrancliinas. 
Saccocirridse (sak-o-sir'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Saeeocirrus^ + -idse.] A family of chtetopod an- 
nelids, typified by the genus Saeeocirrus. 
Saccocirridea (sak"6-si-rid'e-a), n.pl. [NL., 
< Saeeocirrus + -i(lea.~\ The Saccocirridee ele- 
vated to the rank of a class of Ch&topoda. 
Saeeocirrus (sak-o-sir' us), n. [NL. , < L. saccus, 
sack, + cirrus, a tuft of hair: see cirrus.] The 
typical genus of Saccocirridse. 
Saccolabium(sak-o-la'bi-um), n. [NL. (Blume, 
1825), < L. saecus, sack, + labium, lip.] A 
genus of orchids of the tribe Yandex and sub- 
tribe Saiwantheie. It is characterized by the uuappen- 
daged column, by a lip with saccate base or with a straight 
descending spur, and by flat and spreading sepals and 
petals, with the inflorescence in racemes which are often 
much-branched and profusely flower-bearing. It dif- 
fers from the related genus Vanda in its smaller flowers 
and its commonly slender pollen-stalk. It includes about 
20 species, natives of the East Indies and the Malay 
archipelago. They are epiphytes without pseudobulbs, 
but having their stems clad with two-ranked flat and 
spreading leaves, which are usually coriaceous or fleshy, 
and which cover the stem permanently by their persistent 
sheaths. The flowers in many cultivated species are of 
considerable size and great beauty, forming a dense re- 
curving raceme. In other species they are small and 
scattered, or in some minute and panicled. 
saccoleva, sackalever (sak-o-lev's, sak-a- 
lev'er). n. [= F. sacoleve.] A Levantine ves- 
sel with one lateen sail; also, a Greek vessel 
of about 100 tons, with a foremast raking very 
much forward, having a square topsail and 
topgallantsail, a sprit foresail, and two small 
masts abaft, with lateen yards and sails. Ham- 
ersly, Naval Encyc. 
saccomyian (sak-o-mi'i-an), n. [< Saccomys + 
-ian.] A pocket-mouse of the genus Saccomys; 
a saccomyid. 
Saccomyid (sak-o-mi'id), n. A member of the 
Saccomyidas; a pocket-rat or pocket-mouse. 
Also, improperly, saccomyd. 
Saccomyidae (sak-o-mi'i-de), . pi. [NL., < 
Saccomys + -idx.] 1. Same as Saccomyina and 
Saecomyoidca. Lilljebori/, 1866. 2. A family 
of myomorphic rodents named from the genus 
Saccomys, confined to North America and the 
West Indies.having external cheek-pouches and 
a murine aspect; the pocket-rats or pocket- 
mice. The genera besides Saccomys are Heteromys, Di- 
podomys, Perognathus, and Cricetodipus. The species of 
Dtpodomi/s are known as kanf/aroo-rats. The family in 
this restricted sense is divided by Coues into three sub- 
families, Dipodomyinee, Peroffnathinte, and Heleromyina. 
See cuts under Dipodomys and Perognathus. 
Saccomyina (sak"o-mi-i'na), . pi. [NL., < 
Saccomys + -ii/a 2 .] A group of myomorphic 
rodents, named by G. R. Waterhouse in 1848, 
containing all the rodents with external cheek- 
pouches : same as Saccomyoidea, 
5290 
Saccomyinse (sak''o-mi-i'ue), n. pi. [NL., < 
Saccomyn + -inse.] Same as Saccomyidse, 2. 
S. F. Baird, 1857; J. E. Gray, 1868. 
saccomyoid (sak-o-mi'oid), a. and n. [< Sac- 
COIHIJK + -aid.] I. a. Having external cheek- 
pouched, as a rodent; pertaining to the Sac- 
comyoidea. 
It. n. A member of the Saccomyoidea; a 
pocket-rat, pocket-mouse, or pocket-gopher. 
Saccomyoidea (sak"o-mi-oi'de-a), . pi. [NL., 
< Saccomys + -oidea.] A superfamily of myo- 
morphic rodents, named by Gill in 1872, con- 
taining all those with external cheek-pouches, 
or the two families Saccomyidse and Geouiyidir. 
The mastoid bone is moderately developed, and the occip- 
ital correspondingly reduced. There are no postorbital 
processes, and the zygomatic process of the maxillary is 
an expanded perforated plate. The grinders are four on 
each side above and below. The root of the lower incisor 
is protuberant posteriorly. The descending process of 
the mandible is obliquely twisted outward and upward. 
There is a special muscle of the large external cheek- 
pouch ; all the feet are five-toed ; the upper lip is densely 
hairy, not visibly cleft, and the pelage lacks under-fur. 
See cuts under Geomyidx, Dipodomys, and Perognathus. 
Saccomys (sak'o-mis). n. [NL. (F. Cuvier, 
1823), < Gr. oanKOf, sack, + five, a mouse.] An 
obscure genus of Saccomyidse, giving name to 
the family, probably synonymous with Hetero- 
mys of Desmarest. A species is named S. an- 
thophilus, but has never been satisfactorily 
identified. 
saccoont, . In fencing, same as seconde. 
There were the lively Gauls, animated and chattering, 
ready to wound every Pillar with their Canes, as they 
pass'd by, either in Tere, Cart, or Sacrum. 
Ashton, Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, 1. 135. 
Saccopharyngidae (sak"o-fa-rin'ji-de), n. pi. 
[< Saccopharynx (-pharyng-) + -idse.] A family 
of lyomerous fishes, represented by the genus 
Saccopharynx. They have five branchial arches, the 
abdominal division much longer than the rostrobraii- 
chial ; the tail ex- 
cessively elongat- 
ed and attenu- 
ated; the eyes 
anterolateral ; the 
jaws moderately 
extended back- 
ward (in compari- 
son with the &HV- Botae-fch u, cntkaryn , am ,uti a <,u, i. 
plMryntriase), and distended by another fish in its stomach. 
apparently not 
closable against each other ; enlarged teeth in one or both 
jaws ; the dorsal and anal fins feebly developed, and the 
pectorals short but broad. The family is represented by 
apparently 2 species, by some supposed to be conspecific. 
They reach a length of 5 or 6 feet, of which the tail forms 
by far the greater part. They inhabit the deep sea, and 
feed upon fishes, which may sometimes be as large as or 
larger than themselves. Individuals have been found on 
the surface of the sea helpless from distention by fishes 
swallowed superior in size to themselves. One of the spe- 
cies is the bottle-fish, Saccopharynx ampullaceus. 
Saccopharyngina (sak-o-far-in-ji'nii), n. pi. 
[NL.,< Saccopharynx (-pharyng-) + -ina 2 .] The 
Saccopharyngidse as a group of Murienidse. 
Giinther. 
saccopharyngoid(sak"o-fa-ring'goid). 11. and a. 
I. ii. A fish of the family Saccopharyngidse. 
II. a. Of or having characteristics of the 
Saccofiharyiigidse. 
Saccopharynx (sa-kof'a-ringks), n. [NL. (8. 
L. Mitchill, 1824), < Gr. "adiacof, sack, + j&pvyf, 
throat: see pharynx.] A remarkable genus 
of deep-sea fishes, typical of the family Sacco- 
l>haryngid. s. ampullaceus inhabits the North Atlan- 
tic, and is capable of swallowing flshes larger than itself. 
See cut under Saccopharyngida. 
Saccophora (sa-kof 'o-ra), . pi. [NL., neut. pi. 
of Saccophorus: see saccophore.] In J. E. Gray's 
classification of "mollusks" (1821), the fifth 
class, containing the tunicates or ascidians, 
and divided into 3 orders Holobranchia, Tomo- 
braiichia, and Diphyllobranchia. 
saccophore (sak'o-for), . [< NL. Saccoithorus, 
q. v.] 1. A rodent mammal with external 
cheek-pouches. 2. A tunicate or ascidian, as 
a member of the Saccophora. 
Saccophori (sa-kof'o-ri), 11. pi. [LL., < Gr. oan- 
Ko<l>6poc, wearing sackcloth, < a&KKOf, sack, + 
<l>epeiv = E. bearl.] A party of Christian peni- 
tents in the fourth century: probably "a divi- 
sion of the Eneratites. 
Saccophorus (sa-kof o-rus), n. [NL. (cf. Gr. 
aaKKoip6puc, wearing sackcloth), < Gr. odiums, sack, 
sackcloth, + -<jx>pos, < Qcpeiv = E. bear 1 .] 1. In 
/minimal., same as Geomys. Kuhl, 1820. 2. In 
cntom., a genus of coleopterous insects of the 
family Tenebrionidee. Haag-Rutenberg, 1872. 
Saccopteryx (sa-kop'te-riks), n. [NL., < Gr. 
cdicKof, sack, T vTtpvS- = E. featner.] A genus 
of South and Central American einballonurine 
bats, the males of which have a peculiar glan- 
saccus 
dular sac of the antebraehial wing-membrane, 
secreting an odoriferous sebaceous substance 
attractive to the females; sack-winged bats. 
The upper incisors are one pair, the lower three pairs. 
There are several ipecies, as S. leptura and S. biliiuata. 
saccos (sak'os), n. [< MGr. aanKof (see def.), 
< Gr. aaxKof, sack.] A short vestment worn in 
the Greek Church by metropolitans and in the 
Russian Church by all bishops. It corresponds 
to the Western dalmatic. 
Saccosoma (sak-o-so'ma), n> [NL., < Gr. od/c- 
KOf, sack, + au/ia, body.J 1. A genus of encri- 
nites, containing forms which were apparent- 
ly free-swimming like the living members of 
the genus Comatiila. They are found in the 
Oolite. 2. A genus of coleopterous insects. 
Motschulsky, 1845. 
Saccostomus (sa-kos'to-mus), n. [NL., < Gr. 
OO.KKOC,, sack, + ar6/ta, mouth.] A genus of 
hamsters of the subfamily Cricetinx and family 
Muridte, having the molar teeth triserially tu- 
berculate. See hamster. 
saccular (sak'u-lar), a. [< saccule + -at-3.] 
Like a sac ; saccate in form^sacciform : as, a 
saccular dilatation of the stomach or intestine. 
Saccular aneurism. Same as sacciform aneurism 
(which see, under sacciform). Saccular glands, com- 
pound glands in which the divisions of the secreting 
cavity assume a saccular form. 
sacculate (sak'u-lat), . [< NL. sacculatus, < 
L. sacculus, a little sack : see saccule.] Formed 
of or furnished with a set or series of sac-like 
dilatations; sacculiferous ; sacculated: as, a 
sacculate stomach; a sacculate intestine. See 
cuts under leech and intestine. 
sacculated (sak'u-la-ted), . [< sacculate + 
-ed 2 .] Same as sacculate Sacculated aneurism. 
.Same as sacciform aneurism (which see, under sacciform 1 ). 
Sacculated bladder, a bladder having a sacculus as 
an abnormal formation. 
sacculation (sak-u-la'shpn), n. [< sacculate + 
-ion.] The formation of a sac or saccule ; a set 
of sacs taken together: as, the saccitlatioti of the 
human colon, or of the stomach of a semno- 
pithecoid ape. See cuts under alimentary and 
intestine. 
saccule (sak'ul), ii. [< L. sacculus, dim. of sac- 
CMS,abag,sack: geesucfc 1 .] 1 . A sac or cyst ; es- 
pecially, a little sac ; a cell; a sacculus. Specifi- 
cally 2. In anat., the smaller of two sacs in 
the vestibule of the membranous labyrinth of 
the ear, situated in the fovea hemispherica, in 
front of the utricle, connected with the mem- 
branous canal of the cochlea by the canalis 
reunions, and prolonged in the aquseductus 
vestibuli to a pyriform dilatation, the saccus 
endolymphaticus Saccule of the larynx. Same 
as laryngeal pouch (which see, under pouch). Vestibular 
saccule. See def. 2. =Syn. SeewiiA 
sacculi, w. Plural of sacculus. 
Sacculina (sak-u-U'na), . [NL. (J. Vaughan 
Thompson, about 1830), < L. sacculus, a little 
sack, + -fna 1 .] 1. A genus of cirripeds of the 
division Rhizocephala, type of a family Saccu- 
linidx. The species are parasitic upon crabs. 
See cut under Rhizocephala. 2. [/. c.] A spe- 
cies of this genus. 
sacculine (sak'u-lin), a. [< NL. Sacntlina, q. v.] 
Of or pertaining to the genus Sacculina or fam- 
ily Sacculinidee. 
Instead of rising to its opportunities, the sacculine 
Nauplius, having reached a certain point, turned back. 
H. Drummond, Natural Law in the Spiritual World, p. 344. 
Sacculinidae (sak-u-lin'i-de), n.pl. [NL., < Sac- 
cidina + -idee.] A family of rhizocephalous cir- 
ripeds, represented by the genus Sacculina. 
sacculus (sak'u-lus), .; p\. sacculi (-11). [NL.,< 
L.saccZs,alittlesack: seesaccule.] Asaccule. 
Sacculi Of the colon, the irregular dilatations caused 
by the shortness of the longitudinal muscular bands. 
Sacculus caecalis. Same as laryngeal pouch (which see, 
under pouch). Sacculus chy lifer. Same as receptacu- 
lum chyli. Sacculus communis, sacculus hemiellip- 
ticus. Same as utricle of the vestibule (which see, under 
utricle). Sacculus of the larynx. Same as laryngeal 
pouch (which see, under pouch). Sacculus proprius, 
sacculus rotundUS. Same as testibular saccule (which 
see, under saccule). Sacculus semiovalis. Same as 
utricle of the vestibule (which see, under utridt). Vesl- 
cal sacculus, a protrusion of the mucous lining of the 
bladder between the bundles of fibers of the muscular 
coat, so as to form a sort of hernia. Also called apuen- 
dixhernige. Vestibular sacculus. Same as mccule, 2. 
= Syn. SeegacS. 
saccus (sak'us), .; pi. sacci (sak'si). [NL., < 
L. saccus, < Gr. oaKnor. a bag, sack: see xrtc/l.] 
1. In anat. and jo67. , a sac. 2. [cap.] la conch., 
a genus of gastropods: same as Ampullaria. 
Fabric/us, 1823 Saccus endolymphatlcus, the di- 
lated blind extremity of the ductus endolymphaticus, the 
canal leading from the utricle through the aqucedmtus 
vestibuli. SacCUS vasculOSUS, a vascular organ in the 
brain of some elnsmobranchiate fishes, as the skate. See 
