safeguard 
Enter Moll in a frieze jerkin and u black ./r, r,,,,,,w. 
Middleton and DeMer, Roaring Girl, ii. 1. 
Her mother's hood and mfe-yuard too 
He brought with him. 
The Sti/M Miracle (Child's Ballads, I. 2-20). 
5. A rail-guard at railway switches and cross- 
ings. 6. A contrivance attached to a locomo- 
tive, designed to throw stones and other light 
obstructions from the rails. 7. In ceram., a 
saggar. 8. \nzoiil.. a monitor-lizard. SeeM<>- 
itor, 6. 
safeguard (saf 'gard), r. t. [Formerly also nufi - 
gard; < safeguard, .] To guard; protect. 
Fighting men, as on a tower mounted, 
Safe'iard themselves & doe their foes annoy. 
Times 1 Whittle (E. E. T. S.\ p. 129. 
To safeyuard thine own life 
1'he best way is to venge my Gloucester's death. 
SAa*., Rich. II., Li 35. 
safe-keeping (saf'ke'ping), . The act of keep- 
ing or preserving in safety from injury or from 
escape; secure guardianship. Imp. Diet. 
safely (saf'li), adr. [< ME. surely, saufly, gaitf- 
liefit; < xttfe + -'//'*.] In a safe manner, (a) 
Without incurring danger or hazard of evil consequences. 
For unto vertue longeth dignytee, 
And nought the reverse, sacely dar I deeine. 
Chaucer, Oentilesse, 1. 6. 
I muy safely say I have read over this apologetical ora- 
tion of my Uncle Toby's a hundred times. 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, vi. 31. 
(*) Without hurt or injury ; in safety. 
That my ships 
Are safely come to road. 
SA*-.,M. of V., v. 1. 288. 
(c) In close custody ; securely ; carefully. 
Till then 1 11 keep him dark and safely lock'd. 
Shot., All's Well, iv. 1. 104. 
safeness (saf'nes), . [< ME. saafnesse; < safe 
+ -lie**.] The state or character of being safe 
or of conferring safety. 
Saafnesse, or salvacyon. Salvacio. 
J'roinpt. 1'arv., p. 440. 
safe-pledge (saf'plej), M. In lair, a surety ap- 
pointed for one's appearance at a day assigned. 
saferayt, A Middle English form of sarory' 2 . 
safety (saf'ti), . [< ME. safte, suvete, < OF. 
gauvetc, salceteit, F. saurete = Pr. salvetat, saii- 
betat = Sp. salcedad (cf. It. saleezza), < ML. stil- 
rita(t-)s, < L. sulvus, safe: see safe.] 1. Im- 
munity from harm or danger; preservation or 
freedom from injury, loss, or hurt. 
Thenking, musing hys soules sarnie. 
As will man as woman, to say in breue. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 6170. 
Would I were in an alehouse in London ! 1 would give 
nil my fame for a pot of ale and safety. 
Shak., Hen. V., ill. 4 14. 
2. An unharmed or uninjured state or condi- 
tion: as, to escape in safety. 
He hadde fer contrey to ride that marched to his eiimyes 
er he com in to his londe in safte. 
Merlin (E. E. T. S.X iii. 471. 
Edward . . . 
Hath pass'd in safety through the narrow seas. 
Shak., 3 Hen. VI., iv. s. 3. 
3. Freedom from risk or possible damage or 
hurt; safeness. 
"Knowest thou not that Holy Writ saith, In the multi- 
tude of counsel there is safety?" "Ay, madam," said Wal- 
ter, "but I have heard learned men say that the safety 
spoken of is for the physicians, not the patient." 
Scott, Kenilworth, xv. 
4f. A safeguard. 
Let not my jealousies be your dishonours, 
But mine own safeties. Shale., Macbeth, iv. 3. 3(). 
5. Safe-keeping; close custody. [Rare.] 
Imprison him ; . . . 
Deliver him to safety and return. 
Shot., K. John, iv. 2. 158. 
6. A safety-bicycle. [Recent and colloq.] 7. 
In foot-hall, a safety touch-down Council of 
safety. See council. Safety touch-down, see tmich- 
doum. 
safety-arch (saf'ti-arch), . Same as arch of 
eKteSarae (which see, under arch*). 
safety-beam (saf'ti-bem), n. A timber fasten- 
ed at each side of the truck-frame of a railway- 
car, having iron straps which pass beneath the 
axles to support them in case of breakage. 
safety-belt (saf'ti-belt), n. A belt made of 
some buoyant material or inflated to sustain a 
person in water; a life-belt ; a safety-buoy. See 
life-jircxerfer. 
safety-bicycle (saf 'ti-bi*si-kl). M. A low- 
wheeled bicycle, with multiplying gear, having 
the wheels equal, or nearly equal, in diameter. 
safety-bolt (saf'ti-bolt), '. A bolt which can 
be locked in place by a padlock or otherwise. 
safety-bridle (sM'tf-tori'dl), n. In harness, a 
bridle fitted with checking apparatus for ro- 
.-,300 
straining a horse if lie attempts to run. See 
gctfety-retH. 
safety-buoy (saf'ti-boi), n. A safety-belt. 
safety-cage (saf'ti-kaj), . In mining, a cage 
fitted up with apparatus by means of which 
a fall will be prevented in case of breakage of 
the rope. Also called jMinifhiiti: 
safety-car (saf'ti-kar), n. 1. A car to run 
on a hawser passed between a stranded ves- 
sel and the laud; a life-car. 2. A barney; a 
small car used on inclined planes and slopes 
to push up a mine-car. I'enn. Geol. Sitrr., 
Glossary. 
safety-catch (saf ti-kach), . In mining, one 
of the catches provided to hold the cage in 
case of a breakage of the rope by which it is 
suspended. See safety-stop. 
safety-chain (saf'ti-chan), . On a railway, 
an extra chain or coupling attached to a plat- 
form or other part of a car to prevent it from 
being detached in case of accident to the main 
coupling ; a check-chain of a car-truck ; a safe- 
ty-link. Brake safety-chain, a chain secured to a 
brake-beam and to the truck or body of a car, to hold the 
brake-beam if the brake-hanger should give way. 
safety-disk (saf'ti-disk), . A disk of sheet- 
copper inserted in the skin of a boiler, so as 
to intervene between the steam and au escape- 
pipe. The copper is so light that an over-pressure of 
steam breaks the disk and the stam escapes through the 
pipe. E. B. Knight. 
safety-door (saf'ti-dor), . In coal-mixing, a 
door hinged to the roof, and hung near a main 
door, so as to be ready for immediate use in 
case of an accident happening to the main 
door by an explosion or otherwise. 
safety-funnel (saf 'ti-fun"el), n. Along-necked 
glass funnel for introducing acids, etc., into 
liquids contained in bottles or retorts and un- 
der a pressure of gas. E. H. Knight. 
safety-fuse (saf'ti-fuz), . See /use 2 . 
safety-grate (saf'ti-grat), . On a railway, a 
perforated plate placed over the fire-box of a 
car-heater to prevent the coals from falling out 
in case the heater is accidentally overturned. 
safety-hanger (saf'ti-hang'er), n. On a rail- 
way, an iron strap or loop designed to prevent 
a brake, rod, or other part from falling on the 
line in case of breakage. . H. Kniglit. 
safety-hatch (saf'ti-haeh), . 1. A hatch for 
closing an elevator-shaft when the cage is not 
passing, or a hatchway when not in use. 2. 
A hatchway or elevator-shaft arranged with 
doors or traps at each floor, which are opened 
and closed automatically by the elevator-car in 
passing ; or a series of traps in a shaft arranged 
to close in case of fire by the burning of a cord 
or by the release of a rope, which permits all 
the traps to close together. 
safety-hoist (saf'ti-hoist), . 1. A hoisting- 
gear on the principle of the differential pulley, 
which will not allow its load to descend by the 
run. 2. A catch to prevent an elevator-cage 
from falling in case the rope breaks. E. H. 
Knight. 
safety-hook (saf'ti-hiik), H. 1 . A form of safe- 
ty-catch in a mine-hoist. It is a hook BO arranged 
as to engage a support automatically in case of breakage 
of the hoisting-gear. 
2. A hook fastened when shut by a spring or 
screw, intended to prevent a watch from being 
detached from its chain by accident or a jerk. 
K. H. Knight. 
safety-ink (saf'ti-ingk), . See ink 1 . 
safety-lamp (saf'ti-lamp), H. In mining, a form 
of lamp intended for use in coal-mining, the 
object of the arrangement being to prevent the 
inflammable gas by which the miner is often 
surrounded from being set on fire, as would be 
safety-stop 
the case were the flame not protected from con- 
tact with the gas. The basis of the safety-lamp, an 
invention of Sir Humphry Davy in 1816, is the fact, discov- 
ered by him, that flume cannot be communicated through 
a tine wire gauze. About 784 apertures to the square 
inch is the number generally adopted, the lamp being sur- 
rounded by a cylinder, about an inch and a half in diame- 
ter, madeof ametallic gauze of this description. Various 
improvements have been made by Clanny. George Ste- 
phenson, Mneseler, and others, in the safety-lamp as ori 
ginally devised by Davy. Stephenson's lamp is called by 
the miners a geordit. The Mneseler lamp is the one chiefly 
used in Belgium, and has been introduced in England. 
The essential feature of the Davy lamp remains in all these 
improvements, the object of which, is to get more light, to 
secure a more complete combustion of the oil, and to pre- 
vent the miners from using the lamp without the gauze. 
safety-link (saf'ti-lingk), . A connection 
between a car-body and its trucks, designed to 
limit the swing of the latter. 
safety-lintel (saf'ti-lin"tel), -. A wooden lin- 
tel placed behind a stone lintel in the aperture 
of a door or window. 
safety-lock (saf'ti-lok), . 1. A lock so con- 
trived that it- cannot be picked by ordinary 
means. 2. In firearms, a lock provided with 
a stop, catch, or other device to prevent acci- 
dental discharge. /-'. //. Knight. 
safety-loop (saf'ti-18p), n. In a vehicle, one of 
the loops by which tne body-strap is attached 
to the body and perch, to prevent dangerous 
rolling of the body. E. H. Knight. 
safety-match (saf'ti-mach), . See match' 2 . 
safety-paper (saf'ti-pa"per), n. A paper so 
prepared r>y mechanical or chemical processes 
as to resist alteration by chemical or mechani- 
cal means. The paper may be colored with a pigment 
which must be defaced if the surface is tampered with, 
treated with a chemical which causes writing upon it to 
become fixed in the fiber, made up of several layers hav- 
ing special characteristics, peculiarly water-marked, in- 
corporated in the pulp with a fiber of silk, etc. The last 
method is used for the paper on which I'nited States notes 
are printed. 
safety-pin (saf'ti-pin), i. A pin bent back on 
itself, the bend forming a spring, and having 
the point fitting into a kind of sheath, so that 
it may not be readily withdrawn or prick the 
wearer or others while in use. 
safety-plug (saf ti-plug), . 1. In steam-boil- 
ers, a bolthavingits center filled with a fusible 
metal, screwed into the top of the fire-box, so 
that when the water becomes too low the in- 
creased temperature melts out the metal, and 
thus admits steam into the fire-box or furnace 
to put the fire out. Also called fusible plit g. 
2. A screw-plug of fusible metal used for the 
same purpose in steam-heating boilers carry- 
ing pressures of from 5 to 10 pounds. 3. A 
form of spring-valve screwed into a barrel con- 
taining fermenting liquids to allow the gas to 
escape if the pressure becomes too great. 
safety-rail (saf'ti-ral), w. On a railway, a 
guard-rail at a switch, so disposed as to bear on 
the inside edge of a wheel-flange and thus pre- 
vent the tread from leaving the track-rail. K. 
H. Kniylit. 
safety-razor (sWti-ra'zgr), w. A razor with 
guards on each side of the edge to prevent 
the user from accidentally cutting himself in 
shaving. . H. Knight. 
safety-rein (saf 'ti-ran), . A rein intended to 
prevent a horse from running away. It actuates 
various devices to pull the bit violently into the angles of 
the horse s mouth, to cover his eyes, to tighten a choking- 
strap about his throat, etc. E. II. Knight. 
safety-Stop (saf 'ti-stop), i. 1. On an elevator 
or otner hoisting-apparatus, an automatic de- 
vice designed to 
prevent the ma- 
chine from fall- 
ing in case the 
rope or chain 
breaks. In the ac- 
companying cut, a 
is the hoisting-rope ; 
b, bar or link by 
which the attach- 
ment of the rope to 
the elevator-frame 
'/ is made through 
the intervening 
bell-cranks c, car- 
rying the sliding 
catches or pawls e ; 
d, spring which. 
Safety-stop for Freight-elevator. 
ii.the first Davy safety -lamp, in which a wire cylinder was placed .1- 
casing over the name ; b, English lamp, the light inclosed in a glass 
cylinder protected at the ton by wire gauze : c, English lamp. the gauze 
cylinder protected by upright wirt.-s : ti, French lamp (Mueselc-rNl, vvilh 
glass aii-1 gauze cylinder; r, petroleum lamp, glass and ganze. 
when the rope breaks, forces the inner ends of the bell- 
cranks downward, and the catches e outward into engage- 
ment with the ratches/, thus immediately stopping the 
descent of the elevator. 
2. In firearms, a device to lock the hammer in 
order to prevent an accidental discharge. 3. 
On a pulley or sheave, a stop to prevent run- 
ning backward. 4. In a spinning-machine, 
loom, etc., a device for arresting the motion in 
