sail 
drosses, and just mil in and make an unmitigated fool of 
liiins. II. Harpers Mag., LXXVIII. 661. 
Sailing ice. See ic. TO sail close to the wind, (o) 
To run great risk or hazard ; leave little leeway or margin 
for escape from danger or difficulty, (fe) To move or act 
with great caution ; be in circumstances requiring careful 
action, (e) To live closely up to one's income ; be strait- 
ened for money. To sail free. See/r. To sail on a 
bowline, to sail close-hauled, or with the bowlines hauled 
taut. To sail over, in arch., to pi-oject beyond a sur- 
face. Omit. 
II. trans. 1. To move or pass over or upon 
by the action of the wind upon sails, or, by 
extension, by the propelling power of oars, 
steam, etc. 
Thus time we waste, and longest leagues make short; 
Sail seas in cockles. Shalt., Pericles, iv. 4. 2. 
5306 
, whose dorsal fin is very ample. The best- 
sain 
t 
out and 
an apartm " iit 
Sailfish (Histiopkorm amtriranit. 
It was the schooner Hesperus, 
That miled the wintry sea. 
ican sailflsh, H. americantts, differs so little that it has 
been considered specifically identical by most ichthyolo- 
gists. See also mding-fith. Also called tpikt-fith. 
Longfellow, Wreck of the Hesperus. sa il. nu k e ( sa l'flok), . The whiff, a pleuronec- 
2. To direct or manage the motion, move- toid fish. [Orkneys.] 
ments, and course of; navigate: as, to sail a sail-gang (sal'gan'g), w. The seine-gang of a 
ship To sail a race, to compete in a sailing-contest. sailing vessel in the menhaden-fishery, iuclud- 
sail-t, r. *. [< ME. saylen, salyen, dance, < OF. ing their gear and boats. Also taMna-gang. 
safUr, xaillir, <tlir, F. gaillir, leap, issue forth, sail-hook (sal'huk), n. A small hook used to 
sally, dance, < L. satire, leap: see salient, and hold sail-cloth while it is being sewed, 
cf. salhf, which is related to sain as rally? sail-hoop (sal'ho'p), n. One of the rings by 
is to rails.} To dance. which fore-and-aft sails are secured to masts 
Nother Mitten ne sautrien ne singe with the giterne. and stays; a mast-hoop. 
Pier, Plowman (C), xvl 208. sailing (sa'ling), w. [< ME. seylynge, < AS. sea- 
sail 3 t, '. t. [< ME. sailen, saylen, by apheresis liny, verbal n. of segliati, sail: see sail 1 , r.] 1. 
The act of one who or of that which sails. 2. 
The art or rules of navigation ; the art or the 
act of directing a ship on a given line laid down 
in a chart; also, the rules by which a ship's 
tack is determined and represented on a chart, 
and by which the problems relating to it are 
solved. Circular sailing. See circular. Composite 
sailing. See compotite. Current-sailing, " 
To assail. 
from asailen, assail: see assail.} 
"Everyman 
Now to assaut, thatattn can," 
Quod Love. Horn, of the nose, 1. 7336. 
sailable (sa'la-bl), a. [< sail 1 , r., + -able.} 
Capable of being sailed on or through ; navi- 
gable; admitting of being passed by ships. 
[Rare.] Imp. Diet. 
sail-boat (sal'bot), . A boat propelled by or 
fitted for a sail or sails. 
sail-borne (sal' born), a. Borne or conveyed by 
sails, falconer. 
sail-broad (sal'brad), a. Spreading like a sail. 
At last his sail-broad vans 
He spreads for flight Milton, f. L., ii. 927. 
sail-burton (sal'ber'ton), n. A long tackle 
used for hoisting topsails aloft ready for bend- 
ing. 
sail-cloth (sal'kldth), n. [Early mod. E. in pi. 
sayleclothes, saleclotkes; < ME. seil-cloth, seil- 
elseth ; < sail + cloth.] Hemp or cotton canvas 
or duck, used in making sails for ships, etc. 
No Shippe can sayle without Hempe, y<" sayle clothes, the 
shroudes, stales, tacles, yarde lines, warps & Cables can 
not be made. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 243. 
Whatsoeuer sale-clothes are already transported, or at 
any time here-after to bee transported out of England into 
Prussia by the English marchants, and shall there be of- 
fered to bee solde, whether they be whole cloathes or halfe 
cloathes, they must containe both their elides. 
Ilakluyt's Voyages, I. 163. 
sail-cover (sarkuv'er), . A canvas cover 
placed as a protection over a furled sail, 
sailed (said), a. [< sain + -ed"*.} Furnished 
with sails; having sails set: as, t\A\-sailed. 
Prostrated, in most extreme ill fare, 
He lies before his liigh-a/'rf fleet. 
Chapman, Iliad, xix. 335. (Dames.) 
Over all the clouds floated like sailed ships anchored. 
L. Wallace, Ben-Hur, p. 457. 
ler 
-er 
man 
ing now established in this sense. 
There I found my sword among some of the shrowds 
, y ampe. e es- . 
known and most widely distributed species is //. ijlaiKitx, Sailmaker ( xii I ma"ker), n. One whose occupa- 
of European and some other waters, from which the Amei- tion is the making, altering, or repairing ot 
sails; in the United States navy, a warrant-of- 
ficer whose duty it is to take charge of and keep 
in repair all sails, awnings, etc. Sailmaker's 
mate, a petty officer in the United states navy, whose duty 
it is to assist the sailmaker. 
sail-needle (sal'ne"dl), . A large needle with 
a triangular tapering end, used in sewing can- 
vas for sails. See cut under needle. 
sailor (sa'lor), n. [Early mod. E. also saylor ; 
an erroneous spelling (perhap*s prob. due to con- 
formity with tailor, or with the obs. sailour, a 
dancer) of nailer: see sailer."] One who sails; 
a seaman ; a mariner ; one of the crew of a ship 
or vessel. 
quhar will I get guid gaUnr 
To sail this si-hip of mine? 
Sir Patrick Spen (Child's Ballads, III. 149). 
I see the cabin-window bright ; 
1 see the sailor at the wheel. 
Tennyson, In Memoriam, i. 
Free trade and sailors' rights. See free. Paper 
sailor. See paper-tailor. Pearly sailor, the nearly 
nautilus. Sailors' Bible, Bowdltch's Navigator. [Old 
slang.] Sailors' home, an institution where seamen 
may lodge and be cared for while on shore, or in which 
retired, aged, or infirm seafaring men are maintained. 
= 8yn. Sailor, Seaman, Mariner. To most landsmen any 
one who leads a seafaring life is a sailor. Nelson was a 
great milnr. Technically, milur applies only to the men 
before the mast. To a landsman mnnan seems a business 
term for a sailor; technically, seaman includes sailors and 
petty officers. Mariner Is an elevated, poetic, or quaint 
term for a seaman ; Mpman is a still older term. The 
technical use of mariner is now restricted to legal docu- 
ments. There Is no present distinction In name between 
--------- the men in the navy and those in the merchant marine. 
ing, the method sailor-fish (sa'lor-fish), . A sword-fish of the 
I. tha e t of a cur P famil - v Histiophoridx ; a sail-fish. See Bisti- 
ij)iwrs, sailing-fish, and cut under sail-fish. 
pi. sailormcn 
of determining the true course and disi 
when her own motion is combined with 
rent Globular sailing. See globular. Great-circle .. . -------- -- 
sailing, a method of navigation by which the courses of sailorman (sa 'Iqr-man), w. 
the ship are so laid as to carry her over a great circle, l-mfn) A ailnr" n sp'umnn 
which is the shortest path between two points on the a ' 
wc is the shortest path between two poin 
globe. Mercatpr's sailing, a method in which problems 
are solved according to the principles applied in Mercator's 
projection. See Mercator's chart, under chart. Middle- .-i i 
latitude sailing. See JoMd. Oblique sailing. See sailor-plant (sa lor-plant), w. 
oblique. Order of sailing. 
It is not always blowing at sea, a mercy sailor-men are 
grateful for. W. C. Russell, Jack's Courtship, xxix. 
The beefsteak- 
plant or strawberry-geranium, Saj-ifraga sar- 
mentosa. 
lailor's-choice (sa'lorz-chois), w. 1. A sparine 
fish, the pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides. it has a 
general resemblance to a scup or porgy, but the front teeth 
are broad and emarginate. It is common along the eastern 
American coast. See cut under Lagodon. 
2. AfiuhjOrtlioiiristischrysopterus; the pig-fish. 
The dorsal and anal fins are nearly naked, and the posterior 
dorsal spines are abbreviated. The fish is of a light brown 
above, silvery below, with numerous orange and yellow 
spots, which are aggregated in oblique lines above the lat- 
eral line, and in horizontal ones below it. It is an impor- 
tant food-fish along the eastern American coast, especially 
In the south. 
sa'lorz-pers), . An i 
ays and sharks, whi __ 
deiit. fiotirwr. Traverse sailing, the case iii plane- found empty on the sea-shore. See cut under 
sailing where a ship makes several courses in succession, nierniaid's-piirse. [Humorous.] 
the track being zigzag, and the directions of its several sailOUrt, [ME. sailmir, Saillow, salyare, < OF. 
isinSSfssJsisEra .* et h h er a ; -- "*, H ^cev, < L/,;, ,. 
single equivalent imaginary course and distance may be '""> dance: see sou'.} A dancer. 
found which the ship would have described had she sailed Ther was manv rvmhontpr 
direct for the place of destination; finding this single And 3rt? tLt Ida wel swere 
course is callecf working or resolving a traverse, which is Crathe heTc^aft ful nerfltlv 
effected by trigonometrical computation or by the aid of ul **Tjg k of0u Kotef L - 70 _ 
sail-room (sal'rdm), n. AJI apartment in a ves- 
A man detailed 
a man-of-war 
_ See order. Parallel sail- 
ing, the method of sailing when the ship's track lies along 
a parallel of latitude. Its characteristic formula is : Dis- 
tance = difference of longitude x cosine latitude. This 
method may he used when the ship's course is nearly east 
or west. Formerly, when longitude could not be deter- 
mined as accurately as at present, it was a common 
practice to make the latitude of the port of destina- 
tion, and then sail east or west as required. Hence the 
importance then attached to parallel sailing. Plain 
sailing, an easy, unobstructed course in sailing, or, figu- 
ratively, in any enterprise. Plane sailing. Seeplanr- 
tailing.- Sailing instructions, written or printed di- 
rections delivered by the commanding officer of a convoy 
to the several masters of the ships under his care. By 
these Instructions they are enabled to understand and 
answer the signals of the commander, and to know the 
_________ _ ,_^_ 
Sailer (sa'ler), . [Early mod. E. also saiiler; < traverse-table. 
*ofinilfHf _ T\ -,.;/,.. _ n ,,-? __ TX __ __j cailiTi tr_fliT'on+ 
wishing, I must confess, if I died, to be found with that 
that 
spell- non ' Compare pilot, _ 
sailing-fish (sa'ling-fish), n. Histiortltorus indi- inaction. 
cits, resembling the American sailfish. See sail- sail-wheel (sal'hwel), 
fish 
Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, i. 
The inhabitants are cunning Artificers, Merchants, and 
Saylers. Pnrchas, Pilgrimage, p. 548. 
For the Saylers(l confesse), they daily make good cheare, 
but our dyet is a little rneale and water. 
Capt. John Smith, Works, I. 202. 
2. A ship or other vessel with reference to her 
sailing powers or manner of sailing, or as being 
propelled by sails, not steam. 
"You must be mad. She Is the fastest sailer between 
here and the Thames." . '.". "1 care not !" the porter re- Sailing-orders (sa'ling-6r*derz), n. pi. Orders 
>lied, snatching up a stout oaken staff that lay in a cor- directing a ship or fleet to proceed to sea, and 
" er> ' indicating its destination. 
From east a: 
Two mighty 
0. A. Sola, The Ship-Chandler. (Latham.) " -11, V g V' " rw f . I 
-nd west across the horizon's edge saillant (sal yant), a. [F., ppr of *a,lhr, leap : 
- masterful vessels, sailers, steal I upon us Ree -""''"'] Springing up or forth; arising; 
Walt Whitman, The Century, XXXIX. 553. salient, as the teeth of Astropectinidip. 
[< sail 1 + -less.} Having 
sailfish (sal'fish), w. One of several different sailless (sal'les), . 
fishes, so called from the large or long dftrsal n ? sails. 
fin. (a) AflshofthegenusCarjrfodes; the carp-sucker S^ll-llzard (sal hz"ard), w. A large lizard of 
C. cyprinm. [Local, v. S.j (b) A flsh of the genus Vf- Amboyna, having a crested tail. See cut un- 
pliia*; a sword-fish. See cut under siford-fish. (e) The (ler ffintii/riis. 
n. A name for Wolt- 
mann's tachometer. E. H. Knight. 
Same as sail- saily(sa'li), n. [<wi7l, ., + -yl.] Like a sail. 
[Rare.] 
From Penmen's craggy height to try her saily wings . . . 
She meets with Couway first. Drayton, Polyolbion, x. 3. 
sail-yard (sal'yard), . [< ME. saylegerd, xtil- 
The navi- gerd, < AS. tegdayrd, seglgyrd, < seael, sail, + 
geard, gyrd, yard.] The yard or spar on which 
sails are extended. [Rare.] 
A form of seawS. 
saimiri (si'mi-ri). . [S. Amer. : cf. sai.} A 
squirrel-monkey; a small South American mon- 
key of the genus Saimiris (Geoffrey) or Chrysn- 
thrix (Wagler), having a bushy non-prehensile 
tail: extended to some other small squirrel- 
like monkeys of the same country, and con- 
fused with sayiiin (which see). Also written 
samiri, saimari, and rarely Englished saitnir. 
See cut under squirrel-monkey. 
sain 1 (san), r. t. [Also saiie; < ME. sahien, 
xiii/neii, seineii, seitiien, xignen, < AS. segnian = 
OS. segiion = MD. .fegheiieit, D. :egenen = MLG. 
xegenen. sff/en = OHG. sef/aiiiiii, MHO, xtyrnfii, 
[-ice (sa'ling-is), n. An 
y open to allow a vessel propelled by sails 
to force her way through, 
sailing-master (sa'ling-mas'ter), n. 
gating officer of a ship ; specifically, a warrant- 
officer in the United States navy whose duties 
are to navigate the vessel and to attend to other saim (sam), n. and r. 
matters connected with stowage, the rigging, 
etc. , under the direction of the executive officer. 
