salamander 
member of the restricted family s<i 
(See Salamandra.) It is a name of loose and compre- 
hensive use. The two kinds of salamanders above noted 
are sometimes distinguished as land, and water-salaman- 
ders. All are harmless, timid creatures, with four legs 
and a tail, resembling lizards, but naked instead of scaly, 
5310 
family of urodele batrarhians, represented by 
such families as fiiilamamlrida', Pletltodontidte, 
and 
/ n -man'rimu^ , ,,>,! r/ 
(sal-ii-imm linn), n. and H. [< 
" KUOManara, a salamander, + -iiifl.] I. . 
1. Resembling the imaginary salamander in 
being able to resist fire, or capable of living in 
fire. 
We laid it [a coquette's heart] into a pan of burning 
coals, when we observed in it a certain salamandriiu- 
quality, that made it capable of living in the midst of me 
and flame, without being consumed, or so much as singed. 
Addition, Spectator, No. 2S1. 
2. In zoiil., of or pertaining to the Salamandri- 
dte or Salamandritiee ; resembling or related to 
Salamandra ; salamandrif orm or salamandroid. 
II. n. In zoo/., a salamander. 
S3- 
Red-backed Salamander (Pltthottaii erythrottotus). 
and otherwise quite different from any lacertillaus. The 
species are very numerous, representing many genera and 
several families of Urodela, and are found in most parts 
of the northern hemisphere, in brooks and ponds, and 
moiat places on land. They are mostly small, a few inches 
long, but some, as the menopome, menobranch, hellbend- 
er, mudpuppy, etc., of America, attain a length of a foot 
or more, and the giant salamander of Japan, Megalobatra- 
cAs giffanteiui, is some 3 feet long. See also cuts under 
axolotl, hellbender, Menobranchtis, neict, and Salamandra. 
4. Iii her., the representation of a four-legged 
creature with a long tail, surrounded by flames 
of fire. It is a modern bearing, and the flames 
are usually drawn in a realistic way. 5. The 
pocket-gopher of the South Atlantic and Mexi- 
can Gulf States, Geomys tuza or G. pinetis, a 
rodent mammal. [Local, U. S.] 6. Same as 
Sear 2 , 7. [Rarely used.] 7. Anything used in 
connection with the fire, or useful only when 
very hot, as a culinary vessel, a poker, an. iron 
used red-hot to ignite gunpowder, and the like. 
[Colloq. or prov.] 8. A fire-proof safe. [Col- 
loq.] 
Salamandra (sal-a-man'dra), n. [NL. (Lau- 
renti), < L. Salamandra = Gr. aafa/tdvipa, a sala- 
mander: see salamander.'] An old genus of 
urodele batrachians, formerly used with great 
Spotted Salamander (Stilamatidra macitlosti). 
latitude, now made type of a special family, 
Salamaiulridx, and restricted to such species 
as S. maailosa, the common spotted salaman- 
der of central and southern Europe. 
Salamandridae (sal-a-man'dri-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Salamandra + -idee.'] A family of urodele 
batrachians, typified by the genus Salaman- 
dra; the salamanders proper. They have pala- 
tine teeth in two longitudinal series diverging behind, in- 
serted on the inner margin of two palatine processes which 
are much prolonged posteriorly, the parasphenoid tooth- 
less, the vertebrae opisthocoolian, and no postfrouto-squa- 
mosal arch or ligament. None are American. 
Salamandridea (sar'a-man-drid'e-a), H. pi. 
[NL., < Salamandra 4- -idea.] A' division of 
saurobatrachian or urodele Amphibia, having 
no branchiae or branchial clefts in the adult, 
the vertebrae usually opisthoccelous, the carpus 
and tarsus more or less ossified, and eyelids 
present: a group contrasted with Proteidea. 
salamandriform (sal-a-man'dri-f6rm), a. [< 
L. Salamandra, a salamander, + forma, form.] 
Having the form of a salamander; having the 
characters of such urodele batrachians as sala- 
manders. 
The Labyrinthodonta were colossal animals of a Sala- 
mandrtfonn type. Pascoe, Zool. Class., p. 194. 
Salamandrina (sal'a-man-dri'nii), . [NL 
(Fitzinger, 1826), < itialamandra + -<MI.] A 
genus of salamanders, containing such species 
as S. pergiiicillata of southern Europe. 
Salamandrinae(sal"a-man-dri'ne), n.jil. [NL., 
< Salamandra + -inse."] A suborder or super- 
broad sense ; salamandriform. 
II. w. A member of the Salamandrinte, or 
some similar urodele. 
Salamandroides(sal'a-man-droi'dez), w. [NL. 
(Jager, 1828), < Salamandra + -aides.'] A ge- 
nus of fossil labyrinthodont amphibians, based 
on a species originally called Labyrinthodoit 
MlMMM droideg. 
salamba (sa-lam'bii), . [E. Ind.] A kind of 
fishing-apparatus used on the banks near Ma- 
nila, and common in the East, fitted upon a 
raft composed of several tiers of bamboos, it 
consists of a rectangular net, two cornew of which are at- 
tached to the upper extremities of two long bamboos tied 
crosswise, their lower extremities being fastened to a bar 
on the raft, which acts as a hinge ; a movable pole, ar- 
ranged with a counterpoise as a sort of crane, supports the 
bamboos at the point of junction, and thus enables the 
fishermen to raise or depress the net at pleasure. The 
lower extremities of the net are guided by a cord, which 
is drawn toward the raft at the same time that the long 
bamboos are elevated by the crane and counterpoise ; only 
a small part of the net thus remains in the water, and is 
easily cleared of its contents by means of a landing-net. 
Salamis (sal'a-mis), n. [NL., < L. Salami*, < 
Gr. 2a/>a/i/f, the island of Salamis.] 1. A ge- 
nus of lepidopterous insects. lioisduval, 1833. 
2. A genus of acalephs. Lesson, 1837. 3. 
A genus of coleopterous insects. 
salamstone (sa-lam'ston), w. [Tr. G. salaui- 
stein, a name given by Werner; as salaam, sa- 
lam, + stone.] A variety of sapphire from Cey- 
lon, generally of pale-reddish and bluish colors. 
salangane (sal'ang-gan), 11. [< F. salangane, < 
xalanuja, a native name, >NL. Salangana (Streu- 
bel, 1848).] A swift of the genus Collocalia. 
one of the birds which construct edible nests, 
as C. esculenta. Also salaijane. See cut under 
ColloeaUa. 
Salangidse (sa-lan'ji-de), ii.pl. [NL., < Salanjc 
(-any-) + -idle."] A family of malacopterygian 
fishes, exemplified by the genus Salanjc. The 
body is elongated and compressed, naked or with decidu- 
ous scales ; the head is elongate, much depressed, and pro- 
duced into a flat snout ; the month is deeply cleft, with 
conical teeth on the jaws and palate ; the dorsal tin is far 
behind the yentrals, but in advance of the anal ; a small 
adipose flu is developed; the alimentary canal is straight 
and without pyloric appendages. Only one species, Sa- 
lanx sinenfis, is known ; It occurs along:the coast of China, 
and is regarded us a delicacy. To the foreign residents it 
is known as irhitebatt. 
Salangina (sal-an-ji'na), H. pi. The Salangidie 
as a group of Salmonidse. Giinther. 
Salanx (sa'langks), n. [NL. (Cuvier, 1817).] 
A genus of salmonoid fishes, typical of the fam- 
ily Salangidse (which see). 
salaried (sal'a-rid), a. [< Hillary 1 + -e</2.] I n 
receipt of a fixed salary or stipulated pay, as 
distinguished from honorary, or without pay, 
or remunerated by fees only; having a fixed 
or stipulated salary: as, a salaried inspector; 
a salaried office ; a salaried post. 
He knew he was no poet, yet he would string wretched 
rhymes, even when not salaried for them. 
/. D'Israeli, Quar. of Authors, p. 107. 
I have had two professors of Arabic and Mohammedan 
religion and law as my regular salaried tutors. 
E. W. Lane, Modem Egyptians, Pref., p. viii. 
salary 1 (sal'a-ri), n. ; pi. salaries (-riz). [For- 
merly also soften/; < ME. salary, salanje, < OF. 
salarie, salaire, salayre, sollaire, F. salaire = Pr. 
salari, selari = Sp. Pg. It. salario, < L. solari- 
um, a stipend, salary, pension, orig. (sc. argen- 
tuni, money) 'salt-money,' money given to sol- 
diers for salt. neut. of salarius, belonging to 
salt, < sal, salt: see sal 1 and sat ft. Of. seller?, 
i-fllar in salt-cellar.^ The recompense or con- 
sideration stipulated to be paid to a person 
periodically for services, usually a fixed sum to 
be paid by the year, half-year, or quarter. See 
wages. 
sale 
And my seruauntz some tyme her salarye is bihynde, 
Reuthe is to here the rekenynge whan we shal rede 
acomptes . 
So with wikked wille and wraththe my werkmen I paye. 
J'iers Plomnaii (B), v. 4:i3. 
O, this is hire and salary, not revenge. 
Shak., Hamlet, iii. 3. 79. 
Never a more popular pastor than Mr. Wall the uncle, 
yet never a more painful duty than that of collecting, in 
that region, the pastor's salary. 
W. M. Batter, New Timothy, p. 24. 
Salary grab. See grabl. =Syn. Salary, Stipend, Wa,jeg, 
Pay, ffire, Allowance. An allowance is gratuitous or dis- 
cretionary, and may be of any sort : as, an aUmcance of 
a pitcher of wine daily to Chaucer ; the rest are given 
from time to time in return for regular work of some kind, 
and are presumably in the form of money. Of these latter 
pay ii the most generic ; it is especially used of the soldier. 
Wages and hire are for the more menial, manual, or me- 
chanical forms of work, and commonly imply employment 
for short periods, as a day or a week ; salary and stipend 
are for the more mental forms, and imply greater perma- 
nence of employment and payment at longer intervals : 
the ifii : ii-x of a servant or a laborer ; the salary of a post- 
master or a teacher. Hire is Biblical and old-fashioned. 
Stipend is used chiefly as a technical term of the English 
and Scotch churches. See wages. 
salary 1 (sal'a-ri), v. t. ; pret. and pp. salaried, 
ppr. salaryiny. [< salary 1 , .] To pay a salary 
to, or connect a salary with : chiefly used in the 
past participle. See salaried. 
salary 2 t (sal'a-ri), a. [< L. salarius, of or be- 
longing to salt, < sal, salt: see saft and sal ft, 
and cf. salary 1 , .] Saline. 
From such salary irradiations may those wondrous va- 
riations arise which are observable In animals. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., p. 338. 
Salda (sal'da), ii. [NL. (Fabricius, 1803) ; from 
a proper name.] A genus of heteropterous 
insects, or true bugs, typical of the family Sal- 
didie. They are of small size and varied coloration, 
and are found mainly upon the sea-beach, where they 
feed upon the remains of drowned flies and other in- 
sects. The species are numerous and mostly American. 
About SO are known in North America. Sometimes called 
Acant.hia. 
sal-dammar (sal'dam"ar), M. [< sa/2 + rf,//- 
inflr.] A whitish aromatic resin obtained in 
India from the sal-tree by tapping. It occa- 
sionally appears in European markets. 
Saldidae (sal'di-de), . pi. [NL.,< Salda + -</.] 
A family of true bugs, belonging to Westwood's 
section Aurocorisa of the Heterpptera, and com- 
prising forms of small size which inhabit damp 
soils and are often found in countless num- 
bers on the salt and brackish marshes of the 
sea-coast. They are oval in shape, with a free head 
and prominent eyes, and are of a black, brown, or drab 
color marked with yellow or white. They are mainly 
American. 
sale 1 (sal), n. [< ME. sale, < AS. sala, a sale 
(= OHG. said, MHG. sale, sal, a delivery, = 
Icel. sala, f., sal, n., a sale, bargain, = Sw. 
salu = Dan. saly, a sale), < sellan (^ sal), give, 
give over, sell: see yell 1 .'] 1. The act of sell- 
ing ; also, a specific act or a continuous process 
of selling; the exchange or disposal of a com- 
modity, right, property, or whatever may be 
the subject of bargain, for a price agreed on 
and generally payable in money, as distin- 
guished from barter; the transfer of all right 
and property in a thing for a price to be paid 
in money. 
They shall have like portions to eat, beside that which 
cometh of the sate of his patrimony. Deut. xviil. 8. 
The most considerable offices in church and state were 
put up to sale. Prescott, Ferd. and Isa,, ii. 26. 
2. In law, a contract for the transfer of prop- 
erty from one person to another, for a valuable 
consideration. Three things are requisite to its valid- 
ity, namely the thing sold, which is the object of the con- 
tract, the price, and the consent of the contracting parties. 
(Kent.) The word sale is often used more specifically as in- 
dicatingthecousideration tobe pecuniary, as distinguished 
from barter or exchange. It Is also often used as indicat 
ing a present transfer, as distinguished from a contract to 
transfer at a future time, which is sometimes termed an 
executory sale. In respect to real property, sale usually 
means the executory contract or bargain, as distinguished 
from the deed of conveyance in fulfilment of the bargain. 
3. Opportunity to sell ; demand; market. 
The countrymen will be more industrious in tillage, and 
rearing of all husbandry commodities, knowing that they 
shall have a ready sale for them at those towns. Spenser. 
4. Disposal by auction or public outcry. 
Those that won the plate, and those thus sold, ought to 
be marked, so that they may never return to the race or 
to the sale. Sir W. Temple. 
Purchase corrupted pardon of a man, 
Who in that sale sells pardon from himself. 
Shak., K. John, iii. 1. 167. 
Account sales. See acantnt. Aleatory sale. See ale- 
at/rry. Bargain and sale. See bargain. Bill of sale. 
See WHS. _ cognition and sale. See cognition. Condi- 
tional sale. See conditional. Conditions of sale. See 
condition. Distress sale. See distress. Executory 
sale, a sale in which the thing disposed of is to be de- 
