salvation 
sessions, to the United States, South America, and else- 
where. In the United States it has about 450 stations and 
15,000 soldiers and adherents. Its woik is carried on by 
means of processions, street singing and preaching, and 
the like, under the direction of otllcers entitled generals, 
majors, captains, etc. Both sexes participate in the ser- 
vices and direction of the body on equal terms. Besides 
its religious work, it engages in various reformatory and 
philanthropic enterprises. It has no formulated creed, 
but ita doctrines bear a general resemblance to those com- 
mon to all Protestant evangelical churches, and especially 
to those of Methodism. 
Salvationism (sal-va'shon-i/.m), . [< Salva- 
tion (Army) + -ism.'] The methods or principles 
of action of the Salvation Army. [Recent.] 
The gentler aspects of Salvationism find their exponent 
here in the labours of a beautiful self-denying girl, who 
voluntarily gives herself to the service. 
The Academy, No. 888, p. 319. 
Salvationist (sal-va'shon-ist), . [< Salvation 
(Army) + -ist.] A member of the Salvation 
Army. [Recent.] 
The organisation is, however, powerful, and parades in 
Sydney and in Melbourne from ten to twenty thousand 
people upon the racing holidays, when the Salvationists en- 
courage their friends to show their absence from the race- 
courses by attendance in other portions of the towns. 
Sir C. W. DUke, Probs. of Greater Britain, vi. 5. 
salvatoryt (sal'va-to-ri), . [= It. galvatorio, 
< ML. "snlviitorium, < LL. salvare, save: see 
.vfli'fl.] A place where things are preserved; 
a repository ; a safe. 
Thou art a box of worm-seed, at best but a salvatory 
Of green mummy. WeMer. Duchess of Main, iv. 2. 
In what salvatories or repositories the species of things 
past are conserved. Sir M. Hale, Orig. of Mankind, p. 156. 
salve 1 (sav), w. [< ME. salve, scalre, older 
xttlfe, < AS. sealf= OS. salbha = D. salf= MLG. 
naive = OHG. salba, MHG. G. salbe = Sw. salfva 
= Dan. salve = Goth, "salba (indicated by the 
derived verb salbon), salve ; prob. = Skt. sarpix, 
clarified butter, so called from its slipperiness. 
< V sarp, glide : see serpent.] 1. An adhesive 
composition or substance to be applied to 
wounds or sores; an ointment or cerate. 
And [they] smote hem so harde that the! metten that 
the! neded no solve, and the speres fly in peces. 
Merlin (E. E. T. *.), iii. 624. 
Hence 2. Help; remedy. 
Hadde iche a clerke that couthe write I wolde caste hym 
a bille, 
That he sent me vnder his seel a ml UP for the pestilence. 
Piers Plowman (B), xiii. 247. 
There is no better salue to part us from our sinnes than 
alway to carrie the paine in memorie. 
Guevara, Letters (tr. by Hellowes, 1577), p. 107. 
Sleep IB a salve for misery. Fletcher, Sea Voyage, iii. 1. 
We have found 
A salve for melancholy mirth and ease. 
Ford, Love's Sacrifice, ii. 1. 
Deshler's salve, a salve composed of resin, suet, and 
yellow wax each twelve parts, turpentine six parts, and 
linseed-oil seven parts by weight. Also called compound 
resin cerate. Salve-bougie, a bougie having depressions 
which are tilled with a salve or ointment. 
salve 1 (sav), r. t. ; pret. and pp. salved, ppr. 
salving. [< ME. salren, < AS. sealfian = OS. sal- 
lihon = OFrieg. salra = D. zalven = MLG. LG. 
salven = OHG. salbon, salpon. MHG. G. salben 
= Sw. salfva = Dan. salve = Goth, salbon, anoint 
with salve ; from the noun. In the fig. uses the 
word seems to have been confused with salve 2 , 
an old form of save*.] 1. To apply salve to; 
heal; cure. 
And [he] souste the syke and synful bothe, 
And valued syke and synful, bothe blynde and crokede. 
Piers Ploimnan (E), xvi. 109. 
But no outward cherishing could salve the inward sore 
of her mind. Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, I. 
I do beseech your majesty may salve 
The long-grown wounds of my intemperance. 
Shak., 1 Hen. IV., iii. 2. 155. 
2. To help; remedy; redeem; atone for. 
But Ebrank solved both their infamies 
With noble deedes. Spenser, F. Q., II. x. 21. 
When a man is whole to faine himselfe sicke to shnnne 
the businesse in Court, to entertaine time and ease at 
home, to salue offences without discredite. 
Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 251. 
I devised a formal tale, 
That salved your reputation. 
B. Jonson, Volpone, iv. 2. 
My only child 
Being provided for, her honour salved too. 
Massinger, Bashfnl Lover, v. 1. 
They who to salve this would make the deluge particu- 
lar proceed upon a principle that I can no way grant. 
Sir T. Browne, Keligio Medici, i. 22. 
They [the Bishops] were all for a Regency, thereby to 
salve their oathes. Evelyn, Diary, Jan. 15, 1689. 
salve 2 t, v. *. An obsolete form of save 1 . 
salve 3 (salv), .; pret. and pp. salved, ppr. sal- 
ring. [A particular use of salve% for save 1 , in 
part a back formation < salvage 1 : see salvage^, 
5322 
xlve%, we 1 .] I. tranx. To save, as a ship or 
goods, from danger or destruction, as from 
shipwreck or fire : as, to mi I re a cargo. The 
Scotsman. 
II. hitniitx. To save anything, as the cargo 
of a ship, from destruction. 
The Society may from time to time do, or join in doing, 
all such lawful things as they may think expedient, with 
a view to further salving from the wreck of the Lutine. 
Charter of Lluj/d's, quoted in Y. llartin's Hist, of Lloyd's. 
I P. >>:. 
salve 4 (sal've), inter/. [L. sain; hail, impv. of 
salvere, be well, < salvus, sound, safe: see xafr. 
Cf. salute*.] Hail! 
salve 4 t (sal've), v. t. [< galre*, iuterj."} To sa- 
lute or greet with the exclamation "Salve!" 
By this the stranger knight in presence came, 
And goodly rft<Uhem. Spenier, Y. Q.. II. viii. >:<. 
The knyght went forth and kneled downe, 
And mined them grete and small. 
I. nidi QesteoS Robyn Bode (Child's Ballads, V. 62). 
salve-bug (sav'bug), . A parasitic igojiod 
crustacean, jEaa psora, and some 
similar forms. One of these, parasitic 
on the cod, is Cali'iut curtwi, sometimes 
used as an unguent by sailors. 
salveline (sal've-lin), a. Belong- 
ing to the genus Salvelinus. 
Salvelinus (sal-ve-li'nus), n. [NL. 
(Richardson, 1836), said to be based 
on G. salbling, a small salmon.] A 
beautiful and extensive genus of 
Salmonidx; the chars. They have the 
vomer toothless, the scales very small (200 i^n f a /*}. 
or more In the course of the lateral line), 
and the body spotted with red or gray. The type of this 
genus is Salmo salvelinus of Linnseus, the char of Europe. 
All the American "trout," so called, are chars, and be- 
long to this genus. The great lake-trout, Mackinaw 
trout, longe, or togue, S. namaycttsh, represents a section 
of the genus called Cristimtner. (See cut under late- 
trout, 2.) The common brook trout of the United states 
is S. fontinaUt (see cut under char*); the blue-back or 
oquassa trout is S. oquassa ; the Dolly Varden trout of Cali- 
fornia Is 5. malma. There are several other species or 
varieties. 
salvenap, . Same as savenape. 
salver 1 (sii'ver), n. [< ME. 'salvere (= D. MD. 
salver, zalver = OHG. salbari, salpari, G. salber) ; 
< salee 1 + -erl. Cf. quacksalver.'] One who 
salves or cures, or one who pretends to cure: 
as, a an&claxalver. 
salver^t (sal'ver), n. [< salve* + -er 1 .] One 
who salves or saves goods, a vessel, etc., from 
destruction or loss by fire, shipwreck, etc. 
Salver, one that has sav'd a Ship or its Merchandizes. 
E. Phillips, New World of Words. 
salver 3 (sal'ver), w. [An altered form, with 
accom. suffix -ev, of "salca, < Sp. salra (= Pg. 
salva), a plate on which anything is presented, 
also the previous tasting of viands before they 
are served up, < salvor (= Pg. salvar), save, free 
from risk, taste food or drink of one's master 
(to save him from poison), < LL. salrare, save: 
see save 1 , safe. Cf. It. credema, faith, credit, 
belief, also sideboard, cupboard: see credence.] 
A tray, especially a large and heavy one, upon 
which anything is offered to a person, as in the 
service of the table. 
Gather the droppings and leavings out of the several 
cups and glasses and salvers into one. 
Sic\fl, Advice to Servants (Butler). 
There was a salver with cake and wine on the table. 
Scott, Heart of Mid- Lothian, xl. 
Salve Begina (sal've re-ji'na). [So named 
from its first words, L. salve, regina, hail, queen ! 
salve, hail, impv. of salvere, be well or in good 
health (see salve*); regina, queen, fern, of rejc 
(reg-), king: see rex.] In the Bom. Cath. Ch., 
an autiphonal hymn to the Virgin Mary. It u 
contained in the brevi- 
ary, is much used in pri- 
vate devotions, and, from 
Trinity Sunday to Ad- 
vent, is sung after lands 
and complin. 
salver-shaped (sal'- 
ver-shapt), a. In 
hot., of the shape 
of a salver or tray; 
hypoc rater if orm: 
noting a gamopeta- 
lous corolla with the 
limb spreading put 
flat, as in the prim- 
rose and phlox. 
Salvia (sal'vi-s), w. 
[NL. (Tournefort, 
1700), < L. salvia, sage : see *o</e 2 .] 1. A large 
genus of gamopetalous plants of the order La- 
liiatie and tribe Monarde&. It is characterized by a 
two-lipped calyx cleft slightly or to the middle and not 
Flowers of Phlox Druntntondii. 
showing salver-shaped corolla. 
sam 
closed by hairs, and by two anthers, one erect and bearing 
a perfect anther-cell, the other spreading and club-shaped 
or bearing an empty and imperfect anther-cell. The flow- 
ers are in verticillasters of two or more, these grouped in 
spikes, racemes, or panicles, or rarely all axillary. There 
are about 450 species, widely scattered through temperate 
and warm regions, about 30 in the V nlted States, chiefly 
southward. They are either herbs or shrubs and of great 
variety in habit, their leaves ranging from entire to pinnati- 
nd, and their flowers from the spike to the panicle, from 
a minute to a conspicuous size, and through almost all 
colors except yellow. The floral leaves are generally 
changed into bracts, often colored like the flowers, scarlet 
and showy in the cultivated & splendent and other spe- 
cies. The members of the submenus Salvia, including 
the garden sage, are all natives of the Old World, are of- 
ten shrubby, and have a sterile anther-cell on each sta- 
men ; those of the subgenus Sdarea (Tournefort, 17011). in- 
cluding the clary, also all of them Old World species, lack 
the imperfect anther-cell ; the large subgenus Calosphace 
includes about 250 American species, some of great beauty 
with corollas several inches in length. A general name 
of the species is sage, though the ornamental species are 
known as salvia. See sage?, chia, dary't, and cuts under 
bilabiate, calyx, and lyrate. 
2. [/. c.] Any plant of this genus: applied es- 
pecially to the ornamental sorts. 
Salviati glass. [So called from Dr. Salrinti, 
who was instrumental in the revival of this in- 
dustry.] Venetian decorative glass made since 
about 1860. 
salvifict (sal-vif'ik), . [< LL. salvifcus, sav- 
ing, < L. salvus, safe, + facere, make, do (see 
-fie).'] Tending to save or secure safety. [Rare.] 
Imp. Diet. 
salvificallyt (sal-vif'i-kal-i), adv. As a savior; 
so as to procure safety or salvation. [Rare.] 
There is but one who died salvificaUy for us. 
Sir T. Browne, Christ. Mor., II. 11. 
Salvinia (sal-vin'i-a), n. [NL. (Micheli, 1729), 
named after Antonio Maria Salvini, a Greek 
professor at Florence.] A genus of heteros- 
porous vascular cryptogamous plants, typical 
of the order Salviniaeese. They are minute fugacious 
annuals, with slender floating stems, which give off short- 
petioled or sessile fronds on the upper side, and short 
branches that hear the conceptacles and much-branched 
feathered root-flbers on the under side. The fronds are 
small, simple, with a distinct midrib that runs from the 
base to the apex. Thirteen species, widely distributed 
over the warm regions of the globe, have been described. 
Salviniaceae (sal-vin-i-a'se-e), . pi. [NL. 
(Bartling, 1830), < Salvinia + -ace.] An order 
of heterosporous vascular cryptogams of the 
class Rhizocarjiese, typified by the genus Salvinia. 
They are little, fugacious, floating annual plants, with the 
conceptacles usually single, always membranaceous and 
indehiscent, and containing only one kind of sporangia. 
Azolla is the only other genus in the order. See FiKciuue. 
Salvinieae (sal-vi-ni'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Adrien 
de Jussieu, 1844), < Salvinia + -ete.] Same as 
Salviniafeie. 
Salvio gambit. See gambit. 
salvo 1 (sal'vo), . [< L. salro, in the phrase 
salvo jure, the right being preserved (words 
used in reserving some particular right) : salvo, 
abl. neut. of salvus, safe, preserved; jure, abl. 
of jus, right : see safe, jus?.] An exception ; a 
reservation ; an excuse ; a saving fact or clause. 
They admit many salvos, cautions, and reservations. 
EOcm BaaKlre. 
This same salvo as to the power of regaining our former 
position contributed much, I fear, to the equanimity with 
which we bore many of the hardships and humiliations of 
a life of toil. Hawthorne, blithedale Romance, Iv. 
salvo 2 (sal'vo), n. [For "salra; = D. salvo = 
G. Dan. salve = Sw. salva = F. salve = Sp. Pg. 
salva, < It. salra, a salute, salvo, < L. salve, hail : 
see salre*.] 1. A general discharge of guns 
intended as a salute. 
Your cannons proclaimed his advent with joyous sal- 
w. Everett, Orations, I. 523. 
2. A concentrated fire from a greater or less 
number of pieces of artillery, for the purpose 
of breaching, etc., the simultaneous concus- 
sion of a number of cannon-balls on masonry, 
or even earthwork, producing a very destruc- 
tive effect. 3. The combined shouts or cheers 
of a multitude, generally expressive of honor, 
esteem, admiration, etc.: as, salvos of applause. 
Salvor (sal'vor), w. [< salreZ, v., + -ot-l. Cf. 
savior."} One who saves a ship or goods from 
wreck, fire, etc. See salvage 1 . 
salvourt, w. A Middle English form of savior. 
salvy (sa'vi), u. [< salve 1 + -y 1 .] Like salve 
or ointment. 
salyt, " A Middle English form of xallyi, sal- 
iMfl. 
sam't, adv. A variant of name. 
Sam 1 (sam), v. t.; pret. and pp. Hummed, ppr. 
xammina. [< ME. xammen, sainneii, somnen, < 
AS. siiiiniian. i/fxatniiian (= OS. xainnou = MD. 
xameleii, D. ;ami'len = OFries. nainena, som- 
iiia = MLG. sameiieii. xanieleii, sammen, samen 
