sanctimoniously 
2. In a sanctimonious or affectedly sacred 
manner. 
sanctimoniousness (sangk-ti-mo'ni-us-nes), ii. 
Sanctimonious character or condition, 
sanctimony (sangk'ti-mo-ni), ii. [< OF. /ttnif- 
timonie = Sp. Pg. It. santimonia, < L. x<in<-ti- 
iii/iiiia, holiness, sacredness, virtuousness, < 
miiirtus, holy, + suffix -mania: see saint 1 and 
-moni/.] If. Piety; devoutness; scrupulous 
austerity; sanctity. 
It came into my Mind that, to arrive at universal Holi- 
ness all at once, I would take a Journey to the holy Land, 
and so would return llome with a Back-Load of Sancti- 
mony. X. Bailey, tr. of Colloquies of Erasmus, I. 352. 
Her pretence is a pilgrimage ; . . . which holy under- 
taking, with most austere ganctimonit, she accomplished. 
Sha/r.', All's Well, iv. 3. 59. 
Cardinal Carolus Borremanis . . . [was] greatly rever- 
enced in his time for the purity & sanctimony of his life. 
Coryat, Crudities, L 117. 
5327 
This makes mnelinn ill this phrase mean not a reward or 
punishment, but an attestation. On the other hand, the 
evolutionist Stephen (Science of Ethics, X. i. 2) says: "Ac- 
cording to my argument, the primary and direct Inci- 
dence, if I may say so, of moral sanctwns is upon the social 
organism, whilst the individual is only indirectly and 
secondarily affected." That is to say, races in which cer- 
tain instincts are weak are unfitted to cope with other 
races, and go under ; so that a moral sanction is a remote 
consequence of a line of behavior tending by natural se- 
lection to reinforce certain instincts. Physical sanc- 
tion, the knowledge that pleasure or pain will generally 
result from a given line of conduct by the operation of 
causes purely natural. Political sanction, the hope of 
favor or fear of hostility on the part of a government 
as the consequence of, and thus a motive for or against, 
certain conduct. Popular sanction, the knowledge that 
the people, in their private and individual capacity, will 
regard with favor or disfavor a person who acts in a given 
way, as a motive for or against such action. Bentham re- 
gards this as the same as moral sanction. Pragmatic 
sanction. See pragmatic. Psychological sanction, 
the knowledge that certain conduct, if found out, will act 
upon a certain mind or certain minds to cause those per- 
sons to confer pleasure or inflict pain upon the person who 
Remuneratory sanction, the promise, as by a govern- 
ment, of a reward as an incitement to attempt a certain 
performance. Social sanction. Same as popular sanc- 
tion. = Syn. 1 and 3. Authorization, countenance, support, 
Wanting sanction and authority, it is only yet a private 
work. T. Baker, On Learning. 
If they were no laws to them, nor decreed and made 
sacred by sanction, promulgation, and appendant penal- 
ties, they could not so oblige them as to become the rule 
of virtue or vice. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), Pref., I. 9. 
2. A decree; an ordinance; a law: as, the prag- 
matic sanction. 
Love's power, we see, 
Is Nature's sanction, and her flrst decree. 
2. The external appearance of devoutness; 
labored show of goodness; affected or hypo- P ursues . 8Ucn conduct, this knowledge being considered 
nritionl rlvnntn as a motive for or against that conduct. Punitive sanc- 
. . __ tion, the attachment of a penalty to a legal offense. - 
sanction (sangk shon), w. [< OF. (and F.) Religious sanction, the belief that God attaches rewards 
sanction = Sp. Sandon = Pg. sancctto = It. and punishments tolas laws as a motive for obeying him. 
sanaione, < L. sanctio(n-), the act of ordaining --KB"""""-**"""""-*" i*ii, hv CTnTOm . 
or decreeing as sacred or inviolable, a decree, 
ordinance, sanction, < sancire, pp. sanctus, ren- mm.= 0i 
der sacred: see mint 1 .] 1. The act of making warrant, 
sacred; the act of rendering authoritative as Sanction (sangk'shon), v. t. [< sanction, n.] 1. 
law; the act of decreeing or ratifying; the act To g ive authoritative permission or approval 
of making binding, as by an oath. to; ratify; confirm; invest with validity or 
Fill every man his bowl. There cannot be authority. 
A fitter drink to make this sanction in. They entered into a covenant sanctioned by all the so- 
Here I begin the sacrament to all. lemnities of religion usual on these occasions. 
B. Jonson, Catiline, i. 1. Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., i. 3. 
If Spinoza and Hobbes were accused of Atheism, each of 
them sanctioned his speculations by the sacred name of 
theology. Leslie Stephen, Eng. Thought, i. 21. 
2. To give countenance or support to; approve. 
To sanction Vice, and hunt Decorum down. 
Byron, Eng. Bards and Scotch Reviewers, 1. 615. 
Even Plato, in his imaginary republic, the Utopia of his 
beautiful genius, sanctioni slavery. 
Sumner, Orations, I. 213. 
Sanctioning right. See riykt, 4. =Syn. Allow, Permit, 
etc. See allows. 
Dryden, Pal. and Arc., i. 330. sanctionable (sangk'shon-a-bl), a. [< sanction 
3. The conferring of authority upon an opinion, + -able.] Worthy of sanction, or of approba- 
practice, or sentiment; confirmation or support tion or approval. 
derived from public approval, from exalted tes- sanctionary (sangk'shon-a-ri), a. [< sanction 
timony, or from the countenance of a person + -ary.] Relating to or implying sanction; 
or body commanding respect. giving sanction. Imp. Diet. 
The strictest professors of reason have added the sane- sanctitude (sangk'ti-tud), n. [< L. sanctitudo, 
tion of their testimony. Watts, sacredness, < sanctus, holy: see sanctity.] 1. 
Religiongaveher7Hclio tothatintenseandunquench- TT - 1J - _tj_ 
able animosity. Macaulay, Hist Eng., vii. 
Gown and Sword 
And Law their threefold sanction gave. 
Whitlier, Astrsea at the Capitol. 
4. A provision of a law which enforces obe- 
dience by the enactment of rewards or penal- 
ties, called respectively remuneratory &napmii- 
tivc sanctions; hence, in utilitarian ethics, the 
knowledge of the pleasurable or painful conse- Sanctity (sangk ti-ti), n.; pi. sanctities (-tin). 
quences of an act, as making it moral or im- [5 OF - saiiietete, also sainteed, santite, saintec, 
moral. saintcte = Pr. sanctitat, sanctetat = Sp. sail- 
By the laws of men, enacted by civil power, gratitude f.^'/f = ?8-. sa tiaaae = !* Mntitd, < L. sane- 
It not enforced: that is, not enjoined by the sanction of "ta(t-)s, holiness, sacredness, < sanctus, holy, 
penalties to be inflicted upon the person that shall not be sacred: see saint 1 ,] 1. Holiness; saintliness; 
found grateful. South. 
A Sanction then is a source of obligatory powers or mo- 
tives : that is, of pains and pleasures ; which, according 
as they are connected with such or such modes of conduct, 
operate, and are indeed the only things which can oper- 
ate, as motives. 
Bentham, Intiod. to Morals and Legislation, iii. 2, note. 
The fear of death is generally considered as one of the 
strongest of our feelings. It is the most fomiidableanc- 
tion which legislators have been able to devise. 
Macaulay, ilill on Government. 
The internal sanction of duty, whatever our standard of 
Holiness; sacredness; sanctity. 
In their looks divine 
The image of their glorious Maker shone, 
Truth, wisdom, sanctitude severe and pure. 
Milton, P. L., iv. 293. 
2. Sanctimony ; affected sanctity. 
His nuiimern ill corresponded with the austerity and 
sanctitude of his style. 
Landor, Asinius Pollio and Licinius Calvus, il. 
, 
duty may be, is one and the same a feeling in our own 
mind, a pain, more or less intense, attendant on a viola- 
tion of duty. J. S. Mill, Utilitarianism, 
godliness. 
Puritanes, ... by whose apparent shew 
Of sanctity doe greatest evils grow. 
Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.), p. 141. 
Then heaven and earth renew'd shall be made pure 
To sanctity, that shall receive no stain. 
Milton, P. L, x. 639. 
2. Sacred or hallowed character; hence, sa- 
credness; solemnity; inviolability. 
His affirmations have the sanctity of an oath. 
Lamb, Imperfect Sympathies. 
We have grown quite accustomed now-a-days to the in- 
vasion of what used to be called the sanctity of private 
life. D. C. Murray, Weaker Vessel, xiii. 
The consequences which an action done here may have S A saint or liolv bpimr- a linlv nhWt nf a ru- 
in the unseen world are the sanctions attached to it. rw i 
Hodgson, Phil, of Reflection, III. xi. G. lan<1 - 
External sanction, the knowledge of a fact in the ex 
ternal world which will result from an act either always 
or in the long run, and so produce pleasure or pain, as an 
inducement to do or refrain from that sort of act. In- 
ternal sanction, the knowledge of mental reflection 
upon an act, productive of pleasure or pain, as an induce- 
ment to do or refrain from that sort of act. Legal sanc- 
tion, the knowledge that a penalty will probably be in- 
flicted by a court for an act, as an inducement to refrain 
act, as a motive for doing or not doing it. Less strict 
utilitarians, as Mill, admit an internal sanction as moral. 
Non-utilitarian moralists often use the phrase moral sanc- 
tion, but with no determinate signification. Thus, the 
About him all the sanctities of heaven 
Stood thick as stars. Milton, P. I.., iii. (to. 
I munuur'd, as I came along, 
Of comfort clasp'd in truth reveal'd ; 
And loiter'd in the Master's Held, 
And darken'd sanctities with song. 
Tennyson, In Memoriani, xnvii. 
Odor of sanctity. See odor. =Syn. 1. Pitt*/, SainUinem. 
etc. (see reKyion\ purity, goodness. 2. Inviolability. 
sanctuarize (sangk'tu-a-riz),?'. t. [(.sanctittiri/ 
+ -/-<.] To shelter by means of a sanctuary 
or sacred privileges. [Rare.] 
No place, indeed, should murder sanctuarize. 
Shalt., Hamlet, iv. 7. 12s. 
intuitionalist faliU-i -wood (Handbook of Moral Philos I 
ii. 4, | 7) says: "Sanctinn is a confirmation of the moral Sanctuary (sangk tu-a-n), 11. ; pi. sanctum-it* 
diameter of an action, which follows it in experience." (-riz). [< ME. stiiii-finn-i/, xcintiiiirii; m't/iitiiarir. 
sanctuary 
sriittniri/, xri/iitirurii; < OF. S(thiti/(iirf',n/itiiaire, 
saintitiiiriii, !'. xitHcliKiin- = Pr. xanctnari = Sp. 
Pg. It. sautuario, < LL. sanctiiaritim, a sacred 
place, a shrine, a private cabinet, ML. also 
temple, church, churchyard, cemetery, right 
of asylum, < ~L. sanctus, holy, sacred: nee" mi hit 1 .] 
1. A sacred or consecrate'd place ; a holy spot; 
a place in which sacred things are kept. 
Proverbs, like the sacred books of each nation, are the 
sanctuary of the intuitions. Emerson, Compensation. 
Specifically (a) In Scrip., the temple at Jerusalem, par- 
ticularly the most retired part of it, called the holy of ho- 
lies, in which was kept the ark of the covenant, and into 
which no person was permitted to enter except the high 
priest, and that only once a year to intercede for the peo- 
ple. The same name was given to the corresponding part 
of the tabernacle in the wilderness (Ex. xxv. 8). (&) A house 
consecrated to the worship of God ; a church. 
And I saw crowds in column'd sanctuan'en. 
Tennyson, Fair Women. 
() The cella or most sacred part of an Egyptian, Greek, 
or Roman temple, (d) In classical antiij., a sacred place, 
a locality, whether inclosed or not, but generally Inclosed, 
consecrated to some divinity or group of divinities, often a 
grove, sometimes an inclosure of notable size and impor- 
tance, containing shrines, temples, a theater, arrange- 
ments for gymnastic contests, places of shelter for suppli- 
ants or for the sick, etc. : as, the sanctuary of .-Ksculaimis 
at Epidaurus. 
The stele was to be set up in a sanctuari/, which, it seems 
probable, was that of Pandion on the Acropolis. 
Harrison and Verro.ll, Ancient Athens, p. xcvii. 
(e) The part of a church where the chief altar stands ; the 
chancel ; the presbytery. See cut under reredos. 
The original arcade piers of the choir and sanctuary [the 
semicircular part of the choir, in the Abbey of St. Denis] 
do not exist. C. H. Moore, Gothic Architecture, p. 37. 
(/t) A portable shrine containing relics. 
Than the kynge made be brought the hiest seintewaries 
that he hadde, and the beste relikes, and ther-on they 
dide swere. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), i. 75. 
(<jt) A churchyard. 
Also wyth-ynne chyrche & sej/ntwary 
Do ryjt thus as I the say, 
Songe and cry and suche fare, 
For to stynte thow schalt not spare. 
Myn, Instructions for Parish Priests (E. E. T. S.), 1. 330. 
Seyntwary, churchyard. The name of sanctuary is now 
given to that part of the choir or chancel of a church where 
the altar stands. In mediaeval documents belonging to 
this country, Sanctuarium and its equivalents in English 
almost always mean churchyard. 
Note in Myrc's Instructions for Parish Priette (E. E. T. SA 
[p. 75. 
2. A place of refuge or protection; a sacred 
asylum ; specifically, a chm-ch or other sacred 
place to which is attached the privilege of af- 
fording protection from arrest and the ordinary 
operation of the law to criminals, debtors, etc.', 
taking refuge within its precincts. From the 
time of Constantine downward certain churches have been 
set apart in many Catholic countries to be an asylum for 
fugitives from the hands of justice. In England, particu- 
larly down to the Reformation, any person who had taken 
refuge in such a sanctuary was secured against punishment 
except when charged with treason or sacrilege if with- 
in the space of forty days he gave signs of repentance, and 
subjected himself to banishment. By the act 21 James I., 
c. xxviii., the privilege of sanctuary for crime was finally 
abolished. Various sanctuaries for debtors, however, con- 
tinued to exist in and about London till 1697, when they 
too were abolished. In Scotland the abbey of Holyrood 
House and its precincts still retain the privilege of giving 
sanctuary to debtors, and one who retires thither is pro- 
tected for twenty-four hours; but to enjoy protection 
longer the person must enter his name in the books kept 
by the bailie of the abbey. Since the abolition of impris- 
onment for debt this sanctuary is no longer used. 
That Cytee was also Sacerdotalle that is to seyne, seyn- 
(Marie of the Tribe of Juda. Uandentte, Travels, p. 66. 
The scholehouse should be counted a satictuarie against 
feare. Ascham, The Scholemaster, p. 49. 
Your son is slain, Theodoret, noble Theodoret! 
Here in my arms, too weak a sanctuary 
'Gainst treachery and murder ! 
Beau, orni Fl., Thierry and Theodoret, iii. 2. 
Let 's think this prison holy sanctuary, 
To keep us from corruption of worse men. 
Fletcher (and another), Two Jfoble Kinsmen, ii. 1. 
\\ hitefriars, adjacent to the Temple, then well known 
by the cant name of Alsatia, had at this time, and for 
nearly a century afterwards, the privilege of a sanctuary, 
unless against the writ of the Lord Chief Justice. . . . 
The place abounded with desperadoes of every descrip- 
tion bankrupt citizens, ruined gamesters, irreclaimable 
prodigals. Scott, Fortunes of Nigel, xvi. 
3. Refuge; shelter; protection; specifically, 
the immunity from the ordinary operations of 
law afforded by the sacred character of a place, 
or by a specially privileged church, abbey, etc. 
The Chapell and Refectory (were) full of the goods of 
such poor people as at the approch of the Army had fled 
with them thither for sanctuani. 
Evelyn, Diary, Aug. 7, 1641. 
At this Time, upon News of the Earl of Warwick's Ap- 
proach, Queen Elizabeth forsaketh the Tower, and secretly 
takes Sanctuary at Westminster. 
Baker, Chronicles, p. 209. 
These laws, whoever made them, bestowed on temples 
the privilege of mnctiinri/. Hilton. 
