sanding-plate 
in grinding marble-work of small or medium 
size. 
sandisht (san'dish), a. [< sand* + -w/i 1 .] Ap- 
proaching the nature of sand ; loose ; not com- 
pact. 
You may plant some anemonies, especially the tenui- 
folias and ranunculus's in fresh sandixh earth, taken from 
under the turf. Evelyn, Calendar, p. 481. 
sandiver (sau'di-ver), n. [Also su tidever ; < ME. 
saundycer, sawndevere, < OF. suin de verre, later 
saint de rerre, sandiver, lit. 'scum or grease of 
glass': OF. suin, suint, F. suint, grease, esp. 
from the wool of sheep (< stiinter, sweat, as 
stones in moist weather, < G. schwiteen, sweat : 
see sweat); de (< L. de), of (see de 2 ); verre, 
glass, < L. vitrum, glass: see vitreou#.~] Glass- 
gall. See anatron, 1. 
The clay that clenges ther-by arn corsyes strong, 
As alum & alkaran, that angrt arn bothe, 
Soufre sour, & saundyuer, & other such mony. 
Alliterative Poems (ed. Morris), ii. 1035. 
sandix (san'diks), n. [Also sandyx; < ME. san- 
dyxe (also sawndyrs, sawndres, by confusion with 
like forms of sandal^), < L. sandix, sandyx, ML. 
also sandex, "C Gr. aaviil; , oavdv!-, vermilion. Cf. 
Hind, sindur, sendur, red lead, minium.] Red 
lead prepared by calcining lead carbonate. It 
has a brighter red color than minium, and is 
used as a pigment. 
sand-jack (sand'jak), . Same as willow-oak. 
sandjak, . See sanjak. 
sand-jet (sand'jet), . An apparatus whereby 
sharp sand is fed to a jet of compressed air or 
a steam-jet, and driven out forcibly against a 
surface which it is desired to abrade. It has 
within a few years been extensively applied to the orna- 
mentation of glass, and to some extent in the operations 
of stone-cutting and the smoothing and cleaning of cast- 
iron hollow ware. In the ornamentation of glass, stencils 
are placed upon the surface, which protect from abrasion 
the parts covered, and the abraded parts take the form 
of the pattern cut in the stencil. A very short exposure 
to the sand-jet produces the tracing of the pattern in a 
fine-frosted, well-defined figure. The effectiveness of the 
jet when air or steam at high pressure is used renders it 
competent to cut and drill even corundum. The results 
attained, when the simplicity of the means employed are 
considered, render this one of the most interesting of 
modern inventions. See sand-blast. 
sand-lance (sand'lans), n. A fish of the family 
Amiiiodytidse : same as sand-eel, 1. Also lance. 
sand-lark (saud'liirk), re. 1. Some small wad- 
ing bird that runs along the sand, not a lark ; 
any sandpiper or sand-plover, as a dunlin, dot- 
terel, ringneck, etc. 
Along the river's stony marge 
The sandlark chants a joyous song. 
Wordsworth, The Idle Shepherd Boys, 
(a) The common sandpiper, Tringoides hypoleucus : also 
sandy laverock, (b) The sanderling, Calidris arenaria. 
2. A true lark of the genus Ammomanes, as A. 
deserti, having a pale sandy plumage. 
sand-leek (sand'lek), n. See leek. 
sandlingt, n. [ME. sandelynge; < xand^ + 
-lingi."] Same as sand-eel, 1. Prompt, Pare., 
p. 441. 
sand-lizard (sand'liz"ard), n. A common Eu- 
ropean lizard, Laeerta agilis, found in sandy 
places. It is about 7 inches long, variable in color, but 
generally sandy-brown on the upper parts, with darker 
blotches interspersed, and having black rounded spots 
with a yellow or white center on the sides. 
sand-lob (sand'lob), n. The common British 
lug or lobworm, Arenicola piscatorum, about 10 
inches long, much used for bait. 
sand-lot (sand'lot), a. Pertaining to or resem- 
bling the socialistic or communistic followers of 
Denis Kearney, an Irish agitator, whose prin- 
cipal place of meeting was in the ' ' sand-lots" or 
unoccupied lands of San Francisco: as, a sand- 
lot orator; the sand-lot constitution (the consti- 
tution of California framed in the year 1879 un- 
der the influence of the "sand-lot" agitation). 
We can . . . appoint ... a sand-lot politician to China. 
The Atlantic, LVIII. 416. 
sandman (sand'man), n. A fabulous person 
who is supposed to'make children sleepy : prob- 
ably so called in allusion to the rubbing of their 
eyes when sleepy, as if to rub out particles of 
sand. 
sand-martin (sand'mar"tin), . The sand- 
swallow or bank-swallow. 
sand-mason (sand'ma"sn), n. A common Brit- 
ish tubeworm, Tcrebella littoralis. Drtlyetl. 
sand-mole (sand'mol), . A South African ro- 
dent, as Jfatliyrn/us maritiniux. or Crori/i'linx c/i- 
pensis, which burrows in the sand. See cuts 
under Bafhyergue and Georychus. 
sand-monitor (sand'mon'i-tor), n. A varanoid 
lizard of t he genus Psammosdwrus, 1'. urcnuriim. 
also called land-crocodile. 
5331 
sand-mouse (sand'mous), . The dunlin or 
purre, Tringa alpina, a sandpiper. Also sea- 
niniixi'. [Westmoreland, Eng.] 
sand-myrtle (sand'mer'tl), . See Leiophyllum 
and myrllt: 
sand-natter (sand'naf'er), . A sand-snake 
of the genus Eryx; an ammodyte. See Am- 
niodi/tcn, 2, and cut under Eryx. 
sandnecker (sand'nek'er), n. Same as sand- 
sucker. 
Sandoricum (san-dor'i-kum), ii. [NL. (Cavanil- 
les, 1790), < santoor, a Malay name.] A plant- 
genus of the order Meliaceee and tribe Tricltiliese, 
consisting of 5 species of trees, found in the East 
Indies and Oceauica. Its special characters are a 
tubular disk sheathing the ovary and the base of the style, 
a cup-shaped calyx adnate to the base of the ovary, having 
five short imbricated lobes, a stamen-tube bearing at the 
apex ten included anthers, a corolla of five free imbricated 
petals, and a globose fleshy indehiscent fruit which is acid 
and edible. S. Indicum, native in Burma (there called 
thitto) and introduced into southern India, is a lofty ever- 
green with a red close-grained heart- wood which takes a 
flue polish. It is used for making carts, boats, etc. This 
and perhaps other species have been called sandal-tree. 
sand-oyster (sand'ois"ter), n. See oyster. 
sandpaper (sand'pa"per), n. Stout paper coat- 
ed with hot glue and then sprinkled with sharp 
sand of different degrees of fineness. It is used 
for rubbing and finishing, and is intermediate in its action 
between emery-paper and glass-paper. 
sandpaper (sand'pa"per), v. t. [< sandpaper, 
N.] 1 . To rub, smooth, or polish with sand- 
paper. 
After the priming has been four days drying, and has 
then been sand-papered off, give another coat of the same 
paint. Workshop Receipts, 1st ser., p. 80. 
Hence, figuratively 2. To make smooth or 
even; polish, as a literary composition. Sand- 
papermg-machine.a machine in which sandpaper is em- 
ployed as an abradant in finishing wooden spokes, handles, 
etc., and in buffing shoe-soles. It is made in several forms 
according to the character of the work, with a rotating 
drum or disk covered with sandpaper. 
sandpaper-tree (sand'pa-per-tre), n. One of 
several trees of the order Dilleniacese, having 
leaves so rough that they can be used like sand- 
paper. Such trees are Curatella Americana of 
Guiana, and Dillenia scabrella of the East Indies. 
sand-partridge (sand'piir"trij), . A partridge 
of the genus Ammoperdix: translating the ge- 
neric name. There are two kinds : A. bonhami is widely 
distributed in India, Persia, and some other portions of 
Asia; A. heyi occupies Arabia and Palestine, and thence 
extends into Egypt and Nubia. They differ little from the 
members of the genus Perdix proper. See partridge, 1. 
sandpeep (sand'pep), w. A familiar name in 
the United States of various small sandpipers ; 
a peep; apeetweet: so called from their notes. 
The birds chiefly called by this name are the American 
stint or least sandpiper, Actodromas minutUla; the semi- 
palmated sandpiper, Ereunetes pusUlus ; and the peetweet, 
or spotted sandpiper, Tringoides macutarius. See cuts un- 
der Ereunetes, Tringoides, and stint. 
sand-perch (sand'pereh), n. The grass-bass, 
Pomoxys hexacanthus. [Southern U. S.] 
sand-picture (sand'pik'tur), n. A sheet of 
sandpaper upon which the sand is arranged in 
different colors to produce a sort of picture. 
sand-pigeon (sand'pij'on), n. Same as sand- 
grouse. 
The sand-grouse, better sand-pigeons, Pterocletes. Coues. 
sand-pike (sand'plk), . See pike 2 . 
sand-pillar (sand'pil"jir), . A sandspout. 
sand-pine (sand'pln), n. See pine 1 . 
sand-pipe (sand'plp), . 1. A deep hollow of a 
cylindrical form, many of which are found pene- 
trating the white chalk in England and France, 
and are filled with sand and gravel. Pipes of 
this kind have been noticed in England penetrating to 
a depth of sixty feet, and having a diameter of twelve feet. 
Also called sand-gall. 
2. In a locomotive, one of the pipes leading 
from the sand-boxes, through which sand is al- 
lowed to flow upon the rails just in advance of 
the treads of the driving-wheels to increase 
their tractive power. 
Connecting, coupling, and excentric rods are taken 
down, hornstays, brake rods, sand-pipett, and ploughs, and 
any pipes that run beneath the axles. 
The Engineer, LXIX. 159. 
sandpiper (sand'pl'per), n. 1. A small wad- 
ing bird that runs along the sand and utters a 
piping note; a sand-lark, sand-plover, or sand- 
snipe. Technically (a) A bird of the family Scolopaci- 
dse, subfamily Sculopacinff, and section Tringeie, of which 
there are about 20 species, of all parts of the world. They 
have the bill like a true snipe's in its sensitiveness and con- 
stricted gape, but it is little if any longer than the head, 
straight or scarcely decurved, and the tail lacks the cross- 
bars of that of most snipes and tattlers. The toes are four 
in number (excepting Calidris}, and cleft to the base (ex- 
cepting Micropalama and Ereunetes}. The sandpipers be- 
long especially to the northern hemisphere, and mostly 
breed in high latitudes ; but they perform the most ex- 
sandpiper 
tensive migrations, and in winter are generally dispersed 
over the world. The sexes are alike in plumage, but the 
seasonal changes of plumage are very great. The sand- 
pipers are probably without exception gregarious, and 
often fleck the beaches in flocks of hundreds or thousands. 
They live preferably in open wet sandy places, not in 
swamps and fens, and feed by probing with their sensi- 
tive bills, like snipes. Among them are the most diminu- 
tive of waders, as the tiny sandpipers of the genus Acto- 
dromas called stints. The semipalmated sandpiper is no 
larger, but has basal webs ; it is Ereunetes pitsillus of 
Amt'rica. The spoon-billed sandpiper, Euryiwrhynchus 
pyijm-xus, is another diminutive bird, of Asia and arctic 
America. The stilt-sandpiper has long legs and semi- 
palmated feet ; it is Micropalama himantopits. The broad- 
billed sandpiper is Limicola pygm&a or platyrhyncha, not 
found in America. The pectoral sandpiper, or grass-snipe, 
is Actodromas maculata, a characteristic American species 
Grass-snipe, or Pectoral Sandpiper (Tringa {Actodromas) 
maculata). 
of comparatively large size. Dunlins or purres are sand- 
pipers of the genus Pelidna. The curlew-sandpiper is 
Ancylochilus subarquatus. The purple sandpipers are sev- 
eral species of Arnuatella, as A. maritima. The knot, Ca- 
nute, red or red-breasted, or ash-colored sandpiper, or 
robin-snipe, is Tringa canutus. (b) A bird of the same fam- 
ily and subfamily as the foregoing, but of the section Tola- 
nese, or tattlers, several but not all of which are also known 
as sandpipers, because they used to be put in the old genus 
Tringa. The common sandpiper of Europe, etc., is Trin- 
goides or Actitis hypolcucus, of which the common peet- 
weet or spotted sandpiper of the United States, T. macu- 
larius, is a close ally. Green sandpipers belong to the ge- 
nus Ithyacophilus, as It. ochropus of Europe and R. solita,- 
rius of America. The wood-sandpiper of Europe is Tota- 
nus glareola. The fighting sandpiper is the run, Machetes 
or Pavoncella pugnax. The buff-breasted sandpiper is a 
peculiar American species, Tryngites rufescens or gubrvji- 
collis. The Bartramian sandpiper is Bartramia longicauda 
or Actiturus bartramius of America. See the technical 
and special names, and cuts under Bartramia, dunlin, 
Ereunetes, Eurynorhynchus, Micropalama, Khyacophilus, 
ruff, sanderling, stint, Tringa, Tringoides, and Tryngites. 
2. A fish, the pride Aberdeen sandpiper. Same 
as aberdeen. Aleutian sandpiper, Tringa (ArquateUa) 
coueri, a conspecies or race of the purple sandpiper, of 
northwestern North America, llidgn-ay, 1880. Armed 
sandpipert, an Australian spur-winged wattled plover, 
Lobimnellus miles (Boddaert), called by a geographical 
blunder Parra ludoriciana by Gmelin in 1788, and Tringa 
ludoviciana by Latham in 1790. Pennant. Ash-colored 
sandpiper, the knot in winter plumage. Pennant; La- 
tham, 1785. Baird's sandpiper, Tringa (Actodromas) 
bairdi, an abundant stint of both Americas, intermediate 
in size between the pectoral and the least sandpiper, and 
resembling both in coloration. Coues, 1861. Bartra- 
mian sandpiper. See Bartramia. Black-breasted 
sandpiper, the American dunlin in full plumage. See 
cut under dunlin. Black sandpiper, the purple sand- 
piper (Trinr/a lincolniensis of Latham, 1790). Pennant; 
IaHam,1786. (Lincolnshire, Eng.] Bonaparte's sand- 
piper, Tringa (Actodromas) bonapartei (or fuscicollis of 
Vieillot), a stint of the size of Baird's sandpiper, but with 
white upper tail-coverts. It is widely dispersed in both 
Americas, and is among the peeps which abound on the 
Atlantic coast during the migrations. Boreal sand- 
pipert. the streaked sandpiper, or surf-bird, from King 
Georges Sound. Latham, 1785. Broad-billed sand- 
piper. See def. 1. Buff-breasted sandpiper, a small 
tattler with avery slight bill, Tnjn<jitesmfe8cert8(oTubru- 
ficollisot Vieillot, 1819), widely dispersed but not very com- 
mon in both Americas. See cut under Tryngites. Cay- 
enne sandpipert, the South American lapwing, Vanel- 
lus (Belonopterux) cayennelMS. Latham, 1786. Common 
sandpiper. See def. 1. Kay; Willughby; etc. Cooper's 
sandpiper, Tringa moperi, a doubtful species, of which 
the only known specimen was shot on May 24th, 1838, on 
Long Island. F. llaird, 18B8. Curlew sandpiper. 
S&me&a pygmy curlew (which see, under curlew). Eques- 
trian sandpiper, the mft'. Fignting sandpiper, the 
ruff. Freckled sandpiper, the knot. Also called griz- 
zled sandpiper. Pennant; Latham. Gambetta sand- 
pipert, the red-legged horseman of Albin ; the redshank, 
a tattler. See cut under redshank. Pennant; Latham, 
1785. Goa sandpipert, a spur-winged plover of India, 
etc., Lobivanellus indicns, formerly Tringa goensie. La- 
tham, 1785. Gray sandpipert, the gray plover, Squa- 
tarola helvetica, formerly Tringa squatarola. Pennant; 
Latham, 1785. Green sandpiper. See def. 1 (6). Pen- 
nant; Latham, 1785. Greenwich sandpiper, the young 
ruff, formerly Tringa grenoricntfis. Latham. Grizzled 
sandpiper, the knot. Also grixled sandpiper. Latham, 
1785. Hebridal sandpipert, theturnstone, StrepgUasin- 
terpres. Pennant. Least sandpiper. See stint. Little 
sandpiper, Tringa pitsilla, terms under which the older 
ornithologists confounded Wilson's stint with the semi- 
palmated sandpiper. The rectification was made by John 
<':issin, in I860, when Tringa pitKilla first became Ereu- 
>iftr puxilhu. Louisiana sandpipert. Same as Pen- 
nant's armed sandpiper, by a geographical blunder. La- 
tham. 1785. Prybilof sandpiper, Tringa (Arquatella) 
ptilocnemis of Coues (1873), a kind of purple sandpiper 
