Scammony (Convolvulus Scan 
monia). R t the root. 
scammonia 
scammonia (ska-mo'ni-il), . [NL. : see urniii- 
iiiOHif.] Same as .H-IIIHIIIOHI/. 
scammoniate (ska-mo'ui-at), a. [< xeainninni/ 
(L. ttc<imi<iiit) + -flffe-i.] Made with scam- 
mony. 
Scammoniate or other acrimonious medicines. 
Wiseman, Surgery. 
scammony (skam'o-ni), . [Early mod. E. 
n\so scammonie, scainoni/; < ME. xrnmony.xriini- 
0/111; < OF. scannt- 
nee,scammonee,.icam- 
monie, F. KCiimnioHiT 
= Pr. Sp. Pg. esca- 
monea = It. sciinio- 
nea, ncfinimonea, < L. 
scammonia, seautiin>- 
nea, < Gr. axaftfiuvla, 
scammony; said to 
be of Pers. origin.] 
1. A plant, Con- 
volvulus Scammonia, 
which grows abun- 
dantly in Syria and 
Asia Minor. Its stems, 
bearing arrow-shaped 
leaves, trail or climb a 
distance of several feet, and it has a large tapering root 
which is the source of the drug scammony. 
They have also a very good scamany and althea here (in 
Mytilene], and I saw a great quantity of alkermes, but 
they do not make any use of it. 
Pococke, Description of the East, II. ii. 10. 
2. A gum-resin consisting of the inspissated 
root-juice of this plant. It is obtained by slicing off 
the top of the root obliquely and collecting as it runs off 
the sap, which concretes in course of time. It appears 
in commerce commonly in fragments or cakes of a green- 
ish-gray or blackish color, has a peculiar odor somewhat 
like that of cheese, and a slightly acrid taste. Virgin 
scammony, the pure exuded article, is little in the market ; 
the common scammony is adulterated with a decoction of 
the root and with earthy and other substances, on which 
account the dried roots are to some extent imported and 
the resin extracted by alcohol. Scammony is an energetic 
cathartic. French or Montpelller scammony, a sub- 
stance made in the south of France from theexpressed juice 
(it has been said) of Cynanchum acutuin (C. Monspelia- 
eum), mixed with different resins and other purgative sub- 
stances. Lacryma scammony, pure scammony, con- 
sisting of the juice mixed with the later scrapings of the 
cut surface and dried. Resin Of scammony. See resin. 
Scammony-root, the dried root of Convolvulus Scam- 
monia, used in preparing resin of acammony. 
scamp 1 (skamp), v. t. [Also in var. fo7-m skimp; 
prob.< Icel. skamta, dole out, apportion (meals), 
hence scant or stint: see scant, of which scamp 
is thus a doublet.] To execute in superficial 
manner; perform in a careless, slip-shod, dis- 
honest, or perfunctory manner: as, to scamp 
work. 
That all the accessories most needful to health, but not 
of the most elegant description, would be scamped or 
neglected. Saturday Rev. 
These 9-inch chimneys, he told me, were frequent in 
scamped houses, houses got up at the lowest possible rate 
by speculating builders. 
Mayhew, London Labour and London Poor, II. 356. 
scamp- (skamp), w. [Perhaps < "scamp, v. (not 
found except as in freq. scamper), flee, decamp, 
< OF. escamper, eschamper, scamper, schamper, 
escape, flee, = Sp. Pg. escampar, escape, cease 
from (> Sp. escampada, stampede), = It. scam- 
pare, escape, decamp, tr. deliver, save, < ML. 
*cxcampare, < L. ex-, out, + campus, a field, 
esp. a field of battle: see camp 2 , and cf. de- 
camp, scamper 2 , scamble, shamble 2 . Cf. tramp, 
a vagabond, < tramp, v.'] 1. A fugitive or vaga- 
bond; a worthless fellow-; a swindler; a mean 
villain ; a rascal ; a rogue. 
Scamp. A highwayman. [Thieves' cant.] Hoyal scamp; 
a highwayman who robs civilly. Royal foot scamp ; afoot- 
pad who behaves in like manner. 
Grose, Class. Diet, of Vulg. Tongue (2d ed.), 1788. 
He has done the scamp too much honour. 
De Quincey, Works, II. 43. (Latham.) 
"The impudent bog-trotting scamp," he thought, "dare 
to threaten me ! " Thackeray, Pendennis, xiii. 
The postillions and boatmen along this route were great 
scamps, frequently asking more than the legal fare, and in 
one instance thi-eatened to prevent us from going on un- 
less we paid it. B. Taylor, Northern Travel, p. 340. 
Among the Mexicans . . . every rich man looks like a 
grandee, and every poor suamplike a broken-down gentle- 
man. R. II. Dana, Jr., Before the Mast, p. 84. 
2. A serranoid fish, Trisotropis falcatiis, of a 
brown color with irregular darker spots, and 
with the pectorals edged with blackish and 
orange. It occurs along the coast of Florida and in the 
West Indies, and belongs very near the groupers of the 
genus Epiiiephclux. See Trisotropis. 
scampavia (skam-pa-ve'il), . [It., < scampare, 
escape (see scamp 2 ), +"ria, way, course (see 
ria).] Naiit., a fast-rowing war-boat of Naples 
anl Sicily. In 1814-15 they were built 150 feet in 
5373 
length, and were pulled by forty sweeps or large oars, 
every rower having his bunk under his sweep. They were 
rigged with one huge lateen sail at one third the distance 
from the bow, and no forward bulwark or stem was car- 
ried above deck. They carried a gun forward of the 
mast, about two feet above water. Aft they carried a 
lateen mizzen with topsail. 
scamper 1 (skam'per), n. [< scamp 1 + -er 1 .] 
One who scamps work. Imp. Diet. 
scamper' 2 (skam'per), r. i. [Freq. of \/ *//>, 
v., or, with retained inf. termination, < OF. 
escamper, escape, flee : see scamp 2 . Cf. scamblc, 
shamble 2 .] To run with speed ; hasten away. 
A fox seized upon the fawn, and fairly scampered away 
with him. Sir R. L' Estrange. 
We were forc'd to cut our Cables in all haste, and scam- 
per away as well as we could. Dampier, Voyages, 1. 180. 
So horribly confounded were these poor savages at the 
tremendous and uncouth sound of the Low Dutch lan- 
guage that they one and all took to their heels, and scam- 
pered over the Bergen hills. Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 90. 
scamper 2 (skam'per), . [< scamper 2 , v.] A 
hasty run or flight. 
Wordsworth's ordinary amusements here were hunting 
and fishing, rowing, skating, and long walks around the 
lake and among the hills, with an occasional scamper on 
horseback. Lowell, Among my Books, 2d ser., p. 20f>. 
scampish (skam'pish), a. [< scamp 2 , n., + -ish 1 .] 
Pertaining to or like a scamp; knavish; ras- 
cally. 
The alcalde personally renewed his regrets for the ri- 
diculous scene of the two scampish oculists. 
De Quincey, Spanish Nun, 23. (Dames.) 
Scampish Alain and ruffianly Rodellec. 
The American, VII. 170. 
scampy (skam'pi), a. [< scamp 2 + -i/ 1 .] Same 
as scampish. 
Scan (skan), c. ; pret. and pp. scanned, ppr. scan- 
ning. [Early mod. E. also skan, scanne; < ME. 
scannen, for *scanden, < OF. escander, exandir, 
climb (also scan ?), F. scander (> D. scanderen = 
G. scandiren = Sw. skandera = Dan. skandere), 
scan, = It. scandere, climb, scan,< L. scanderc, 
climb (scandere versus, measure or read verse by 
its feet, scan), = Skt. -\fskand, spring, ascend. 
From the L. scandere are also ult. E. scansion, 
scansorial 1 , etc., ascend, descend, condescend, 
transcend, and (through the deriv. scala) scale 3 , 
escalade, etc.] I. trans. If. To climb; mount. 
[Bare.] 
Ne staide till she the highest stage had scand, 
Where Cynthia did sit, that never still did stand. 
Spenser, F. Q., VII. vi. 8. 
2. To examine by counting the metrical feet or 
syllables ; read or recite so as to indicate the 
metrical structure. 
Scanne verse (scannyn verses). Scando. 
Prompt. Parv., p. 442. 
Harry, whose tuneful and well-measured song 
First taught our English musick how to span 
Words with just note and accent, not to .scon 
With Midas ears, committing short and long. 
Milton, Sonnets, viii. 3. 
Hence 3. To go over and examine point by 
point; examine minutely or nicely; scrutinize. 
Exactly to skan the trueth of euery case that shall hap- 
pen in the affaires of man. 
Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 221. 
I would I might entreat your honour 
To scan this thing no further. 
Shak., Othello, iii. 3. 245. 
My father's souldiers fled away for feare, 
As soone as once theyr Captayne's death they scand. 
Mir. for Mags. (ed. Haslewood), I. 78. 
Vet this, if thou the matter rightly scanne, 
Is of noe force to make the perfect man. 
Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.X p. 112. 
Scanning my face and the changes wrought there. 
M. Arnold, Faded Leaves, Separation. 
II. intrans. To follow or agree with the rules 
of meter: as, lines that scan well Scanning 
speech, in pathol., monotonous speech in which the sylla- 
bles are separated by prolonged pauses. 
scandt. An obsolete form of scanned, past par- 
ticiple of scan. 
Scand. An abbreviation of Scandinavian. 
scandal (skan'dal), n. [Early mod. E. also 
scandall; < ME. scandal, scandle (= D. schan- 
daal G. Sw. skandal = Dan. skandale), < OF. 
scandale, scandalle, scandele, also escandle, F. 
scandale = Pr. escandol = Sp. escdndalo = Pg. 
escandalo = It. scandalo, a scandal, offense, < 
LL. scandal urn, a stumbling-block, an induce- 
ment to sin, a temptation, < Gr. anavdatov (in 
LXX. and N. T.), a snare laid for an enemy, 
a trap or stumbling-block, also scandal, of- 
fense, in classical Gr. only in the form aKavSa- 
Atfl/iov, orig. the spring of a trap, the stick which 
sprang up when the trap was shut, and on 
which the bait was placed ; prob. < / *skanil 
= L. scanderc = Skt. ^skand, climb, springup: 
see scan. From the same source is derived E. 
scandalize 
slander, a doublet of scandal.] 1. Offense 
caused by faults or misdeeds; reproach or rep- 
robation called forth by what is considered 
wrong; opprobrium; shame; disgrace. 
O, what a scandal is it to our crown 
That two such noble peers as ye should jar ! 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., iii. 1. 69. 
Then there had been no such scandals raised by the de- 
generacy of men upon the most excellent and peaceable 
Religion in the World. SKllingfteet, Sermons, I. iii. 
My obscurity and taciturnity leave me at liberty, with- 
out scandal, to dine, if I see fit, at a common ordinary. 
Steele, Spectator, No. 88. 
2. Reproachful aspersion ; defamatory speech 
or report; something uttered which is injuri- 
ous to reputation ; defamatory talk ; malicious 
gossip. 
When Scandal has new minted an old He, 
Or tax'd invention for a fresh supply, 
'Tis call'd a satire, and the world appears 
Gath'ring around it with erected ears. 
Cowper, Charity, 1. 513. 
No scandal about Queen Elizabeth, I hope ? 
Sheridan, The Critic, ii. 1. 
3. In law: (a) A report, rumor, or action 
whereby one is affronted in public. (6) An ir- 
relevant and defamatory or indecent statement 
introduced into a pleading or proceeding; any 
allegation or statement which is unbecoming 
the dignity of the court to hear, or is contrary 
to good manners, or which unnecessarily either 
charges a person with a crime or bears cruelly 
on his moral character. 4. That which causes 
scandal or gives offense ; an action or circum- 
stance that brings public disgrace to the per- 
sons involved, or offends public morals. 
What shall I call thee, thou gray-bearded scandal, 
That kick'st against the sovereignty to which 
Thou ow'st allegiance? Ford, 1'erkin Warbeck, iii. 4. 
= Syn. 1. Discredit, disrepute, dishonor. 2. Backbiting, 
slander, calumny, detraction. 
scandal (skan'dal), r. t. ; pret. and pp. scandaled 
or scandalled, ppr. scandalinr/ or scandalling. 
[< OF. scandaler, escandaler, < scandale, scan- 
dal: see scandal, .] 1. To throw scandal on; 
defame; asperse; traduce. 
If you know 
That I do fawn on men and hug them hard 
And after scandal them, . . . then hold me dangerous. 
Shak., J. C., L 2. 76. 
Ill tongues that scandal innocence. 
Dryden, Flower and Leaf, 1. 607. 
Now say I this, that I do know the man 
Which doth abet that traitorous libeller, 
Who did compose and spread that slanderous rime 
Which scandals you and doth abuse the time. 
Heywood, Edw. IV. (Works, ed. Pearson, 1874, 1. 177). 
2f. To scandalize ; offend ; shock. 
They who are proud and Pharisaical will be scandalled 
even at the best and well disciplined things. 
Tooker, Fabrick of the Church (ed. 1004), p. 75. (Latham.) 
scandal-bearer (skan'dal-bar"er), n. A propa- 
gator of scandal or malicious gossip. 
The unwillingness to receive good tidings is a quality 
as inseparable from a scandal-bearer as the readiness to 
divulge bad. Steele, Spectator, No. 427. 
SCandaledt (skan'dald), (i. [< scandal + -ed 2 .] 
Scandalous; disgraceful. 
Her [Venus's] and her blind boy's scandal'd company 
I have forsworn. Shak., Tempest, iv. 1. 90. 
scandalisatiqn, scandalise. See scandaliza- 
tion, scandalize. 
scandalization (skan"dal-i-za'shon), H. [Early 
mod. E. scandalisacion, < OF. scandalisacion, 
< scandaliser, scandalize : see scandalize.] I. 
The act of scandalizing, defaming, or disgra- 
cing; aspersion; defamation. 
The Lords of the Council laid hold of one Walmesley, a 
publican at Islington, and punished him for spreading 
false reports and "scandalization of my Lord of Shrews- 
bury." Athenseum, No. 3192, p. 889. 
2. Scandal ; scandalous sin. 
Let one lyue neuer so wyckedly 
In abhominable scandalisacion, 
As longe as he will their church obaye. 
Not refusynge his tithes duely to paye, 
They shall make of him no accusacion. 
Dyaloge bettceene a Gentttlman and a Husbandman, p. 168. 
((Dacies.) 
Also spelled soandaliaation. 
scandalize 1 (skan'dal-iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
scandalized, ppr. scandalizing. [< OF. scanda- 
liser, escandaliser, F. scandaliser = Pr. escanda- 
(Jw=Sp. Pg. escandalizar = It. scandalizzare, 
scandalezzare, < LL. scandalizarc, < Gr. onavda- 
Mfciv, cause to stumble, tempt, < mtavdatov, a 
snare, stumbliiig-block : see scandal.] 1. To 
offend by some action considered very wrong 
or outrageous; shock; give offense to: as, to 
be scandalized at a person's conduct. 
I demand who they are whom we scandalize by using 
harmless things? Hooker. 
