scapuloradial 
to the scapula and the radius : as, a scapulora- 
dial muscle (represented in man by the long 
head of the biceps). 
scapulo-ulnar (skap"i)-16-ul'nar), a. [< NL. 
scapula + ulna + -ar&.] Of or pertaining to 
the scapula and the ulna : as, a scapulo-ulnar 
muscle (represented in man by the long head 
of the triceps). 
scapulovertebral (skap"u-16-ver'te-bral), a. [< 
scapula + vertebra + -a/.] Pertaining to the 
shoulder-blade or scapula and to the spine or 
vertebral column : as, the rhomboidei are scap- 
ulovertebral muscles. 
Bcapus(ska'pus),M.; pl.scapi(-pl). [NL.,<L.sca- 
pus, a shaft, stem: seescape*.] i. inarch., the 
shaft of a column. 2. In hot. , same as scope 2 , 1. 
3. In entom., the scape of an antenna. 4. In 
ornith., the scape of a feather; the whole stem 
or shaft, divided into the ban-el or calamus and 
therachis. 5. [cap.'] A genus of crelenterates. 
scar 1 (skar), . [Early mod. E. also skar ; < 
ME. scar, scarre, skarre,<. OF. escare, F. escarre, 
escliarre = Sp. Pg. It. escara, a scar, scab, crust, 
< L. eschara, a scar, esp. from a burn, < Gr. ea- 
%apa, a scab, scar caused by burning, a hearth, 
means of producing fire, etc.: see eschar.'] 1. 
A mark in the skin or flesh made by a wound, 
burn, or ulcer, and remaining after the wound, 
burn, or ulcer is healed ; a cicatrix. 
He jests at scars that never felt a wound. 
Shak., K. and J., ii. 2. 1. 
Let Paris bleed ; 'tis but u scar to scorn. 
Shak.,1. andC.,1. 1. 114. 
That time, whose soft palm heals the wound of war, 
May cure the sore, but never close the tear. 
Drayton, Barons' Wars, i. 1& 
You have got a Scar upon your Cheek that is above a 
Span long. Jf. Bailey, tr. of Colloquies of Erasmus, I. 267. 
2. Figuratively, any mark resulting from in- 
jury, material or moral. 
The very glorified body of Christ retained in it the scars 
and marks of former mortality. 
Hooker, Eccles. Polity, v. 54. 
Th' Earth, degenerate 
From her first beauty, bearing still vpon her 
Eternall Scars of her fond Lords dishonour. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 3. 
This smooth earth . . . had the beauty of youth and 
blooming nature, . . . and not a wrinkle, scar, or fracture 
in all its body. Burnet, Theory of the Earth, i. 6. 
3. A spot worn by -long use, as by the limpet. 
The greatest distance from its scar at which I noticed a 
marked limpet to be was about three feet. 
Nature, XXXI. 200. 
4. In hot., a mark on a stem or branch seen 
after the fall of a leaf, or on a seed after the 
separation of its stalk. See hilum. 
There were thick-stemmed and less graceful species 
with broad rhombic scars (Leptophleum), and others with 
the leaf-scars in vertical rows (Sigillaria), and others, again, 
with rounded leaf-scars, looking like the marks on Stig- 
maria. Dawson, Geol. Hist, of Plants, p. 71. 
5. In conch., an impression left by the insertion 
of a muscle ; a ciborium ; an eye. In bivalve shells 
the principal scars are those left by the adductor muscles, 
which in most species are two in number, an anterior and 
a posterior, but in others only one, which is subcentral ; 
other scars are left by the muscles which move the foot. 
See cut under ciborium. 
6. In entom., a definite, often prominent, space 
on the anterior face of the mandibles of rhyn- 
chophorous beetles of the family Otiorhynchi- 
dx. It indicates the deciduous piece or cusp which 
falls off soon after the insect attaius its perfect state. See 
deciduous. 
7. In founding, a weak or imperfect place in a 
casting, due to some fault in the metal. 
scar 1 (skar), v.: pret. and pp. scarred, ppr. scar- 
ring. [< scar*, n.] I. trans. To mark with a 
scar or scars ; hence, to wound or hurt. 
Ill not shed her blood, 
Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow. 
Shak., Othello, v. 2. 4. 
I would not scar that body, 
That virtuous, valiant body, nor deface it, 
To make the kingdom mine. 
Fletcher, Pilgrim, iv. 2. 
U. intrans. To become scarred ; form a scar. 
scar 11 (skar), . [Also (Sc.) scaur; < ME. scarre, 
skerre, < Icel. skcr, an isolated rock in the sea, 
= Sw. skar = Dan. skjeer (cf. OD. schaere), a 
cliff, a rock ; cf. Icel. skor, a rift in a rock ; < Icel. 
skera = Sw. skara = Dan. sksere, cut, shear : see 
shear 1 , and cf. share 1 , score, and shore 1 . Hence 
&lso skerry.] 1. A naked, detached rock. 2. A 
cliff; a precipitous bank; a bare and broken 
place on the side of a hill or mountain. 
Is it the roar of Teviot's tide 
That chafes against the scaur's red side? 
Scott, L. of L. M., 1. 12. 
6378 
0, sweet and far from cliff and scar 
The horns of Elfland faintly blowing. 
Tennyson, Princess, iii. (song). 
The word enters into many place-names in Great Britain, 
as Scarborough, Scarclirf, etc. 
scar 3 , a. Same as scare 1 . 
scar 4 (skar), n. [< L. scarus, < Gr. mdpor, a sea- 
fish, Scams cretensis, supposed by the ancients 
to chew the cud.] A scaroid fish. See Scarus. 
scarab (skar'ab), . [Formerly also scarabe ; 
also scarabee, < F. scarabee = Pr. escaravai = 
Sp. escardbajo = Pg. escarabeo, scaraveo (also 
dim. escaravelho) = lt.scarabeo, < L. scarabsetis, 
& beetle; cf. Gr. napajiof, var. Kapa/3u>f, Kapd/i- 
[Jiof, Kapaftic,, a horned beetle, stag-beetle, also a 
kind of crab; Skt. carabha, calabha, a locust. 
The Gr. forms *mapa{}etos, "dKapafioc,, commonly 
cited, are not authentic.] 1. A beetle, it was 
supposed to be bred in and to feed on dung; hence the 
name was often applied opprobriously to persons. See 
dung-beetle, tumblebuy, and cuts under Copris and Scara- 
bus. 
Some [grow rich] by hearbs, as cankers, and after the 
same sort our apothecaries ; others by ashes, as scarabts, 
and how else get our colliers the pence? 
Xashe, Pierce Penilesse, p. 22. 
Such as thou, 
They are the moths and scarabs of a state. 
B. Jonson, Poetaster, iv. 5. 
These sponges, that suck up a kingdom's fat, 
Battening like scarabs in the dung of peace. 
JUassinger, Duke of Milan, ill. 1. 
2. In entom., a coleopterous insect of the fam- 
ily Scarabeeidee, and especially of the genus 
Scarabeevs; a scarabseid or 
scarabreoid. 3. A gem, 
usually emerald, green feld- 
spar, or obsidian, cut in the 
form of a beetle and en- 
graved on the under face, 
common among the ancient 
Egyptians as an amulet. 
Also scarabieus. 
Theodoros in the bronze statue 
which he made of himself was rep- 
resented holding in one hand a 
scarab engraved with the design of 
a quadriga. 
A. S. Murray, Greek Sculpture, 
[I. 77. 
Scarab. 
Time of Tbotmcs III. 
(Size of original.) 
scarabseid (skar-a-be'id), a. and . I. a. Per- 
taining to the Scarabeeidse ; related to or resem- 
bling a scarabseid; scaraboeoid. Also scara- 
bxidous. 
II. n. A beetle of the family Scarabeeidae ; a 
' scarabseoid or scarab. 
Scarabaeidse (skar-a-be'i-de), n. pi. [NL. 
(Leach, 1817), < Scarabeeus + -idee.] A very 
large family of beetles of the lamellicorn se- 
ries, having the lamella? of the antennal club 
capable of close apposition and not flattened, 
and having fossorial legs. The family contains 
about 7,000 described species, of which between 600 and 
600 Inhabit America north of Mexico. They are usually 
of large size, and among them are the largest beetles 
known. Many of them are leaf-feeders, others live on 
fruit, flowers, honey, sap, decaying animal matter, and 
excrement. The larvae are robust white grubs, living or- 
dinarily underground, or in decaying stumps and logs, 
or in dung. The males are usually much larger than the 
females, and are often distinguished by horns upon the 
head or prothorax, or by better developed antennae, or by 
modifications of the legs. Many noted pests to agricul- 
ture belong to this group, such as the May-beetles or 
June-bugs and cockchafers of America and Europe, the 
Anisoplia austriaca of the Russian wheat-fields, and the 
rose-chafer and fig-eater of the United States. Corre- 
sponding groups in former use are Scarabieida, Scarabse- 
ides, Scarabseina-, and Scarabxites. See cuts under Her- 
cules-beetle, Pelidnota, and Scarabfeus. 
scarabaeidoid (skar-a-be'i-doid), a. [< scara- 
bseid + -oid.] Noting a stage of the larva 
(after the second molt) of those insects which 
undergo hypermetamorphosis, as the blister- 
beetles (Meloidfe). This stage succeeds the caraboid, 
and is followed by the ultimate stage of the second larva, 
after which comes the coarctate pupa. C. V. ftiley. 
scarabasidous (skar-a-be'i^dus), a. Same as 
scarabseid. 
The ordinary hairs of scarabseidoui beetles. 
Science, III. 127. 
SCarabaeist (skar-a-be'ist), n. [< Scarabfe(idie) 
+ -ist.] A special student of the Scarabssidee; 
a coleopteristwho makes a special study of the 
Scardbseidee. 
The possibility of any coleopterist being more than a 
scarabseM. Standard (London), Nov. 11, 1885. 
scarabaeoid, scarabeoid (skar-a-be'oid), a. and 
re. [< Scarabeeus + -oid.] I. a. 1. Resem- 
bling a scarab; scarabffiid; pertaining, related, 
or belonging to the Scarabieidse. 2. Specifi- 
cally, scarabseidoid. C. V. Riley. 
II. M. A carved scarab but remotely resem- 
bling the natural insect; or, more usually, an 
Egyptian Scarabaeus (Attucktts pius], 
natural size. 
scarbug 
imitation or counterfeit scarab, such as were 
produced in great numbers by the ancient 
Phenicians. 
Others [scarabs] again but vaguely recall the form of the 
insect, and are called scarabteoids. 
Maspero, Egypt. Areliaol. (tr. 1887), p. 242. 
Scarabaeus (skar-a-be'us), n. [Also Scarabeus; 
NL. (Linnteus, 1767), < L. scarabieus, a beetle : 
see scarab.] 1. An Old World genus of la- 
mellicorn beetles, 
typical of the Sca- 
rabfeidte, formerly 
equivalent to La- 
mellicornia, now re- 
stricted to about 70 
species distributed 
through Africa and 
the warmer parts 
of Europe an d Asia. 
They are coprophagous 
in habit, the adults 
rolling up balls of ex- 
crement in which the 
females lay their eggs. 
The sacred scarab of 
the Egyptians is 5. 
sacer, found through- 
out the countries bor- 
dering on the Mediter- 
ranean. It is probable 
also that another spe- 
cies, S. laticollis, was 
held in religious veneration by the Egyptians, as the 
scarab is sometimes figured by them with strlate elytra, a 
character which pertains to this alone. Species of Ateu- 
chus, as A. plus, were formerly included in this genus. 
2. [I. c.; pi. scarab/ei (-i).] Same as scarab, 3. 
scarabee (skar'a-be), n. [Formerly also scara- 
bie; < F. scarabee, < L. scarabfeus, a beetle: see 
scarab.] Same as scarab. 
Such as you render the throne of majesty, the court, 
suspected and contemptible ; you are scarabees that bat- 
ten in her dung, and have no palats to taste her curious 
viands. Fletcher (and another), Elder Brother, iv. 1. 
Up to my pitch no common judgment flies, 
I scorn all earthly dung-bred scarabies. 
Drayton, Idea, xxxl. (To the Critics.) 
scarabeoid, a. and . See scarabxoid. 
Scarabeus, . See Scarabfeus. 
scaraboid (skar'a-boid), a. and n. [< scarab + 
-oid.] I. a. Resembling a scarab; of the na- 
ture of a scarab. 
But these lenticular and scaraboid gems are precisely 
those which the amateur pardonably neglects. 
The Academy, Oct. 6, 1888, No. 867, p. 229. 
II. n. 1. In entom., a scarabseoid beetle. 2. 
An ornament, amulet, etc., resembling a scarab, 
but not complete as to all its parts, or other- 
wise differing from a true scarab; also, an imi- 
tation scarab, as one of Phenician or Greek 
origin, as distinguished from a true or Egyptian 
scarab. 
From the Crimean tombs we learn that the favourite 
form of signet-ring in the fourth century was a scarab or 
scaraboid, mounted in a gold swivel-ring, and having a 
subject in intaglio on the under side. 
C. T. Newtan, Art and Archieol., p. 595. 
The design on a crystal scaraboid in the British Museum. 
A. S. Murray, Greek Sculpture, I. 123, note. 
Scaramouch (skar'a-mouch), . [Formerly also 
Scaramoche, also Scaramoucho (after It.); < F. 
scaramouche, a buffoon, < Scaramouche (E. Scara- 
moxche, Scaramoucha), < It. Scaramuccia, a fa- 
mous Italian zany of the 2d half of the 17th 
century, who acted in England and died in 
Paris; the proper name being < scaramuccia 
(>OF. escarmouche), & skirmish: see skirmish.] 
A buffoon in Italian comedy and farce, a cow- 
ardly braggadocio who is beaten by Harlequin. 
The character is often adopted in masquerades, 
with a dress usually of black, and grotesquely 
ornamented. 
Th' Italian merry-andrews took their place. . . . 
Stout Scaramoucfta with rush lance rode in. 
Dryden, Epil. to Univ. of Oxford, 1673. 
His astonishment still increased upon him, to see a con- 
tinued procession of harlequins, scaramouches, puncbinel- 
los, and a thousand other merry dresses. 
Addison, Foxhunter at a Masquerade. 
scarbott, [ME., < OF. *scnrbot, scarbottc, 
escarbot, escharbot, escarbote, F. escarbot (ML. 
reflex scarbo, scrabo, scabo), beetle, < L. scara- 
bfeus, a beetle : see scarab.] A beetle. Prompt. 
Parr., rj. 442. 
scarbrpite (skar'bro-it), n. [< Scarborough, 
sometimes written Scarbro', a town of England, 
+ -ite 2 .] A white clay-like mineral, void of 
luster, and essentially a hydrous silicate of 
aluminium. It occurs as veins in the beds of 
sandstone covering the calcareous rock near 
Scarborough in England. 
scarbugt, . See scarebug. 
