scarify 
2. To stir up and prepare for sowing or plant- 
ing by means of a scarifier: as, to scarify the 
soil. 3. Figuratively, to harrow or rasp, as 
the feelings. 
Scarina (ska-ri'na), . pi. [NL., < Seams 4 
-iM2.] In 'Giint'her's ichthyological system, 
the fifth group of Labridie : same as Scaridse. 
Scarinae (ska-ri'ne), n. pi. [NL. (Swainson. 
1839), < Scar'us + -hue.] A subfamily of fishes, 
typified by the genus Scar-us, referred by most 
authors to the Labridie: same as Scaridse. 
scariose (ska'ri-os), a. [< NL. scariosus: see 
->ws.] Same as scarioitx. 
ScariOUS (ska'ri-us), a. [= F. scarieux, < NL. 
scariosus, < L. scoria, a word found in glossa- 
ries with the sense of 'thorny shrub' (Lit- 
tr6).] 1. In lot., thin, dry, and membrana- 
ceous, as the involucral bracts of many Compo- 
sitx: contrasted with herbaceous. 2. In zool., 
scaly; scurfy; furfuraceous. 
ScariOUS-bracted (ska'ri-us-brak"ted), a. In 
hot., provided with or consisting of scarious 
bracts: said chiefly of flowers. See Amaran- 
taceae. 
scaritid (skar'i-tid), a. [< NL. Semites (see 
def.).] Pertaining to the Scaritim, a tribe of 
ground-beetles of the family Carabidfe, typified 
by the genus Scarites. Compare Mono. 
scarlatet, and a. An obsolete form of scarlet. 
scarlatina (skar-la-te'nii), w. [= F. scarlatine 
= Sp. Pg. escarlatina, < NL. scarlatina, < It. 
scarlattina, scarlatina, a name given by a Ne- 
apolitan physician in 1553, fern, of scarlattino, 
< ML. scarlatinus, scarlet, < scarlatum, scarlet: 
see scarlet.'] Same as scarlet fever (which see, 
under fever 1 ) Scarlatina anginosa, or anginose 
scarlet fever, that form of scarlet fever in which the faucial 
inflammation is very serious. Scarlatina maligna, very 
severe scarlet fever, with grave nervous symptoms, and 
usually fatal. 
scarlatinal (skar-la-te'nal), a. [< scarlatina + 
-nl] Pertaining to or of the nature of scarla- 
tina. 
scarlatiniform (skar-la-te'ni-form), a. [< NL. 
scarlatina + L. forma, form.] Resembling 
scarlatina or some feature of scarlatina. 
scarlatinoid (skar-la-te'noid), a. [< scarlatina 
+ -oi(l.~\ Resembling scarlatina or any of its 
symptoms. 
scarlatinous (skar-la-te'nus), a. [< NL. scar- 
latina + -ous.] Pertaining to or of the nature 
of scarlatina or scarlet fever. 
scarless (skar'les), a. [< scar* + -less.] Free 
from scars. 
scarlet (skar'let), n. and a. [Early mod. E. also 
scarlate; < ME. scarlet, scarlett, scarlat, skarlet, 
scharlette = MD. scharlaet, scharlaeck, IX schar- 
laken = MLG. scharlaken = MHG. scharldt, later 
scharlach, scharlachen, G. scharlach = Dan. 
skarlagen = Sw. skarlakan (the forms in D. G. 
Dan. Sw. simulating D. laken, MHG. lachen, E. 
lake*, a linen cloth) = Icel.sfcarfa,sfcaMa<,<OF. 
escarlate, F. ecarlate = Pr. escarlat = Sp. Pg. 
escarlata = It. scarlatto, formerly scarlato = 
OBulg. skr&lato = Serv. skerlet, shkrlet = Turk. 
iskcrlat = NGr. map^arov, < ML. scarlatum, scar- 
let, a cloth of a scarlet color, < Pers. saqalat, si- 
qaldt, suqlat, scarlet cloth, > saqldtun, saqldtm, 
scarlet cloth; cf. suqlat (in the Punjab trade), 
broadcloth, used for banners, robes, quilts, leg- 
gings, housings, pavilions, etc. ; cf. AT. saqar- 
lat, a warm woolen cloth, siqldt, fine painted or 
figured cloth, a canopy over a litter; cf. Telu- 
gu sakaldli, sakalatu, woolen or broadcloth. 
From the Pers. saqlatun was prob. ult. derived 
in part the ME. ciclatoun : see ciclaton.] I. n. 
1. A highly chromatic and brilliant red color, 
inclining toward orange. The color of red iodide of 
5381 
For duble fees 
A dunce may tunie a Doctour, & in state 
Wnlkein his warier.' 
Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.), p. 48. 
Have ye brought me any scarlets sae red, 
Or any of the silks sae line? 
William and Marjorie (Child's Ballads, II. 150). 
Iodine scarlet Same as pure scarlet. Pure scarlet, a 
very brilliant but also very fugitive pigment composed of 
the iodide of mercury. It is not now used. 
II. (i. 1. Of the color scarlet ; bright-red. 
They [kings and heralds] were entitled to six ells of scar- 
let cloth as their fee, and had all their expenses defrayed 
during the continuation of the tournament. 
Strutt, Sports and Pastimes, p. -209. 
The poppies show their scarlet coats. 
Keats, To my brother George. 
2. Dressed in scarlet; wearing scarlet. 
Out, tawny coats ! out, scarlet hypocrite ! 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., i. 3. 56. 
Scarlet admiral the red admiral, a butterfly, Vanessa 
atalanta. - Scarlet bean. Same as scarlet runner.- Scar- 
let cup a fungus of certain scarlet species of Peziza, as \1 . 
auran&a. See Pezim. [Prov. Eng.] Scarlet fever. See 
feveri Scarlet fish, the telescope-carp.a Chinese variety 
of the goldfish, of a red color, with very prominent eyes. 
Scarlet grain, a coccid, the Polish berry, Coccus polo- 
nicus or Porphyrophora polonica. See Polish* and Porphy- 
rophora. Scarlet grosbeak. Same as cardmal-tnrd. - 
Scarlet hat a cardinal's hat; hence, the dignity of car- 
S - Scarlet haw. See haw*, 3.- Scarlet Ibis. See 
ibis, l.-Scarlet lake. Sec lake*.- Scarlet lightning, 
(a) The scarlet lychnis. (6) The red valerian, Centranthus 
ruber. [Prov. Eng.] Scarlet lychnis. See Lychms, 
2 Scarlet mallow. See Pavonia. Scarlet maple, 
oak ocher See the nouns. Scarlet mite, a trom- 
bidild as Trmnbidium holosericeum, of a scarlet color when 
adult. Scarlet painted-cup. See painted-cup. Scar- 
let pimpernel. See pimpernel, 4. Scarlet rash. Same 
as roseola. Scarlet runner. See runner. Scarlet 
sage. See sageZ. Scarlet snake, Osceola elapsmdea, of 
the southern United States, which is bright-red with about 
twenty black rings, each inclosing a white one. It thus 
ii -* *t-~ *.... Ulrtmo Hilt ia 
resembl' 
scart 
foot of the rampart; hence, any sharp, steep 
slope. See cut under parapet. 2. Same as 
escarpment, 2. [Rare.] - Scarp gallery, a covered 
passage built in the scarp for the purpose of Hanking the 
scarp'- 1 (skarp), M. [< ME. 'scarpe, also assibi- 
lated xharpe, < OF. escarpe, eskerpe, esquerpe, 
escharpe, escherpe, escMrpe, escrepe, escreipe, a 
purse, pouch, a purse-band or belt, a sling, a 
scarf, F. echarpe (> D. sjerp = Sw. skarp = G. 
scMrpe; cf. Dan. skjeerf, < E. scarf), a scart, 
= Sp Pg. charpa = Olt. scarpa, a purse, It. 
scinrpa, ciarpa, a scarf, belt, < OHG. scharpe = 
MD. sckarpe, scharpe, sclterpe = LG. schrap = 
Icel. skreppa = Sw. skrdppa ( > E. scrip), a pouch, 
pocket, scrip ; cf . AS. sceorp, a robe : see script, 
which is ult. a doublet of scarp?. Hence, by 
some confusion, scarf 2, the present form of the 
word. The name, applied to a pilgrim's pocket 
or pouch hung over the neck, came to be ap- 
plied to the band suspending^the pocket, and 
hence to a sash or scarf. See 
scar/2.] l t . A shoulder-belt pi- 
scarf: the word is found only in 
the Middle English form sharpe, 
and in the heraldic use (def. 2) : 
otherwise in the later form scarf. 
Seescar/2. 2. In/ier-.adiminu- 
tive of the bend sinister, having 
one half its breadth. 
scarpalogy (skar-pal'o-ji), n. See scarpology. 
Scarp. 
mercury is a typical example of it. A color more orange 
than red lead or as little orange as Chinese vermilion is 
not called scarlet. 
II I should not disclose to you that the vessels that im- 
mediately contain the tinging ingredients are to be made 
of or lined with tin, you would never be able . . . to bring 
your tincture of cochineal to dye a perfect scarlet. 
Boyle, Colors, iii. 
2. One of a group of coal-tar colors used for 
dyeing wool and silk, and to a certain extent 
for the manufacture of pigments. They are com- 
plex in composition, and belong to the oxy-azo group. 
They are acid colors and need no mordant, are quite fast 
to light, and have largely displaced cochineal in dyeing. 
They vary in shade from yellow through orange to scarlet, 
crimson, and brown. 
3. Cloth of a scarlet color; a scarlet robe or 
dress. 
One he henttis a bode of ncharlette fulle riche, 
A pavys pillione halt, that pighte was fulle faire 
With perry of the oryent, and precyous stones. 
.Morte Artlmre (E. E. T. S.), 1. 3400. 
IHill-K llll^a, CttVl* invivuin - - -" 
resemules a poisonous snake of the genus Llaps, but is 
quite harmless. See cm-al-snake. Scarlet tanager. See 
lananer. The scarlet woman, the woman referred to in 
Rev. xvii. 4, 5 : variously applied by commentators to pa- 
gan Rome, to papal Rome, and to the spirit of worldhness 
and evil in all its various forms. To dye Scarlett. See 
scarlet (skar'let), r. t. [< scarlet, a.] 1. To 
make scarlet or bright-red ; redden. [Rare.] 
The ashy paleness of my cheek 
Is scarleted in ruddy flakes of wrath. Ford. 
2. To clothe in scarlet. [Rare.] 
The idolatour, the tyraunt, and the whoremonger are no 
mete mynisters for hym, though they be never BO gorgy- 
ously mytered, coped, and typpeted, or never so finely 
forced, pylyoned, and scarletted. __ 
Bp.Baie,TheVocacion,155S(Harl.Misc.,VI.442). (Davtes.) 
scarlet-faced (skar'let-fast), a. Having a very 
red face : as, the scarlet-faced saki. 
SCarletseed (skar'let-sed), n. 1. A low West 
Indian tree, Teriistrcemia obovalis. 2. A fra- 
grant West Indian shrub or small tree, Ltetia 
Thamnia. 
scarlet-tiger (skar'let -ti'ger), . A British 
moth, Hyperocampa domiimla. 
scar-limestone (skar'lim"st6n), n. A thick 
mass of calcareous rock frequently crowded 
with marine fossils, especially crinoids, corals, 
brachiopods, and various mollusks, forming the 
middle division of the Carboniferous limestone 
series: so called by English geologists because 
it forms scars or cliffs: same as mountain lime- 
stone (which see, under limestone). Of these scars 
the High Tor in Derbyshire is an excellent example. This 
has an escarpment of about 200 feet of bare rock, the sum- 
mit rising to an elevation of 400 feet above the Derwent 
at its base. The scar-limestone is not the geological 
equivalent of the cliff-limestone of the western United 
States. Also called thick and main limestone. 
scarmaget, scarmoget, scarmisht, scarmycnt, 
n. Obsolete forms of skirmish. 
scam (skarn),w. Same as shorn. [North. Eng.] 
scarn-bee (skiirn'be), n. A dung-beetle, tum- 
blebug, or some other insect fond of scarn. 
[Local, Eng.] 
scaroid (ska'roid), a. and n. [< Scarus + -aid.] 
I. a. Resembling or pertaining to the genus 
Scarus; belonging to the Scaridse. 
II. w. A member of the Scaridss. 
scarp 1 (skarp), r. t. [By apheresis from escarp, 
D., < F. escarper, cut slopewise, scarp, OF. es- 
carpir, escJiarpir, cut off: see escarp, v.] Milit., 
to cut down (a slope), so as to render it im- 
passable. 
scarpaiogy v sliili p* 11 y~jvj '* w~. 2 .~~- yy - 
Scarpa's fascia. [Named from Antonio Scarpa, 
an Italian anatomist and surgeon (1747-lHd^).J 
The deeper layer of the superficial fascia of 
the abdomen, blending with the fascia lata im- 
mediately below Poupart's ligament, except in- 
ternally, where it is prolonged to the scrotum. 
It corresponds with the tunica abdommalis ot 
the horse or ox. 
Scarpa's fluid. Liquor Scarpse. See liquor. 
Scarpa's foramina. The anterior and posterior 
apertures of the anterior palatine canal in the 
bony palate. 
Scarpa's triangle. See triangle. 
scarped (skarpt),p. a. [<scarpl + -e<?2.] Steeply 
sloping, like the scarp of a fortification. 
The spring of the new year sees Spain invaded ; and re- 
doubts are carried, and passes and heights of the most 
scarped description. Carlyle, French Rev., III. v. 6. 
From scarped cliff and quarried stone 
She cries. Tennyson, In Memoriam, Ivi. 
scarph, . Same as scarf 1 . 
scarpines (skar'pinz), n. pi. [< F. escarpms, 
light shoes, pumps, also an instrument of tor- 
ture: see ehopine.] An instrument of torture 
resembling the boot, used by the Inquisition. 
Being twice racked, ... I was put to the scarpines, 
whereof I am, as you see, somewhat lame of one leg to 
this day. Kingsley, Westward Ho, vii. 
scarpology (skar-pol'o-ji), . [< .*scarpologie, 
< ML. scarpa (F. escarnin), a light shoe (see 
scarpines), + Gr. -Xoyfa, < M-yeiv, speak: see 
-ology.] See the quotation. Also scarpalogy. 
[Recent.] 
La Graphologie, a French journal, describes a new 
ithod of reading character, known as "scarpalogy. 
La 
me 
They had to open a direct passage through thickets, 
swamps, ncarped ravines, rocks, and streams, but the 
thought of going to the assistance of comrades who were 
in danger sustained the strength of that small band. 
Comte de Paris, Civil War in America (trans.), I. S25. 
scarp 1 (skarp), n. [Formerly also scarf; by 
apheresis from escarp, < F. escarpe = It. scarpa 
= Sp. Pg. esearpa, a scarp, slope: see escarp, 
KB& et. counterscarp.! 1. In fort., the interior 
talus or slope of the ditch, next the place at the 
meo o re , 
consists in a study of the heels and soles of shoes 
iscience, v ill. lox 
SCarreH, An obsolete spelling of scarf. 
scarre 2 t, An obsolete form of scare 1 . Mtnsheti. 
scarred (skard),^. a. [< scar 1 + -ed* .] Marked 
by scars; exhibiting scars ; specifically, m Dot., 
marked by the scars left by leaves, fruits, etc., 
that have i'allen off. 
SCarry 1 (skar'i), a. [< scorl + -,,1.] Pertain- 
ing to scars; having scars or marks ot okl 
wounds. 
SCarry 2 (skar'i), a. [< scarf + -y 1 .] Having 
scars, precipices, or bare patches. 
Verie deepe scarrie rockes. Harrison, Britaine, p. 93. 
scarst scarset, Obsolete spellings of scarce. 
scarslyt, scarselyt, adv. Obsolete spellings of 
Kcarcely. 
scart 1 (skart), . t. [A transposed form of 
scraft (like cart for crat, etc.) : see scrap.] To 
scratch; scrape. [Scotch.] 
And what use has my father for a whin bits of scarted 
paper [that is, covered with indifferent writing]? Scott. 
A three-legged stool is a thief-like bane-kame to scart 
ver ain head wi. 
E. B. Ramsay, Scottish Life and Character, p. 198. 
scart 1 (skart), n. [< scar ft, .] 1. A scratch; 
a slight wound on the skin. [Scotch.] 
Hout tout, man, I would never be making a hum-dud- 
geon about a scart on the pow. 
Scott, Guy Mannering, xxni. 
2. A dash or stroke, as of a pen or pencil 
[Scotch.] 
