Schwenkfeldian 
Schwenkfeldian (shwengk'fel-di-an), . 
SchwenkfcM (see Sclncenkfclder) 4- -/.] 
Schwenkfelder. 
5396 
science 
[< 
A 
Schwenkfeld left behind him a sect who were called sub- 
sequently by others Schwenk,feldiatw, but who called them- 
selves "Confessors of the Glory of Christ." 
Encyc. Brit., XXI. 463. 
schyttlet, schyttylt, . and a. Middle English 
forms of all ut tie. 
Sciadiaceae (si-ad-i-a'se-e), n. pi. [NL., < Sci- 
adinm + -acefe.~\ A family of fresh-water algee, 
taking its name from the genus Sciadium. 
Sciadium (si-a-di'um), . [NL. (A. Braun), < 
Gr. antddtov, OKidfietov, ail umbrella or sunshade, 
< OKia, shade, shadow.] A genus of fresh-water 
alga?, of the order Eremobiee and class Proto- 
coccoidese, typical of the family Scia/liaceee. 
Each cell-family is composed of n number of cylindrical 
cells, each of which is contracted at the base into a short 
slender stem by which they are united, causing the long 
cells to spread alx>ve. 
Sciadophyllum (si"a-do-nl'um), n. [NL. (P. 
and the ventrals thoracic and complete. In this sense it snateicorm), as S. militaris. The genus gives name to the 
has been used by almost all recent writers, (d) In Gun- Sciarirat, and is also called Molobrus 
ther's system it ^is the only family of the Acanthapteryyii SciarinS (si-a-ri'ne), . til. [XL., < Sciara + 
Kiemiformes. It is a large and important family of 150 ....,, -i A ormVn nf dintmnu tnunta nnmaH fr-nm 
species of about 30 genera ; many reach a large size, and "'."'' ' J A B rou P ol uipterous insects named ironi 
nearly all are valued food-fishes. They are carnivorous, " genus fScMTO. Zetterttedt, 1842. 
and most of them make a noise variously called troakimj, SCiaSCOpy (si-as'ko-pi), . Same as skiascopii. 
gninim,*>wn,w,*nd drumming The air-bladderlsgener- gciath, II. [Ir. xciftili, a shield, buckler, twig bas- 
ally complicated, and supposed to be concerned in the pro- i *;, i-ij i 11 
duction of the noise. Hence various names of these fishes, Kei, wing, nn, = liaei. sgiatli, a sliield, buckler, 
ascroalrers,irruiitfrsor!/ruiitg,drmm,rucadors,etc. With 
few exceptions, the members of this family are salt-water 
fishes, and they are widely distributed in tropical, warm, 
and temperate seas. Two species are British, the maigre, 
Scieena (Pseudosciaena) ayuila, and the bearded uinbrina, 
shelter, wing, fin, = \V. ywjiryd, a shield, target; 
cf. L. scutum, a shield: BMMMfel.] An oljloug 
bulged shield of wickerwork covered with hide, 
formerly used in Ireland. JUncyc. Brit.,\IlI.'257. 
, , 
tfmbrina cimaa. Many are American, as the fresh-water SCiatneriC (si-a-ther ik), a. and )(. [Cf. L. sci- 
drum, croaker, sheepshead, or thunder-pumper, Haplodi- 
nottis gmnniens ; the drum, Pogonias chrvmis ; redttshand 
roncadors of the genera Sciiena, Scixnops, and Roncador; 
the spot or lafayette, Liogttnnug itbliqiiw ; a kind of croaker, 
Micropogon undulatus; roncadora of the genus Umbrina ; 
kingflsh of the genus Menticirrus; queenfish of the genus 
Seriphus; weakflsh, sea-trout, or squeteagues of the genus 
Cynoscion (formerly Otolithrts). The family is divisible 
into the subfamilies Scutnina, Ololithinee, Liostominx, 
and IIaplodinotin. Also Scitcnmdea. See cute under 
Browne, 1756), so called' with ref. to the use of cr ! Ml < er ' dn . redfish roncador, Scixua,*nA weakfiih. 
the leaves as a sunshade; < Gr. ovadf (oKtaA.), a SCiaeniionn (si-en i-torm), a. [< NL. Scuena + 
L. forma, form.] 
a tin' f icon, also scia thcrum, a sun-dial ; < MGr. mi- 
attqpiKof, pertaining to a sun-dial, iieut. aKtatiiipi- 
KOV, a sun-dial, < Gr. oniafoipw, also aKta6f/paf, a 
sun-dial, < mid, shade, shadow, + fhjpav, chase, 
catch.] I. a. Of or pertaining to a sun-dial. 
Also called uriiitlii-riv Sciatheric telescope, an 
instrument consisting of a horizontal dial with a telescope 
adjusted to it, for determining the time, whether of day or 
night, by means of shadows. 
II. a. The art of dialing. 
Having the" form of, or re- SCiatherical (si-a-ther'i-kal), . [< sciatlieric 
+ -a/.] Same as sciathcric. 
shade, canopy (< amd, shade), + jbMav. leaf.] 
division of the order Acantkopteryyii 
+ -ui.] A subfamily ot'Seieenidte, contrasted 
Otoliiliinee, having about 10 abdominal and 
with distinct styles. The fruit consists of fleshy drupes 
with a hard compressed stone. There are about 25 species, 
all natives of tropical America. They are trees or shrubs, 
usually with radiately compound leaves and entire leaflets, 
and often with elongated stipules. Their flowers are borne 
SSSSp^far ta te2rS^^lSrS!i'JS U ^ V*** 1 **, ** hypoph^^ 
called angelica tree, see galapee-tree ; for & capitatmn and three pairs of epipharyngeals, and includ- 
(Hcdera multijlora), also known as candleicood, see broad- ing most of the family, 
cies' s ( Jac"i/i l i"afso 6 "'r"("' *b th ' rd West I " dia " 8pe " scisnoid (si-e'noid), a. and n. 
ineelliptl'c^'ie 1 aves?udhUe a berr^'l > a th^rekn^wiTu ""?-] ! ? Related or belongi 
with i 
"ilolly'sureetwood. ' anidte ; sciaMiiform. 
Sciadopitys (si-a-dop'i-tis), . [NL., < Gr. roadf n. n. A member of the Scixniformeg or Sci- 
(-a<!-), a shade, canopy, + mrvf, a pine-tree : see senidse. 
pine 1 .} A genus of coniferous trees, of the tribe Sciaenoidese (si-e-noi'de-e), n. pi. [NL., < Sci- 
Il(((etoeand8ubtribe Tajcodinse, distinguished tena + -aidex.] Same as Scixnidee. 
shade, 
geometrical 
~ a build- 
Pr. sciatic = Sp. cidtico = Pg. It. sciatico, < ML. 
sciaticiis, a corrupt form of L. igcJiiadicus, < Gr. 
'iaxiaiin6(, subject to pains in the loins, < ioxidf 
(\oxia6-), pain in the loins, < i0;fn<, tho socket 
in which the thigh-bone turns : see iscJiiadic, is- 
chiatic, iscliiuiH.] I. a. 1. Pertaining to, con- 
nected with, or issuing from the hip; ischiac, 
ischiadic, or ischiatic: as, the sciatic nerve, ar- 
mature. The only species, S. (sometimes Taxw) terti- 
cillata, is a native of Japan, known in cultivation as um- 
brella-pine and parasol-fir. It is a tall evergreen tree, 
bearing as its true leaves minute scales, and as apparent 
leaves, rigid linear phyllodia. resembling pine-needles, 
which are produced yearly in small radiating and long- 
persistent tufts. The hard, thick cones, about 3 inches 
long, consist of numerous closely imbricated rounded 
woody scales which finally gape apart as in the pine, 
ing, showing its interior structure or arrange- 
ment. 
about the hip, especially the sciatic nerve ; af- 
fected with or suffering from sciatica Sciatic 
artery, the larger of the terminal branches of the anterior 
trunk of the internal iliac, distributed to the muscles of 
the back part of the pelvis after passing through the great 
sacrosciatic foramen. Sciatic loramen. Same as tacro- 
sciatic foramen (which see, under tacrosciatic). Sciatic 
hernia, a rare hernia through the Eacrosciatic foramen, 
below the pyriformis muscle. Sciatic nerves, two divi- 
sions of the sacral plexus, the great and the small. The 
great sciatic, the largest nerve in the body, issues from 
the pelvis through the great sciatic foramen, and descends 
vertically behind the thigh to about the middle, where It 
. sciagraphy. 
Apollodorus of Athens, the idagrapher, was the first who 
directed a deeper study to the gradations of light and 
shade. C. O. Matter, Manual of Archaol. (trans.X 136. 
auth 
bones distinct, the lower jaw without barbels, the anal 
spines two, and well-developed teeth persistent in both 
SCiagrapher (si-ag'ra-fer), . [< sciagraph-y + dMdes f nto the lnternai'' P oplitearand"the"Mroneif It 
-er J .J One skilled in sciagraphy. gives branches to the hip-joint and to the muscles of the 
postfemoral group. The small sciatic arises by two roots 
from the second and third sacral nerves, and receives also 
a descending branch of the inferior gluteal nerve. This 
is a posterior cutaneous nerve, which issues with the 
great sciatic, and is distributed to the buttock, perineum, 
back of the thigh, and upper and back part of the leg. 
Sciatic notch. See notch, and cut under innominatum. 
Sciatic region, the region of the hip. Sciatic spine 
the spine of the ischium. Sciatic veins, the vena co- 
mites of the sciatic arteries, emptying into the internal 
iliac vein. 
II. w. 1. A sciatic part or organ; especially, 
a sciatic nerve. 2. pi. Sciatica. 
Kack'd with tciaties, martyr'd with the stone. 
-"-J 'm.avll llllnllj _ ( l(,v. iljl.lll {to J|| me UII1C, . . . _ . 
discharging the flattened and broadly winged seeds. It SCiagrapniC (si-a-graf ik), a. [< Gr. OKtaypaifiiKdf, 
is a tree of slow growth, with compact white wood, and < amaypafoa, painting in light and shadow : see 
< Gr. CK.ia.iva, a sea-fish, the maigre, < aiad, shade! 
In a 
i manner. 
/ (si-ag'ra-fi), n. [< NL. sdagraphia 
(the title of a book by F. Buthner, 1650), < Gr. 
Maigr. 
art of delineating shadows correctly in draw- P r P- adj., fern, of sciaticas, of the hips: see 
ing; the art of sketching objects with correct ****] P* 1 * 11 an< * tenderness in a sciatic 
shading. 2. In arch., a geometrical profile or nerve, its branches and peripheral distribu- 
section of a building to exhibit its interior tion. It is properly restricted to cases in which the trou- 
structure; a sciagraph. 3. In astron., the art Me ' essentially neural, and is not due to extraneous dis- 
of finding tlio lim /5 tko ease, as to pelvic neoplasms or the like. It appears to be 
idmg the hour of the day or night by the usually a neuritis of the sciatic, though some, probably 
shadows of objects caused by the sun, moon, rare, cases may be strictly neuralgic. The neuritis may be 
or stars; the art of dialing. produced by gout, cold, or other causes. Also called ma- 
A1 -- ------ - ^ turn Cotunnii. 
Sir, he has born the name of a Netherland Souldier, till 
he ran away from his Colours, and was taken lame with 
lying in the Fields by a Sciatica : I mean, Sir, the Strapado. 
Brome, Jovial Crew, i. 
^ 
value. The fish to which the classic name scixna was BClamachy (sl-am'a-ki), . [Also sciomaciiy ; 
given is the maigre, S. aquila. S. (Seixnops) oceUata is the ' " r - OKtafiaxia, later aKio/iaxia, fighting in the 
redflsh, red-horse red-bass, or channel-bass, which occurs shade, i. e. practising in the school, a mock- 
i*aflttSMSM ^t,> r ^,figh g t in the shade i.e.exer- 
lus on each side of the tail (see cut .under redfish). S.(Rhi- ls , e ln tne school, < aiua, shade, + paxecrOcu, ------ -------- ,-,,- --- 
noscion) saturna is the red roncador of the same country nght.] A fighting with a shadow ; afutilecom- dytuft), reputed remedies for sciatica. 
See also cut under ronmdor. bat with an imaginary enemy. Also sciomaehi,. sciatical (si-at'i-kal), a. [< sciatic 
cia -'- 
. 
bciaemdas (si-en'i-de), . pi. [NL., < Sciiena + [Rare ] 
Unified bv t f h? 22MSi?2iJ!S 
3 genus bcixna, to which different 
snave been ascribed. 
Sciatica cresst, a name of one or two cruciferous plants 
either of the genus Lepidium (peppergrass) or Iberis (can- 
Of 
To avoid tUssciomaehu, orirnaginary combat with words, 
let me know, sir, what you mean by the name of tyrant. 
Coitley, Government of Oliver Cromwell. 
or pertaining to a sciatic nerve; affected with 
sciatica. 
A sciatical old nun, who might have been set up for ever 
by the hot baths of Bourbon. 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, vii. 21. 
[< Gr. amd, shade, 
a, < /urpelv, measure.] The doctrine SCiatlcally (si-at i-kal-i), adv 
With or by 
the preoperculum serrated and spines to the operculum 
tho Knnwi itf H.f, ....,.:.. l t ~ j*~ x. ... MMI, 
elongate or oblong), the anal short or moderate with not 
more than two spines, the pectorals with branched rays, 
""^ *"* v.u. xnc litl *tc (Jl S-U1I1C 'j 1 1J * r A \ 
are aquatic; others are found under bark in dense patches, scicntia, science, knowledge, < scten(t-)s, ppr. 
and when ready to pupate migrate in solid columns (see of wire, know: see scictit.} 1. Knowledge; 
