science 
comprehension or understanding of facts or 
principles. 
For God seith hit hym-self "shal neuere good appel 
Thorw no sotel science on sour stock growe." 
Piers Plowman (0), xi. 207. 
Mercuric loveth wysdam and science, 
And Venus loveth ryot and dispence. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Wife of Bath's Tale, 1. 699. 
As rose is aboue al flourcs most flue, 
So is science most digue of worthynesse. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), Int., 1. 107. 
His reputation was early spread throughout Europe, on 
account of his general science. Ticknor, Span. Lit., I. 33. 
Absolute beginnings are beyond the pale of science. 
J. Ward, Encyc. Brit., XX. 45. 
2. Knowledge gained by systematic observa- 
tion, experiment, and reasoning; knowledge 
coordinated, arranged, and systematized; also, 
5397 
Scilla 
This very deuice [ferro et flamma] ... a certalne base 2. Of or pertaining to, treating of, or used in 
the prosecution of truth as thus known, both in Lucrative science, a science cultivatec 
the abstract and as a historical development. living, ^^j^g*^* 
Since all phenomena which have been sufficiently ex- 
amined are found to take place with regularity, each hav- 
ing certain fixed conditions, positive and negative, on the 
occurrence of which it invariably happens, mankind have 
been able to ascertain . . . the conditions of the occur- 
rence of many phenomena; and the progress of science 
mainly consists in ascertaining these conditions. 
J . S. Mill. 
Science is nothing but the finding of analogy, identity 
in the most remote parts. Emerson, Misc., p. 75. 
In science you must not talk before you know. In art 
you must not talk before you do. In literature you must 
not talk before you think. . . . Science. The knowledge 
of things, whether Ideal or Substantial. Art. The modi- 
fication of Substantial things by our Substantial Power. 
Literature. The modification of Ideal things by our Ideal 
Power. Ruskin, The Eagle's Nest (1872), 3. 
The work of the true man of Science is a perpetual striv- 
ing after a better and closer knowledge of the planet on 
which his lot is cast, and of the universe in the vastness 
of which that planet is lost. 
J. If. Lockyer, Spec. Anal., p. 1. 
man of England being knowen euen at that time a brick' 
layer or mason by his science gaue for his crest. 
Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 119. 
Absolute science, knowledge of things in themselves. 
Active science. Same as practical science. Applied 
science, a science when its laws are employed and ex- 
emplified in dealing with concrete phenomena, as op- 
posed to pure science, as mathematics, when it treats of 
laws or general statements apart from particular instances. 
The term pure science is also applied to a science built on 
self-evident truths, and thus comprehends mathematical 
science, as opposed to natural or physical science, which 
rests on observation and experiment. Articulation of 
a science. See articulation.-- Direct science, a science 
conversant with objects, as contradistinguished from one 
conversant with the modes of knowing objects. Dispu- 
tative science, eristic science, logic. Historical sci- 
ence, a science whose function it is to record facts, or 
events that have actually occurred. Inductive science. 
See inductive. Liberal science, a science cultivated 
from love of knowledge, and not as a means of livelihood. 
' ited as a means of 
Material sci- 
F e science of all 
mental phenomena, or, in a narrower sense, the same as 
moral philosophy or ethics. Natural science. See nat- 
ural. Occult sciences. See occult. Physical science. 
See applied science, above. Political, real, reflex, san- 
itary science. See the adjectives. Practical science, 
a science which teaches how to do something useful. 
Professional science. Same ^lucrative science. Sim- 
ple science. Same as direct science. Speculative sci- 
ence, a science which merely satisfies scientific curiosi- 
ty. The dismal science, political economy. [Humor- 
ous.] The exact sciences, the mathematical sciences. 
The gay sciencet. See </aj/i. The science, the art 
of boxing ; pugilism. [Slang.] 
science: as, scientific works; scientific instru- 
ments; scientific nomenclature. 
Voyages and travels, when not obscured by scientific ob- 
servations, are always delightful to youthful curiosity. 
V. Knox, Essays, xiv. (Richardson.) 
3. Versed in science ; guided by the principles 
of science, and not by empiricism or mere quack- 
ery; hence, learned; skilful: as, a scientific phy- 
sician. 
BoBsuet is as scientific in the structure of his sentences. 
Landor. 
4. According to the rules or principles of 
science; hence, systematic; accurate; nice: 
as, a scientific arrangement of fossils. 
Such cool, judicious, scientific atrocity seemed rather to 
belong to a fiend than to the most depraved of men. 
Macaulay, Machiavelli. 
The scientific treatment of the facts of consciousness can 
never be, to any satisfactory extent, accomplished by in- 
trospection alone. 
O. T. Laid, Physiol. Psychology, Int., p. 10. 
Literary and Scientific Institutions Act. See insti- 
tution. Scientific experience, relatively complete ex- 
perience about any class of objects, obtained by system- 
atic research. Scientific knowledge, knowledge of the 
causes, conditions, and general characters of classes of 
things. 
Scientific knowledge, even in the most modest persons, 
has mingled with it a something which partakes of inso- 
lence. 0. W. Holmes, Autocrat, iii. 
Scientific logic, logic properly speaking ; the knowledge 
of the theory of reasoning and of thinking in general, as 
opposed to natural skill and subtlety. Scientific meth- 
od. See method. Scientific psychology. Seepsychol- 
ogy. 
The seven liberal sciences*, grammar, logic, and rhet- scientificalt (si-en-tif'i-kal), a. [< scientific + 
oric, constituting the ' trivium," with arithmetic, music. -<j/.] Same as scientific. 
geometry, and astronomy, constituting the -quadrivium.' 8 peculative and scientificallest Men, both in 
Also called the seven arts. Germany and Italy, seem to adhere to it [the idea that the 
The two Apollinarii were fain, as a man may say, to moon ) 8 inhabited]. Howell, Letters, iii. 9. 
coin all the seven liberal sciences out of the Bible philosophy . . . proceeding from settled prin. 
.ton, Ar -lea, | 11. dp](j9> the ^ ejn , J xpe cted a satisfaction from scienlijical 
i 
Up to that time he had never been aware that he had 
the least notion of the science. Dukens, Pickwick, xlix. 
3. Knowledge regarding any special group of 
as, the science of botany, of astronomy, of ety- 
mology, of metaphysics ; mental science; physi- 
cal science; in a narrow sense, one of the physi- Scienoldes, n. pi. See Scixnidse. 
/iol oft\^t-\ftctQ a a (liat.iii rmi}l*H 'fvOTTl TY1 Jl T.lt fiTYl HT,- r, A A 4- /*-,;'.-i*\ ft f~/ T. .-,.,"/ i, , i 
Of mad philosophy. 
P- Francis, tr. of Horace's Odes, 1 
The systems of natural philosophy that have obtained 
are to be read more to know the hypotheses than with 
hopes to gain there a comprehensive, scientifical, and sat- 
tine manner ; according to the rules or pnnci 
From the L. seire are also ult. 
the theory of probabilities, etc., (V) mathematical phi/xlcx, 
as analytical mechanics, etc., and (c) mathematical psychics, 
having two branches (1) pure mathematics, where the E. science, sciolixt, sciolous, etc., conscience, COM- pies of science, 
suppositions are arbitrary, and (2) applied inatheinalKS, scioug i nsc i en t nescien t, prescien t, insdence, nes- It is easier to believe than to be scientifically instructed, 
where the hypotheses are simplifications of real facts- nnxsipuff nilirifitimi* the second ele- iocie, Human Understanding, 
and branching again into (a) mathematical philosophy, as Cience, ptesctence, adSCiimous, tne S 
s..^.^_ _.. n* .1 ,.;~, ~i,.:~:. ment of plebiscite, etc.] Skilful; knowing, scientism (si en-tizm), w. [< scient (see seten- 
[Rare.] Imp. Diet. tint) + -ini.~\ " The views, tendency, or prac- 
scienter (sl-eu'ter), adr. [L., knowingly, in- tice of scientists. [Recent.] 
cienceVhichbothln reason andln i history p'recedea sue- tentionally, < Sden(t-)s, knowing, intending: Mr. Harrison's earnest and eloquent plea against ... 
the exclusive scifntism which, because it cannot find 
tain entities along its line of investigation, asserts 
dly that they are either non-existent or " unknowable," 
</e, l t,nuu,i .. ,_, ..,. - , - , - - .= jtrong. Nineteenth Century. (Imp. Diet.) 
determination of physical science or knowledge; producing or productive ... . ,-, H n r( , . 
e different kinds of matter of knowledge. Scientist (si en-tist), n. |.S '>. ^ 
anches (1 
,.^ (D) Chemistry, th< 
constants, and the study of the _ 
in which these constants differ. (K) Biology, the study 
of a peculiar class of substances, the protoplasms, and of 
the kinds of organisms into which they grow. (F) Sciences 
of organizations of organisms, embracing (1) physiology, 
the science of the working of physical structures of or- 
gans, and (2) socioloinj, the science of psychical unions, 
especially modes of human society, including ethics, lin- 
guistics, politics, etc. (O) Descriptions and explanations 
of individual objects or collections, divided into (1) cos- 
mology, embracing astronomy, geognosy, etc., and (2) ac- 
counts of human matters, as statistics, history, biography, 
etc. 
A 
fres, 
ences. 
of knowledge. 
His light sciential is, and, past mere nature, 
Can salve the rude defects of every creature. 
B. Jonson, Masque of Blackness. 
Those sciential rules which are the implements of In- 
struction. Milton, Tetrachordon. 
2. Skilful; knowing; characterized by accu- of science; a savant. 
this word, and in scientism, scientician, the base 
is formally scient as given, but it is practically 
scient-, the base of L. scientia, science ; scientist 
being equiv. to "scientist, < science + -is/.] A 
person versed in or devoted to science ; a man 
As we cannot use physician for a cultivator of physics, 
I have called him a physicist. We need very much a 
name to describe a cultivator of science in general. I 
should incline to call him a Scientist. 
,__.__ . . Whewell, Philos. Inductive Sciences (ed. 1840), 
At o syde of the Emperours Table sitten many Philoso- Keats, Lamia, 1. 192. [I., Aphorisms, p. cxiii. 
es, that ben preved for wise mm^ln^miir^dyvene &y- gcientician ( g i_ en -tish ' an), . [< scient (see scientistic (si-en-tis'tik), a. [< scientist + -ic.] 
scientist) + -idem,] A scientist; a person de- Making pretensions to scientific method, but 
voted to science. [Recent.] 
The reason why scienticians have neglected to investi- 
rate knowledge based on observation and in- 
ference. 
Not one hour old. yet of sciential brain 
To unperplex bliss from its neighbor pain. 
Keats, Lamia, 1. 192. 
[< scient (see scientistic (si-en-tis'tik), a. 
To instruct her fully in those sciences, 
Whereof I know she is not ignorant. 
Shak.,'i'. of the S., ii. 1. 67. 
A science is an aggregate of knowledge whose particu- 
lar items are more closely related to one another in the 
way of kinship than to any other collective mass of par- 
ticulars. A. Bain, Mind, XIII. 527 
4. Art derived from precepts or based on prin 
ciples ; skill resulting from training ; special, 
exceptional, or preeminent skill. 
gate the laws of the currents thoroughly, and to discover 
the truth concerning them, is that they have not re- 
garded them aa of much importance. Science, V. 142. 
Bain ' Mind ' xm ' ~ 627 ' scientific (si-en-tif'ik), a. [< OF. (and F.) sei- 
tfl or bfl.aed on Di'in- . <i* n^a^ti-fi/.^ "D/* Tt O/VM /*!/>/ 
really not in the right. 
The scientistic haranguer is indebted to the religion he 
attacks for the reckless notoriety he attains. 
D. D. n'hedon, quoted in N. Y. Independent, June 19, 1879. 
Scientistic denotes the method of one-sided scientists. 
Cams, Fundamental Problems (trans.) (1889), p. 33. 
~elii7fique ' = gp. cientifico = Pg. It scimtifico, scientolism (si-en'to-lizm), n. [< scient + dim. 
< NL. 'scientificus, pertaining to science, lit. -ol + -ism ; after sciolism.'] False science ; su- 
'making scient or knowing,' < L. scien(t-)s, ppr. perficial or inaccurate knowledge. Fallows. 
Nothing but his science, coolness, and great strength in o f scire, know, + -ficus, < facere, make: see sci. fa. An abbreviation of scire facias. 
the saddle could often have saved him from some terrible sc fe^ an( j .fi c _ The word is now used instead sell. An abbreviation of scilicet. 
Lawrence, Guy Livii me, v. of gcfcn tfaJ, the proper adj. from science.] 1. scilicet (sil'i-set), orff. [L., a contraction of 
Concerned with the acquisition of accurate and scire licet, lit. 'it is permitted to know' (like 
systematic knowledge of principles by obser- the AS. hit i.t /<< irittinne, 'it is to wit'): scire, 
Kerkyon 
killed all those who wrestled with him, 
iseus; but Theseus wrestled with him by 
a), and so overcame him ; and before 
skill and sctinc0(rootaL ana ao overcame mm: Bnaoexora -v;- -- r-~- *;--.-' . . .. . ,' . ... ,- ,.,, 
the time of Theseus size and strength only were employed vation and deduction : as, scien tific i nvestiga- know (see scien t) ; licet, it is permitted or pos 
for wrestling. 
Pausanias (trans,), quoted in Harrison and Verrall, 
[Ancient Athens, p. cv. 
5f. Trade ; occupation. 
The more laboursome sciences be committed to the men. 
For the most part, every man is brought up in his father's 
craft. Sir T. More, Utopia (tr. by Robinson), ii. 4. 
sible : see license. Cf. videlicet.'} To wit; videli- 
No man who first trafficks into a foreign country has cet ; namely. Abbreviated sett, or sc. 
any scientifick evidence that there is such a country but Scilla (sil'a), n. [NL. (Linnasus, 1737, then m- 
by report, which can produce no more than a moral c l u ding the squill, I'rt/inea Scilla), < L. seilla, 
certainty: that is, a very high probability, and such as ?/ " < Q in , ', ax i mf ) a squill, sea- 
there can be no reason to except against. (/(, \ v* ""'"'.i" ^r*"."^ 
South. (Johnson.) onion: see quill.] 1. A genus ot liliaceous 
