scot 
goods); thanne he becomth . . . thyef; and thanne me 
hinc (him] anhongeth. This is thet scot: thet me ofte 
paytll. Ayenbite of Inictjt (E. E. T. S.X p. 51. 
Specifically 2. In old law, a portion of money 
assessed or paid; a customary tax or contribu- 
tion laid on subjects according to their ability; 
also, a tax or custom paid for the use of a 
sheriff or bailiff. Scot and lot. [ME. scot and lot, 
scotte and lotte, AS. scot and Uot (cited as hlot el scot in 
the Latin Laws of William the Conqueror) ; MD. schot ende 
lot; a riming formula, lit. 'contribution and share,' the 
words, as in other riming formulas, being not very defi- 
nitely discriminated.] Parish or borough rates or taxes 
assessed according to the ability of the person taxed : 
hence, to pay scot and lot is to pay one's share of the rates 
or taxes. Scot implies a contribution toward some object 
to which others contributed equally ; Jot, the privilege and 
liability thereby incurred. Sometimes in the older writ- 
ers /"/ and scot. 
And that alle and euery man in y for sayd fraunchee 
beyng, and the fraunches and fre custumes of the same 
cyte wyllyng to reioyse, be in lotte and scott and partiners 
of alle maner charges for the state of the same francheis. 
. . . And y l all and euery man of the fraunches of > same 
cite being, and w'out y aayd cite dwellyng and haunten 
her marchaundices in y same cite, that they be in scotte 
and lotte W our comonars of ye same citee or ellis y' they 
lese her fraunches. 
Charter of London (Rich. II.), in Arnold's Chron., p. 25. 
I shalbe redy at scott and lotte, and all my duties truly 
pay and doo. English Gilds (E. E. T. 8.), p. 189. 
I have paid scot and lot there any time this eighteen 
years. /;. Jonson, Every Man In his Humour, ill. 3. 
scot 2 (skot), r. i. ; pret. and pp. scotted, ppr. 
scottinq. [= OF. escoter, < ML. 'scotare, scottare ; 
from the noun.] To pay scot. Jamieson. 
Scot. An abbreviation of Scotland, Scotch, or 
Scottish. 
scotalt, " See scotale. 
scotalet (skot'al), w. [Also scotal (ML. reflex 
scotala, scotale, scotalium, scotallum) ; < scot 2 + 
ale.] In law, the keeping of an ale-house within 
a forest by an officer of the forest, and drawing 
people (who fear to incur his displeasure) to 
spend their money there. 
Part of the immunity which the outlaws enjoyed was no 
doubt owing to the connivance of the officers of the for- 
est, who levied forced contributions from them, and com- 
pelled all who feared their displeasure to drink at ale- 
houses which they kept, this extortionate practice being 
known as Scothala or Scotteshale. These exactions were 
curbed by the Statute of Fines Levied (27 Ed. I., A. D. 1299), 
which enacted that, "No Forester or Bedel from hence- 
forth shall make Scotal, or gather garb, or oats, or any 
corn, lamb, or pig, nor shall make any (gathering but) by 
the sight and upon the (view) of the twelve Bangers, when 
they shall make their (range)." 
RMon-Turner, Vagrants and Vagrancy, p. 31. 
Scotch 1 (skoch), a. and . [Also (Sc.) Scots (= 
D. Scliots) ; a contr. of Scottish : see Scottish.] 
I. a. Same as Scottish. (The form Scotch, usual in 
England and the United States, is little used in Scotland, 
where either Scottish or Scott prevails, and where the pref- 
erence for Scotsman instead of Scotchman is still more de- 
cided. ] Scotch asphodel. See Tojieldia. Scotch at- 
torneys. See attorney!. Scotch barley. See barleyl. 
Scotch bluebell, or bluebell of Scotland, See bluebell (a) 
and Campanula. Scotch bonnets, the fairy-ring mush- 
room, Marasmius oreades. Scotch broom, an Aiueri- 
*can designation of the common broom, Cytisus scopari- 
us. Scotch cambric, a fine cotton textile, sometimes 
white, and sometimes printed, used especially for women's 
dresses. Scotch camomile. See camomile. Scotch 
cap. See bonnet, 1. Scotch carpet. See carpet. 
Scotch catch or snap, in music, the rhythmic figure 
usually represented by p"l that is, the division of a 
beat into a short part under the accent followed by a long 
part; the reverse of the common division, in which the 
dotted note precedes. So called because frequently oc- 
curring in Scotch songs and dances. It is characteristic 
of the strathspey. Scotch curlies, a variety of kale, so 
called from its curled leaves. Scotch dipper or duck. 
See ducks. Scotch douche, a douche of hot water, be- 
ginning at a temperature of 40 C., increased gradually to 
45-60 C., and immediately followed by cold water ; more 
generally, a succession of alternate hot and cold douches. 
Scotch dumpling, elm, fiddle. See the nouns. 
Scotch fir. Same as Scotch pine. Scotch furnace, a 
simple form of ore-hearth used in smelting lead ores. 
Scotch gambit. See gambit. Scotch grass. Same as 
Pardgrass. [West Indies.] Scotch hearth, a small ore- 
hearth or furnace used in Scotland and the north of Eng- 
land for smelting lead ore. The hearth-bottom and all 
the parts adjacent to it are of cast-iron. It is very simi- 
lar to the ore-hearth in general use for the same purpose 
in the Mississippi valley. See ore-hearth. Scotch heath 
or heather, most properly, Erica cinerea (see heath, 2) ; 
also [U. S.], the common heather, Calluna mdaaris. 
Scotch Jewelry, lovage, "marriage, mist, nightin- 
gale. See the nouns. Scotch kale, a variety of kale 
with light-green lobed leaves which are much curled and 
crinkled on the margins ; green borecole. Scotch peb- 
ble, a semi-precious stone of a kind found in Scotland, and 
used in inexpensive jewelry, the mounting of weapons, 
and the like : the name is especially given to varieties of 
agate and jasper. Compare cairngorm. Scotch pine, 
primrose, rose, saw-fly, scale. See the nouns. 
Scotch ptarmigan, the common red game of Great 
Britain, Layopu* scoticm. Scotch snap. Same ta Scotch 
catch. Scotch spur, stone, thistle, turbine, etc. See 
the nouns. Scotch teal. Same as Scotch dipper or duck. 
II. a. 1. Collectively, the people of Scotland. 
Also Scots, as plural of Scot. 2. The dialect or 
5412 
dialects of English spoken l>y the peopleof Scot- 
land. Also Scots. 3. Scotch whisky. [Collocj.] 
scotch 2 (skoch), r. t. [A contraction, perhaps 
due in part to association with the unrelated 
scutch, of early mod. E. xcortch, whirli stands 
for "scartch, a transposed form of xcrnli-li, a.s 
xfiirt is a transposed form of scrat, the orig. 
source of scratch: see scratch, scrat 1 , scart.] 
1. To scratch; score or mark with slight inci- 
sions; notch; hack. See scoMiimi. 
Afore thy meat, nor afterward, 
With knyfe scortche not the Boorde. 
Bailees Book (E. E. T. 8.), p. 80. 
He scotched him and notched him like a carbonado. 
Shot., Cor., iv. 5. 197. 
Hence 2. To wound slightly. 
We have scotch'd the snake, not kill'd it 
Shot., Macbeth, Hi. 2. 13. 
3. To dock; fine; amerce. [Prov. Eng.] 
Scotched collops, in cookery, a dish consisting of beef cut 
or minced into small pieces, and stewed with butter, flour, 
salt, pepper, and a finely sliced onion. Also erroneously 
scotch-coUops. 
A cook perhaps has mighty things profess'd, 
Then sent up but two dishes nicely dress'd ; 
What signify scotcht-collops to a feast? 
W. King, Art of Cookery, 1. 21. 
scotch 2 (skoch), . [< scotch 2 , v .] 1. A slight 
cut or shallow incision ; a scratch ; a notch. 
I have yet 
Boom for six scotches more. 
Shall., A. and C., iv. 7. 10. 
Give him [a chub] three or four cuts or scutches on the 
back with your knife, and broil him on charcoal. 
1. Walton, Complete Angler, p. 67. 
2. A line drawn on the ground, as in hop-scotch. 
Out Of all BCOtcht, excessively. HattmtU. 
scotch 3 (skoch), n. [An irreg. extension of 
scote (due to confusion with scotch 2 ).] 1. A 
prop or strut placed behind or before a wheel, 
to prevent its moving, or placed under a log to 
prevent it from rolling. 
Some bits of old rails lying near might have been used 
as scotches, but no one thought of this. 
The Engineer, LXVIII. 41S. 
2. In vcett-boring, a slotted bar used to hold up 
the rod and tools while a section is being at- 
tached or detached from above. 
scotch 3 (skoch), r. [< scotch^, n.] I. trans. 
To prop or block, as the wheel of a coach or 
wagon, with a stone or other obstacle; hence, 
to put on the brake or drag to. 
Stop, dear nature, these incessant advances of thine ; let 
us ncittch these ever-rolling wheels. 
Emerson, New England Reformers. 
H.t intrans. To hold back. 
For when they come to giving unto holie and necessarie 
uses, then they will sticke at a pennte, and scotch at a 
groat, and every thing is too much. 
Dent's Pathway, p. 74. (HaUiweU.) 
Scotch-amulet (skoch'am'u-let), n. A British 
geometrid moth, Dasydia obfuscata. 
Scotch-and-English (skoch'and-ing'glish), n. 
The boys' game of prisoner's base as played in 
Great Britain : so called in the north of Eng- 
land, probably in allusion to the old border 
wars. 
Scotch-cap (skoeh'kap), n. The wild black 
raspberry. [TJ. S.] 
scotch-collops. See scotched collops, under 
scotch 2 . 
scotch-hop (skoch'hop), n. Same as hop-scotch. 
Clarke, Phraseologia Puerilis (1655), p. 322. 
(Halliwell.) 
scotching (skoch'ing), n. [Verbal n. of scotch 2 , 
v] In masonry, a method of dressing stone 
either with a pick or with pick-shaped chisels 
inserted into a socket formed in the head of a 
hammer. Also scutching. 
Scotchman 1 (skoch ' man), n. ; pi. Scotchmen 
(-men). [Also Scotsman (see Scotch 1 , a.) ; early 
mod. E. Scotchcman; < Scotch 1 + man.] A na- 
tive of Scotland; a Scotsman. 
Scotchman 2 (skoch 'man), n. ; pi. Scotchmen 
(-men). [< scotch 2 + man."\ Naut., a wrap- 
ping of stiff canvas or a piece of wood or metal 
fitted to a shroud or any other standing rigging, 
to save it from being chafed. 
At sea there is generally an ugly chafe between the 
lower and the futtock shrouds, to prevent which good 
iron Scotchmen should be seized to the former. 
Luce, Seamanship, p. 118, note. 
scote (skot), n. [Also scoat; prob. < OF. escot, 
F. ecot, a branch or stump of a tree, F. dial. 
ascot, a prop, < OHG. scuz, a shoot, MHG. 
schuz, G. Kcliuss, a shot: see shot 1 .] A prop. 
[Prov; Eng.] 
SCOte (skot), v. t. [Alsosco<; prob. < OF. *.<- 
cotcr, ascouter, F. dial. (Wall.) ascotcr, prop, 
Scotist 
< ascot, a prop, cxeot, a branch of a tree: see 
Ki-iitt; n. The word is usually referred to Bret. 
Ki'nii:ijii, shoulder, prop, xcoa:, shoulder, W. 
/l.itlir;i<lilii, shoulder, yxgicydd, a shoulder. Hence 
later wofV'* 8 .] To stop or block, as a wheel, by 
placing some obstacle, as a stone, under it to 
prevent its rolling; scotch. 
scoter (sko'ter),n. [Also, in comp., scooter (also 
scoter-duck, scooter-duck) ; also scoot, perhaps < 
Icel. skoti, shooter, < slcjata, shoot: see shoot. 
Cf. scoot 2 , scooter 2 .] A large sea-duck of the 
genus (Edemia, belonging to the subfamily 
Fuligulinse, having in the male the plumage 
Male Black Scoter (<it 
black and a red gibbosity of the bill, as (Edemia 
niiirn of Europe. The corresponding American spe- 
cies is (E. americana. The name is extended to the velvet 
or white-winged scoter, (E. fusca or (E. velretina, and to 
the surf-scoter, (E. perspiciUata. In the United States all 
three species are commonly called coot, or sea-coot, with 
various qualifying terms and some very fanciful names. 
See (Edemia, and cut under PelioMtta. Double scoter, 
the great black scoter, (Edemia fusca. 
scoter-duck (sko'ter-duk), n. Same as scoter. 
scot-free (skot'fre), a. [< scot 2 + free.] 1. 
Free from payment of scot; untaxed. 
By this light, a cogging cheator; . . . hefurnishethyour 
ordinary, for which he feeds scot-free. 
Marstm, What you Will, T. 1. 
2. Unhurt; clear; safe. In this sense also shot- 
free, with the intention of a pun. 
They'll set me scot-free from your men and you. 
Greene, Alphonsus, v. 
I, at whom they shot, sit here shot-free. 
B. Jonson, Apol. to Poetaster. 
SCOtia (sko'ti-a), . [= F. scotte, < Or. a/unia, 
darkness, < atiorof, darkness, gloom.] A con- 
cave molding, 
used especial- 
ly beneath the 
eye, as in the 
bases of col- 
umns between 
the fillets of the 
tori. It takes its 
name from the 
dark shadow form- 
ed by it. It is fre- 
quently formed in 
the best work by 
the Junction of 
curved surfaces of 
different radii, or 
of curves which are not segments of a circle. Sometimes 
called casement (erroneously casemate), and often, from its 
resemblance to the groove of a common pulley, trochilus. 
See also diagram under base%, 3. 
Scotice (skot'i-se), adv. [NL., < LL. Scoticus, 
Scottish, < Scotus, Scot: see Scot 1 .] In the 
Scotch manner; in the Scotch language. 
Scoticism, Scoticize. See Scotticism, Scotticize. 
SCOtinO (sko-te'no), n. [It.] The smoke-tree 
or Venetian sumac, Rhus Cotinus; also, its pul- 
verized foliage used as a tanning material. 
Scotish, <>. An erroneous form of Scottish. 
Scotism (sko'tizm), n. [< Scotus (see def.) + 
-ism.] The metaphysical system of John Duns 
Scotus (born probably at Duns in Berwick- 
shire, Scotland, though the place is doubtful: 
died at Cologne in 1308), the most accurate 
thinker of the middle ages. His method is the logical 
analysis of the elements of existence. His fundamental 
doctrine is that distinctions which the mind inevitably 
draws are to be considered as real, although they do not 
exist in the things apart from their relations to mind. 
Such distinctions were called formal, the abstractions 
thence remltlng formalities, and those who insisted upon 
them formalists or formalizers (Middle Latin .formalizan- 
tes\ He taught the'important principle of hfficceity that 
Individual existence is no quality, is capable of no descrip- 
tion or general conception, but is a peculiar element of be- 
ing. He held that the natures of genera and species, as 
animal and horse, are real, and are not in themselves either 
general or particular, though they cannot exist except as 
particular nor be thought except as general. The teach- 
ing of Scotism in the English universities was prohibited 
liy the royal injunctions of 1536. 
Scotist (sko'tist), n. [= F. Scotis'e = Sp. Pp. 
Escot istn = It. Seotista, < ML. Scotista, < Sco- 
Base of Column (Ionic) of the Erechtheum, 
Athens, a, scotia. 
