shallow 
The rudd, or red-eye, is the shallow of the Cam. 
Yarrell, Hist. British Fishes. (Latham.) 
shallow-brained (shal'6-brand), a. Of no 
depth of intellect; empty-headed. 
To this effect the policie of playes is verie necessarie, 
however some shallow-brayned censurers (not the deepest 
serchers into the secrets of gouemment) mightily op- 
pugne them. Nashe, Pierce Penilesse, p. 59. 
shallow-hearted (shal'6-har"ted), a. Incapa- 
ble of deep or strong feeling or affection. 
Ye sanguine, shallow-hearted boys ! 
Shak., Tit. And., iv. 2. 97. 
Shallowling (shal'o-ling), n. [< shallow* + 
-ling 1 .] A shallow or silly person. 
Can Wee suppose that any Shallmvling 
Can flnde much Good in oft-Tobacconing? 
Sylvester, Tobacco Battered. 
shallowly (shal'o-li), adv. In a shallow man- 
ner; with little 'depth; superficially; without 
depth of thought or judgment ; not wisely. 
Most shallowly did you these arms commence. 
Shak., 2 Hen. IV., iv. 2. 118. 
shallowness (shal'o-nes), n. The character of 
being shallow; lack of depth or profundity, 
either literally or figuratively; superficiality: 
as, the shallowness of a river; shallowness of 
mind or wit. 
shallow-pated (shal'6-pa'ted), a. Of weak 
mind; silly. 
Some shallow-pated Puritan, in reading this, will shoot 
his Bolt, and presently cry me up to have a Pope in my 
Belly. Howell, Letters, iv. 36. 
,ri-shal"i), adv. [An accom. 
5547 
They find themselves fooled and shammed into a con- 
viction. Sir K. L' Estrange. 
Law. Why, I'm sure you joked upon me, and shammed 
me all night long. 
Man. Shammed! prithee what barbarous law-term is 
Free. Shamming is telling you an insipid dull Lie with 
a dull Face, etc. [see this quotation under sham, n., 2). 
Wyeherley, Plain Dealer, iii. 1. 
2f. To obtrude by fraud or imposition. 
We must have a care that we do not . . . sham fallacies 
upon the world for current reason. Sir R. L' Estrange. 
3. To make a pretense of in order to deceive; 
feign ; imitate : as, to sham illness. 
But pray, why does your master pass only for ensign? 
now if he had shamm'd general indeed. 
Sheridan, The Rivals, i. 1. 
TO Sham Abraham, to pretend to be an Abraham-man ; 
hence as used by seamen, to pretend illness in order to 
avoid doing duty in the ship, etc. See Abraham-man. 
II. intrans. To pretend; make false pretenses; 
pretend to be, do, etc., what one is not, does 
not, does not mean, etc. 
Then all your Wits that fleer and sham, 
Down from Don Quixote to Tom Tram. 
Prior, To Fleetwood Shepherd. 
Heshammed ill, and his death was given publicly out in 
the French papers. Scott, Rob Roy, xxxvn. 
sham-Abraham (sham'a'bra-ham), a. Pre- 
tended; mock; sham. See to sham Abraham, 
under sham, v. t. 
I own I laugh at over-righteous men, 
I own I shake my sides at ranters, 
And treat sham Abr'am saints with wicked banters. 
flood, Ode to Rae Wilson. 
shall If marking hesitation ; now by variation 
Same as T 
shame 
in which butchers expose meat for sale ; hence, 
a flesh- or meat-market. 
Whatsoever is sold in the shambles, that eat. 
1 Cor. x. 25. 
Many there are of the same wretched Kind, 
Whom their despairing Creditors may find 
Lurking in Shambles; where with borrow'd Coin 
They buy choice Meats. 
Congreve, tr. of Juvenal's Satires, xi. 
4. pi. A slaughter-house ; a place of butchery : 
sometimes treated as a singular. 
Far be the thought of this from Henry's heart, 
To make a shambles of the parliament-house ! 
Shak.,SHea. VI., i. 1.71. 
I will therefore leaue their shambles, and . . . will vis- 
ite their holies and holy places. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 844. 
Straightway Virginius led the maid a little space aside, 
To where the reeking shambles stood, piled up with horn 
and hide. Macaulay, Virginia, 1. 148. 
5f. In mining. See shammel, 2. Clerk of the 
market and shambles. See clerk. 
shamble 1 (sham'bl), v. t. ; pret. and pp. sham- 
bled, ppr. shambling. [< shamble 1 , re.] To 
slaughter; destine to the shambles. [Kare.] 
Must they die, and die in vain, 
Like a flock of shambled sheep? 
The Century, XXXVIII. 730. 
shamble 2 (sham'bl), v. i. ; pret. and pp. sham- 
bled, ppr. shambling. [An assibilated form of 
scamble. ] To walk awkwardly and unsteadily, 
as if with weak knees. 
Such was the appearance of Ichabod and his steed, as 
they shambled out of the gate of Hans Van Ripper. 
Irving, Sketch-Book, p. 437. 
shamble 2 (sham'bl), n. [< shamble?, v.] A sham- 
bling walk r- 
stride half sliamble, went out of the Raleigh, and disap- 
peared. J. E. Cooke, Virginia Comedians, I. xviii. 
Obsolete variants of 
shalott, shalotet, Obsolete forms of shallot. 
Shalt (shalt). The second person singular of 
shall 1 . 
shaltowt. A Middle English reduction of shalt 
than. 
Shaly (sha'li), a. [< shaW + -y 1 .] Pertaining 
to, containing, or of the nature of shale; re- 
sembling shale : as, a shaly soil. 
Sham (sham), n. and a. [A dial, form of shame 
(like shack tor shake, tak for take, etc.). The 
noun depends in part on the verb (see sham, .). 
It came into general literary use, in the later 
senses, in the last quarter of the 17th century, 
as if apiece of slang.] I. n. 1. Shame; dis- 
grace; fault. [Prov. Eng.] 2. A trick put 
upon one; a trick or device that deludes or 
disappoints expectation; fraud; imposture; 
make-believe; humbug: as, an age of shams. 
Two young gent, that heard S'. H. tell this sham so 
gravely rode the next day to St. Alban's to enquire ; come- 
ing there, nobody had heard of any such thing, 'twas al- 
together false. Aubrey, Lives, Henry Blount. 
Shamming is telling you an insipid dull Lie with a dull 
Face, which the sly Wag the Author only laughs at him- 
self ; and, making himself believe 'tis a good Jest, puts the 
Sham only upon himself. Wyeherley, Plain Dealer, iii. 1. 
That Sham is too gross to pass on me. 
Congreve, Way of the World, v. 10. 
the 
and .^r, Hin, 
professor or priest of Shamanism ; a wizard or pace or gait. 
conjurer among those who profess Shamamsm. 
ich old 
The connexion of the shamans or sorcerers with fetish- 
ail'* magic costume to contain spirits helpful to their 
owner in his magic craft. 
E. B. 
Dryden, Spanish Friar, i. 2. 
shambling (sham'bling), p. a. Characterized 
by an awkward, irregular, clumsy, weak-kneed 
motion or gait: as, a shambling trot; sham- 
II. a. Relating to Shamanism. 
Shamanic (sha-man'ik), a. [< Shaman + -ic.~\ 
Of or pertaining to Shamans or Shamanism. 
Shamanism (sham'an-izm), n. [< Shaman + 
-ism.'] A general name applied to the idola- 
trous religions of a number of barbarous na- 
tions, comprehending those of the Finnish race, 
as the Ostiaks, Samoyeds, and other inhabi- 
tants of Siberia as far as the Pacific Ocean. 
These nations generally believe in a Supreme Being, but 
to this they add the belief that the government of the 
world is in the hands of a number of secondary gods both 
benevolent and malevolent toward man, and that it is 
absolutely necessary to propitiate them by magic rites 
and spells. The general belief respecting another life 
appears to be that the condition of man will be poorer 
and jnore wretched than the present ; hence death is re- 
garded with great dread. 
The earliest religion of Accad was a Shamamsm resem- 
bling that of the Siberian or Samoyed tribes of to-day. 
Encyc. Brit., III. 192. 
Shamanist (sham'an-ist), n. [< Shaman + -isf.] 
A believer in Shamanism. 
lie (sham-a-nis'tik), a. [< Shaman- 
, shambling youth. 
Lamb, Christ's Hospital. 
'bro), n. [Origin < 
ship or caravel, with two or three masts. Berry. 
shame (sham), n. [< ME. shame, schame, 
comp.) = MLG. schame 
= OHG. scama, MHG. schame, scham, G. scham, 
shame,= Icel. *fcomm(staw-),shame.a wound, 
= Sw. Dan. skam, shame ; akin to AS. sceand, 
second, scand, scond = D. G. schande = Goth. 
skanda, shame, disgrace (see shand), and per- 
haps to Skt. / kshan, wound: see scathe, etc. 
Cf. s/jam,orig. adial. formof sfeaie.] 1. Apain- 
ful feeling or sense of degradation excited by 
a consciousness of having done something un- 
i own previous idea of one's ex- 
cellence ; also, a peculiar painful feeling or 
sense of being in a situation offensive to de- 
bring contempt upon the per- 
undre a Palme Tree, sc! 
a child. 
You put upon me, when I first came to Town, about 
being orderly, and the Doctrine of wearing Shams, to make 
Linen last clean a Fortnight. Steele, Conscious Lovers, i. 1. 
(6) A false pillow-cover ; a pillow-sham, (c) A strip of fine 
linen, often embroidered, put under the upper edge of the 
bed-coverings and turned over, as if forming the upper end 
of the sheet, (a) pi. Gaiters. [Local, Eng.] 
II. a. False; counterfeit; pretended: as, a 
sham fight. 
The Discovery of your Sham Addresses to her, to con- 
ceal your Love to her Heice, has provok'd this Separation. 
Vongreve, Way of the World, i. 1. 
The other two packets he carried with him to Halifax, 
where he stayed some time to exercise the men in sham 
attacks upon sham forts. B. Franklin, Autobiog., p. 257. 
Sham answer, sham defense, sham plea, in law, a 
pleading so clearly false in fact as to present no substan- 
tial issue. The phrase is commonly taken to imply a 
pleading formally sufficient, and interposed for the mere 
purpose of delay. = Byn. Mock, spurious, make-believe, 
sham (sham), v. ; pret. and pp. shammed, ppr. 
shamming. [< sham, n. ; orig. a var of shame, 
>.] I. trans. 1. To deceive; trick; cheat; de- 
lude with false pretenses. 
ir J. Lubbock, Orig. of Civilisation, p. 225. 
shamble 1 (sham'bl), n. [Early mod. E. also 
shammel, shamell; < ME. schambylle, earlier 
shamel, schamel, schamil, schamylle, scheomel, a 
butchers' bench or stall, orig. a stool, < AS. 
scamol, scamel, sceamul, a stool (fot-scamel, a 
footstool), = OS. scamel, scamil, stool (fot-sca- 
mel, a footstool), = OHG. scamal, scamil, MHG. 
schemel, schamel, G. schamel, schemel = Icel. ske- 
mill = Dan. skammel, a footstool, = OF. scamel, 
eschamel, < L. scamellum, a little bench or stool; 
cf. scabellum, a footstool (> It. sgabello, a joint- 
stool, = F. eseabeau, escabelle, a stool) ; dim. of 
scamnum, a step; cf. L. scapns, a shaft, stem, 
stalk, Gr. aKt/vreiv, prop, etc. : see scape 2 , scep- 
ter, shaft 1 .] If. A footstool. 
Vor thi alle the halewen makeden of al the worlde ase 
ane scheomel to hore uet [feet]. Ancren Riwle, p. 166. 
2. A bench ; especially, a bench or stall in a 
market on which goods are exposed for sale. 
Specifically 3. pi. The tables or stalls on or 
...in that sche had childed 
ret schame that sche hadde 
Mandeville, Travels, p. 133. 
In all humility, 
And with no little shame, I ask your pardons. 
Fletcher and Rowley, Maid in the Mill, i. 2. 
Shame ... is an uneasiness of the mind upon the 
thought of having done something which is indecent, or 
will lessen the valued esteem which others have for us. 
Locke, Human Understanding, II. xx. 17. 
2. Tendency to feel distress at any breach 
of decorum or decency, especially at any un- 
seemly exposure of one's person. 
My purpos hathe ben longe my hert thus to chast, 
And til this yeres day y ne durst for schame. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 39. 
When a woman shall be inflamed with ire, the man 
ought to suffer her, and after the flame is somewhat 
_ jleaue the house with yels. 
Guevara, Letters (tr. by Hellowes, 1577), p. 305. 
Have you no modesty, no maiden shame, 
No touch of bashfulness? 
Shak., M. N. D., iii. 2. 285. 
3. A thing or person to be ashamed of ; that 
which brings or is a source or cause of con- 
