shammy 
Love thy brave man of war, and let thy bounty 
Clap him in shamoit. 
Beau, and Fl., Scornful Lady, ii. 
The day after to-morrow we go in cavalcade with the 
Duchess of Richmond to her audience ; I have got my 
cravat and shammy shoes. 
//. Walpole, To Gen. Conway, Jan. 12, 1766. 
2. A bag of chamois leather in which miners 
keep their gold-dust. [Australia.] 
shamoyt, n. An obsolete form of sliammi/, 
shamoy (sham'oi), r. t. [_< shamoy, n.] To pre- 
pare (leather) by working oil into the skin in- 
stead of the astringent or ammonium chlorid 
commonly used in tanning; dress or prepare in 
the way chamois leather is prepared. 
Skivers are split grain sides of sheep skins tanned in 
sumach, and similarly finished the flesh split being 
xlni iniii/i'il for Inferior qualities of shamoy or wash leather. 
Knci/c. fin*.. XIV. 388. 
shampoo (shani-po'), r. t. [Also xhiimpo, and 
more prop, champoo, ehampo; < Hind, elidiiijina 
(impv. chant po\ shampoo, lit. 'join, press, stuff, 
thrust in.'] 1. To rub and percuss the whole 
surface of (the body), and at the same time to 
extend the limbs and rack the joints, in con- 
nection with a hot bath, for the purpose of 
restoring tone and vigor to the system : a prac- 
tice introduced from the East. Such kneading 
and rubbing of the whole body is now com- 
monly called maxxage. Also used figuratively. 
Old women and amateurs [at an auction-sale] have in- 
vaded the upper apartments, pinching the bed-curtains, 
poking into the feathers, shampooing the mattresses, ami 
clapping the wardrobe drawers to and fro. 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair, xvii. 
2. To lather, wash, and rub or brush (the head) 
thoroughly. 
shampoo (sham-po'), n. [< shampoo, I'.J The 
act or operation of shampooing, in either sense. 
shampooer (sham-po'er), ?i. One who sham- 
pooes, in either sense of the word. 
shamragt, . An obsolete form of shamrock. 
shamrock (sham'rok), n. [Early mod. E. also 
xhamroke, shamrag, shamerag; < Ir. seamrog (= 
Gael, seamrag), trefoil, dim. of seamar, trefoil.] 
A plant with trifoliate leaves: the national em- 
blem of Ireland. According to recent authority (Brit- 
ten and Holland, "English Plant Names") the plant at 
the present day most in repute as the true shamrock is 
one of the hop-clovers, Trifolium minus, a slender trail- 
ing species with small yellow heads, perhaps a variety of 
T. procumbens. It is in use in many counties of Ireland, 
and forms a great part of the shamrock sold in London 
on St. Patrick's day. The black medic, Medicago lupn- 
lina, is also thus used ; but the white clover, T. repens, 
is widely understood to be the common shamrock. The 
identity of the original shamrock which, according to tra- 
dition, St. Patrick used to illustrate the doctrine of the 
Trinity is uncertain. It has been variously supposed to 
be the common white clover, T. repens (which, however, 
is believed to be of late introduction in Ireland) ; the red 
clover, T. pratense; the wood-sorrel, Oxalis Aceto sella 
(locally called shamrock in England) ; and even the water- 
cress (though its leaves are not trifoliate). 
Yf they founde a plotte of water-cresses or sham-rokes. 
there they flocked as to a feast Spenser, State of Ireland. 
Whilst all the Hibernian kerns, in multitudes. 
Did feast with shamerags stew'd in usquebagh. 
John Taylor, Works (1630), II. 4. (HaUiweU.) 
Blue-flowered shamrock. See Parochetus. Indian 
shamrock, the birthroot, Trillium erectum. 
shamrock-pea (sham'rok-pe), n. See Paroche- 
tus. 
shan 1 (shan), n. [Cf. shand, .] Naut., a de- 
fect in spars, most commonly from bad collared 
knots; an injurious compression of fiber in 
timber; the turning out of the cortical layers 
when the plank has been sawed obliquely to 
the central axis of the tree. 
shan 2 (shan), re. [Cf.afcanny 1 .] Same ass/mum/ 1 . 
shand (shand), n. and a. [< ME. shandc, 
schond, schonde, sconde, also schend (in comp. ), < 
AS. sceand, scand, sceond, scond = D. schandc = 
MLG. schande = OHG. scanta, MHG. G. schande 
= Dan. skand (in comp. skand-skrift, libel) = 
Goth, skanda, shame; akin to AS. sceamu, etc., 
shame: see shame.'] I. n. If. Shame; scandal; 
disgrace. 
Forr thatt wass, alls he wisste itt wel, 
Hiss :I;;]H nn shame and shande. 
Ormulum, 1. 11966. 
My dere dojttur, 
Thou most vndor-stonde 
For to gowerne well this nous, 
And saue thy selfe frow schond. 
Booke of Precedence (E. E. T. S. , extra ser.), i. 39. 
God shilde his cors fro shonde. 
Chaucer, sir Thopas, 1. 19". 
2. Base coin. [Scotch.] 
" I doubt Glossin will prove but shand after a', Mis- 
tress," said Jabos; . . . "but this is a glide half-crown 
ony way." Scott, Guy Mannering, xxxii. 
II. a. Worthless. [Scotch.] 
5549 
shandry (shan'dri). .; pi. xhandries (-driz). A 
shortened form of xltainlri/dan. 
In a pause of Mrs. Robson's sobs, Hester heard the wel- 
come sound of the wheels of the returning shandry, bear- 
ing the bride and bridegroom home. 
Mrs. Uaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, xxix. 
shandrydan (shan'dri-dan), H. [Also shandei'y- 
iliui ; appar. of Ir. origin.] A light two-wheeled 
cart or gig; any old rickety conveyance. 
An ancient rickety-looking vehicle of the kind once 
known as shandrydan. Comhill Mag., V. 440. 
shandygaff (shan'di-gaf), 11. [Origin obscure.] 
A mixture of bitter ale or beer with ginger- 
beer. The original English recipe is a pint of bitter 
beer with a small bottle of old-fashioned ginger-beer; but 
porter or stout or lager-beer is sometimes substituted for 
the bitter beer, and ginger-ale for the ginger-beer. 
If the sun is out, one feels, after scrambling over the 
rocks and walking home by the dusty road, like taking a 
long pull at a cup of shandygaff. 
C. D. Warner, Their Pilgrimage, p. 187. 
Shangan. <. See xhnngie. 
shanghai (shang-hi'). n. [So called from Sliani/- 
hai, Shanghae, a city of China.] 1. A very 
long-legged hen with feathered shanks, reputed 
to have been introduced from Shanghai, China. 
The breed (if, despite its great vogue at one time, it could 
ever claim to be one) is now obsolete, having been devel- 
oped or differentiated into the different varieties of brah- 
mas and cochins. Also called brahmaputra, brahmapootra. 
Hence 2. A tall person ; especially, a tall dan- 
dy. [Slang, U. S.] 3. A long, slender oyster; 
a stick-up or stuck-up; a coon-heel, rabbit-ear, 
or razor-blade. [Connecticut.] 4. A kind of 
tish-hook. Xorrix. 
shanghai (shang-hi'), r. t. [Lit. to ship to Sliinig- 
liai, tilianghae, a port of China, representing any 
distant port to which persons so treated are 
shipped.] Navt., to render insensible, as a per- 
son, by drugs, liquor, or violence, and ship him 
on a vessel wanting hands, for the purpose of 
fraudulently securing advance-money and any 
premium offered for procuring seamen. 
shangie, shangan (shang'i, -an), n. [Origin 
obscure; perhaps < OF. chaine, F. chalne, a 
chain: see chain.] 1. A shackle; the shackle 
that runs on the stake to which a cow is bound 
in a cow-house. Jamieson. 2. A ring of straw 
or hemp put round a jumper by miners to pre- 
vent the water in the bore-hole from squirting 
up. 3. A stick cleft at one end, in which the 
tail of a dog is put by way of mischief. [Scotch 
in all uses.] 
Shangti (shang'te'), . [Chin., < silting, high, 
supreme, + ti, ruler.] One of the names (liter- 
ally, 'supreme ruler') used among Christians 
in China for God, the others being Shin ('god' 
or 'gods,' ' spirit' or ' spirits'), used (sometimes 
with the prefix chin, true) by those who object 
to the use of Shangti and Tien-elm ('lord of 
heaven'), used by Eoman Catholics. Also 
Shangte. 
shaning (shan'ing), n. Same as shannyl. 
shank 1 (shangk), . [< ME. shanke, schanke, 
schonkc, scconke, sconke, < AS. sceanca, scanca, 
sceonca, the bone of the leg, also a hollow bone, 
= OFries. skunka, schonk = D. schonk, a bone, = 
LG. schunkc, also schake, leg, = Sw. xkank = 
Dan. skank, leg, shank; cf. dim. D. schenkel = 
MHG. G. schenkel, shank, leg, thigh, = Icel. 
xkekill, shank ; allied to OHG. scincho, scincha, 
shank, hollow bone (> It. dial, schinco, stinco, 
shin-bone), MHG. schinke, G. schinken, ham, = 
Sw. skinka = Dan. skinke, ham. From the same 
ult. source is derived E. skinki.] 1. The leg, 
or the part of the leg which extends from the 
knee to the ankle ; the tibia or shin-bone. 
Ef tsoones her white streight legs were altered 
To crooked crawling shankes, of marrowe empted ; 
And her faire face to fowleand loathsome hewe, 
And her fine corpes to a bag of venim grewe. 
Spenser, Muiopotmos, 1. 350. 
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide 
For his shrunk shimk. 
Shak., As you Like it, ii. 7. 161. 
(a) Technically, in anat. and zoiil., the shin, cms, or leg 
proper, between the knee and the ankle; the second seg- 
ment of the hind limb, represented by the length of the 
tibia. (6) In a horse, popularly, the part of the fore leg 
between the so-called knee and the fetlock, corresponding 
to the metacarpus. See cut under horse. 
2. In a bird, popularly, the part of the foot be- 
tween where the feathers usually end and the 
roots of the toes, commonly held upright and 
appearing like a part of the leg, not of the foot, 
as it really is ; the tarsometatarsus. 3. In <- 
torn., the tibia: same &sshin, 5. 4. In bot., the 
footstalk or pedicel of a flower. 5. A stock- 
ing, or the part of a stocking which covers the 
leg; specifically, a stocking in the process of 
shank-shell 
being knitted (a Scotch use) ; also, a legging 
or leg-covering. 
All the riche clothynge was awaye 
That he byfore sawe in that stede ; 
Hir a [one| schanlce blake, hir other graye, 
And all hir body lyke the lede. 
Thomas of Ersseldoune (Child's Ballads, I. 102). 
Four or five pairs of heavy woollen socks cover his feet, 
and over them is placed a pair of caribou shanks (leggings 
made of the skin of the caribou worn with the hair out- 
side]. Harper's Mag., LXXVII. 610. 
6. That part of an instrument, tool, or the like 
which connects the acting part with a handle or 
the part by which it is held or moved. Specifi- 
cally () The stem of a key, between the bow and the bit. 
(fr) The stem of an anchor, connecting the arms and the 
stock, (c) The tang of a knife, chisel, etc., or part which 
is inserted in the handle, (d) That part of a fish-hook 
which is toward the head; the straight part above the 
bend, (e) The straight part of a nail between the head and 
the taper of the point. (/) In printing, the body of a type, 
or that part which is between the shoulder and the feet. 
See cut under type. (17) The eye or loop on a button, (h) 
That part of an ax-head which is between the edge and 
the back, which in some old forms is drawn out long and 
thin, (i) Of a spur, one of the two cheeks or side-pieces. 
(j) Of a spoon, the slender part between the flattened 
handle and the bowl. 
7. That part of a shoe which connects the broad 
part of the sole with the heel. See cut under 
boot. 8. In metal., a large ladle to contain 
molten metals, managed by a straight bar at 
one end and a cross-bar with handles at the 
other end, by which it is tipped to pour out the 
metal. 9. The shaft of a mine. [Scotch.] 
10. pi. Flat pliers with jaws of soft iron used 
for nibbling glass for lenses preparatory to 
grinding. See nibhlitig. 11. Inarch.: (a) The 
shaft of a column, (6) The plain space between 
the grooves of the Doric triglyph . 1 2f. A kind 
of fur, mentioned as used for trimming outer 
garments in the sixteenth century, and as de- 
rived from the legs of animals. 13. The latter 
end or part of anything. [Colloq.] 
Bimeby, to'rdsde shank er de evenin', Brer Babbit sorter 
stretch hisse'f, he did, en 'low hit 's mos' time fer Brer Fox 
tergit 'long home. J. C. Harris, Uncle Remus, xv. 
Shanks' mare. See marei. 
shank 1 (shangk), r. [< shank 1 , .] I. intrans. 
1. To be affected with disease of the pedicel or 
footstalk ; fall off by decay of the footstalk : of- 
ten with off. 
The germens of these twelve flowers all swelled, and ul- 
timately six flue capsules and two poor capsules were pro- 
duced, only four capsules shanking of. 
Dartvin, Different Form of Flowers, p. 83. 
2. To take to one's legs: frequently with an 
impersonal it: as, to xhank it. (that is, to make 
the journey on foot). [Scotch.] 
II tranx. 1. To send off without ceremony. 
[Scotch.] 
Some say ye suld baith be shankit art till Edinburgh 
Castle. Scott, Antiquary, xxxvi. 
2. In the making of lenses, to break off (the 
rough edges) with pliers of soft iron To shank 
ane's sel' awa', to take one's self off quickly. Scott, An- 
tiquary, xxvli. [Scotch.] 
shank' 2 (shangk), n. A shell: same as chank'*. 
shank-cutter (shangk 'kut^er), . In slioe- 
manuf., a machine ortool for cutting out shanks. 
E. H. Knight. 
shanked (shangkt), a. [< shank 1 + -erf 2 .] 1. 
Having a shank; having a shank or shanks of 
a kind specified: as, spindle-shanked; yellow- 
shanked. 2. Affected with disease of the 
shank or footstalk. 
shanker (shang'ker), n. An Anglicized spell- 
ing of chancre. 
shanking (shang'king), n. [Verbaln. of shank 1 , 
.] The process by which lenses are roughly 
brought to a circular form : same as nibbling, 2. 
The pressure of the pliers applied near the edges of the 
glass causes it to crumble away in small fragments, and 
this process, which is called shanking or nibbling, is con- 
tinued until the glasses are made circular. 
Ure, Diet., III. 106. 
shank-iron (shangk^'ern), n. In shoe-manuf. : 
(a) A shaping-tool or former for shoe-shanks. 
(6) A plate 01 iron inserted as a stiffening be- 
tween the leather parts of a shank. 
Shank-laster (shangk'las'"ter), H. A shoemak- 
ers' tool, combining a gripping-jaw and a lever, 
for fitting the upper-leather over the shank of 
the last. E. H. Knight. 
shank-painter (shangk'pan'ter), . Naut., a 
short rope and chain sustaining the shank and 
flukes of an anchor against the ship's side, as 
the stopper fastens the ring and stock to the 
cat-head. 
shank-shell (shangk'shel), n. Same as ehanlfl. 
The shank-shell is carved by the Cingalese ; when found 
reversed it is considered sacred. 
P. P. Carpenter, Mollusca, p. 33. 
