si 
stead, to avoid the confusion between the syllables of the 
seventh tone and of the sharp of the fifth. Si contra fa, 
Same as mi contra fa (which see, under mi). 
Si. The chemical symbol of silicon. 
siaga, n. Same as aliu. 
siagnopod (si-ag'no-pod), n. [Prop. */"""- 
pod, < Gr. aiayav, the jaw-bone, + Trofcf (jrod-) 
= E. foot] A maxilla of a crustacean. In e. 
Spence' Bate's nomenclature there are three siagnopods, 
of which the first and second are the first and second max- 
illre and the third is the flrst maxilliped of ordinary lan- 
guage. 
siagon (si'a-gon), . [NL., < Gr. ova/we, the jaw- 
bone.] 1*1x6 mandible of a crustacean, ll'i-nt- 
wood; But i'. 
sialagogic, sialagogue. See sialogogic, sialo- 
gugilf. 
Sialia (si-a'li-a), . [NL. (Swainson, 1827), < 
Gr. <j(oXi'f, a kind of bird.] A genus of turdoid 
oscine passerine 
birds, commonly 
referred to the 
family Turdidse 
and subfamily 
Saxicolinse, in 
which blue is the 
principal color; 
American blue- 
birds. Three dis- 
tinct species are 
common birds of the 
United States S. 
stalls, >'. mexicana, 
and S. arctiea. 
Sialida (si-al'i- 
d&),n.pl [NL., 
< Stalls + -ida.'] 
A superfamilyof 
neuropterousiu- 
sects, of the suborder Planipennia, represented 
by such families as Sialidas and Saphidiidae. 
Sialidae (si-al'i-de), n. pi. [NL. (Stephens, 
1836), < Stalls + -irf.] An important family 
of neuropterous insects, typified by the genus 
Stalls, having a large prothorax and reticulate 
wings, the posterior ones with a folded anal 
space. They are mostly large insects, whose larvse are 
aquatic and carnivorous. Corydalus comutus, the hell- 
grammite-fly, is a conspicuous member of the family. 
(Sec Corydalus.) Chaulwdes and liaphidia are other im- 
portant genera. 
Sialidan (si-al'i-dan), a. and n. I. a. Pertain- 
ing to the family Sialidae, or having their char- 
acters. 
II. n. A member of the family Sialidae. 
Sialis (si'a-lis). n. [NL. (Latreille, 1809), < Gr. 
ff/a/Uf, also euwvipif, a kind of bird.] The typ- 
ical genus of the Sialida?. They have no ocelli, a 
quadrangular prothorax, and wings without a pterostigma. 
5608 
sialolitb. (si'a-lo-lith), n. [< Gr. aictiev, spit- 
tle, saliva, + /.itiof, stone.] A salivary calcu- 
lus. 
sialolithiasis (si'a-lo-li-thi'a-sis), . [NL., < 
Gr. oia'Aov, spittle, saliva, + /.iBiaaif, the disease 
of the stone: BeeUtMasie.] The production of 
salivary calculi. 
sialorrhea, sialorrhcea (sl"a-lo-re'a), . [NL., 
< Gr. aia/.ov, spittle, saliva, T poia, a flow, < 
peiv, flow.] Excessive flow of saliva ; ptyalism ; 
salivation. 
sialoschesis (si-a-los'ke-sis), . [NL., < Gr. 
aia'Aov, spittle, saliva, + o^fff'f, retention, < 
exeiv, axeiv, hold.] Suppression or retention of 
the salivary secretion. 
siamang (se'a-mang), n. [= F. si<iiini/,i/, < Ma- 
lay sidmana.'f The gibbon Hylolxitiv syiidiiftylus 
or Siamanga syndactyla, the largest of the gib- 
bons, with extremely long arms, and the second 
Common Hasten 
or Wilson's Bluebird 
stalls}. 
Sialis infitmata, twice natural size. 
The larvae are aquatic and predatory, living usually in 
swift-running streams, and leaving the water to pupate in 
earthen cells under ground. S. lutaria is a common Euro- 
pean species, the larva of which is used for bait. S. infu- 
mata is a common species in the eastern United States. 
sialismus (sl-a-lis'mus), n. [NL., < Gr. otaAto- 
/*of, a flow of saliva, < otaMfctv, slaver, foam, < 
m'a/lof, spittle, saliva.] Salivation; ptyalism. 
sialisterium (si*a-lis-te'ri-um), n. ; pi. sialiste- 
ria (-a). [NL., <' Gr. atafaarf/ptov, a bridle-bit, 
< aiaXov, spittle, saliva.] One of the salivary 
glands of an insect. Kirby. 
sialogogic (si"a-lo-goj'ik), a. and n. [Also siala- 
gogic (see sialogogue) ; < sialogogue + -tc.] I. 
. Provoking or promoting an increased flow 
of saliva ; tending to salivate ; ptyalogogic. 
II. . A sialogogue. 
sialogogue (si-al o-gog), a. and n. [Also siala- 
gogue, the less common but etymologically more 
correct form ; < Gr. aiaZov, Ionic ene/ov, spittle, 
saliva, + ayuy6f, leading, drawing forth, < ayeiv, 
lead.] I. a. Producing a flow of saliva; pty- 
alogogue. 
II. n. A drug which produces a flow of saliva. 
sialoid (si'a-loid), a. [< Gr. oia~/.av, spittle, 
saliva, + rldof, form.] Pertaining to or resem- 
bling saliva. 
Siamang {Siatnanga syndactyla). 
and third digits united to some extent. It is 
a very active arboreal ape, inhabiting Sumatra 
and the Malay peninsula. See gibbon. 
Siamanga (si-a-mang'gS), n. [NL. (J. E. Gray), 
< siamung, q. v.] That genus of gibbons, or 
subgenus of Hylobatcs, which the siamaug rep- 
resents. 
Siamese (si-a-meV or -meV), a. and n. [= F. 
Siamois; &s"Siam (see def.) + -ese.~\ I. a. Of 
or pertaining to the kingdom, the people, or (in 
a limited sense) the dominant race of Siam. 
Siamese architecture, that form of the architecture of 
the far East which was developed in Siam. The most char- 
acteristic edifices are pagodas, of which the apex has a con- 
vexly conical or domical shape. On civic buildings slen- 
der spire-like pinnacles and combinations of steep gables 
are characteristic. The profusion and elaborateness of or- 
nament in relief and in color are of a barbarous richness. 
Siamese coupling, in fire-engines, a Y-shaped coupling 
by which the power of two or more engines may be united 
on one hose. Scribner's Mag., IX. 63. The Siamese 
twins, two Siamese men, Chang and Eng (1811-74), who 
were joined to each other on the right and the left side re- 
spectively by a short tubular cartilaginous band, through 
which their livers and hepatic vessels communicated, and 
in the center of which was their common umbilicus. They 
were exhibited in Europe and America, and married and 
settled in North Carolina. 
II. it. 1. sing. andpZ. An inhabitant or a na- 
tive, or inhabitants or natives, of Siam, a king- 
dom of Farther India, or Indp-China; specifi- 
cally, a member or the members of the domi- 
nant race of the kingdom, who constitute less 
than half of the population. 2. The prevalent 
language of Siam, which in its basis is mono- 
syllabic and inflexible, exceptionally abound- 
ing in homonyms distinguishable only by vari- 
ations of tone. 
Siamese (si-a-meV or -mez'), v. t. [< Siamese, 
.] To join in the manner of the Siamese 
twins ; inosculate. Compare Siamese coupling, 
under Siamese. [Recent.] 
Siam fever. See/erer 1 . 
Siam ruby. A name sometimes erroneously ap- 
plied to the dark ruby spinel found with the 
rubies of Siam. 
sib (sib), n. [Early mod. E. also sibbe; < ME. 
sib, sibbe, sybbe, relationship, affinity, peace, a 
relation, < AS. sift, sibb, syb, sybb, relationship, 
adoption, affinity, peace (ONorth. pi. sibbo, rel- 
atives), = OS. sibbia, relationship, = OFries. 
sibba = MLG. sibbe = OHG. sibba, sippa, rela- 
tionship, peace, MHG. G. sippe, relationship 
(G. sippen, pi., kinsmen), = Icel. sif, in sing. 
personified Sif, a goddess, pi. sifjar, relation- 
ship, affinity (cf. sift, affinity), = Goth, sibja, 
relationship ; cf . Skt. sabliya, fit for an assem- 
bly, trusty, < sabhd, an assembly, family, tribe. 
Cf. sib, a., sibred, and see gossip.] 1. Kindred; 
Siberian 
kin; kinsmen; a body of persons related by 
blood in any degree. 
Hure frendes sche callid hure to, 
Hure fibbe & hure kynnes men, 
With reuful steuene sche spak to hem. 
Kimj Hum (E. E. T. S.), p. 80. 
What's sib or sire, to take the gentle slip, 
And in th' exchequer rot for suretyship? 
Bp. Hall, Satires, V. i. 97. 
For the division of the clan there are appropriate words 
in the old language. These words are Sib or Kin for the 
one part, and for the other part the Wic. ... It is not 
clear whether the lower division ought to be called the 
kin or the sib. W. E. Uearn, Aryan Household, p. 288. 
2. A kinsman ; a relative, near or remote ; 
hence, one closely allied to another; an inti- 
mate companion. 
Queen. . . . Lord Valois, our brother, king of France, 
Because your highness hath been slack in homage, 
liath seized Normandy into his hands. . . . 
K. fc'dic. . . . Tush, Sib, if this be all, 
Valois and I will soon be friends again. 
Marlowe, Edward II., ill. 2. 
Our puritans very fibs unto those fathers of the society 
[the .Jesuits!. 
Bp. Montagu, Appeal to Caesar, p. 139. (Latham.) 
[Obsolete or provincial in both uses.] 
sib (sib), a. [Early mod. E. also sibbe; < ME. 
sib, sibbe, syb, sybbe, ysyb, < AS. sib, sibb, gesib, 
gesibb, gesyb, related, kindred, = OFries. sibbe, 
sib = MLG. sibbe = OHG. sibbi, sippi, sippe, 
MHG. sippe = Icel. sif, related, having kinship 
or relation, = Goth, "sibjis (in comp. itn-sibjis, 
lawless, wicked; cf. AS. unsib, discord, dissen- 
sion) ; with orig. formative -ya, < AS. sib, sibb, 
etc., kinship, relation: see sib, n. Sib, a., is 
thus a derivative of sib, n., with a formative 
which has disappeared. In its later use it is 
partly, like kindred, kin 1 , a., the noun used ad- 
jectively.] Having kinship or relationship ; re- 
lated by consanguinity ; having affinity ; akin; 
kindred. [Now only prov. Eng. or Scotch.] 
Youre kynrede nys but a fer kynrede, they been but litel 
gyb to yow, and the kyn of youre enemys been ny syb to 
hem. Chaucer, Tale of Melibeus. 
Let 
The blood of mine that 's rib to him be suck'd 
From me with leeches. 
Fletcher (and another), Two Noble Kinsmen, i. 2. 
By the religion of our holy church, they are ower sibb 
theglther. Scott, Antiquary, xxxiii. 
Sibt (sib), r. t. [< sib, n. Cf. AS. sibbian, make 
peace.] To bring into relation; establish a re- 
lationship between ; make friendly. 
Lat 's try this income, how he stands, 
An' eik us sib by shakin' hands. 
Tarras, Poems, p. 14. 
As much sibb'd as sieve and ridder that grew in the same 
wood together. Kay, Proverbial Simile, p. 225. (Kares.) 
sibaryt. n. Same as circry. 
Sibbaldia (si-bal'di-a), n. [NL. (Linnaeus, 
1737), named after Sir Robert Sibbald, a Scot- 
tish physician (died about 1712).] A former 
genus of rosaceous plants, now classed as a 
section of Potentilla, from which its type, con- 
nected by intermediate species, is distinguished 
by polygamously dioecious flowers with usually 
less numerous stamens and carpels. The 5 spe- 
cies are procumbent arctic and alpine perennials, the 
chief of which, 5. (Potentilla) procumbent, is a well-known 
arctic plant, native of North America from the White and 
Rocky Mountains and .Sierras to Greenland and the Aleu- 
tian Islands, also in northern Asia and Europe, where in 
some of the Scotch Highlands it forms a characteristic 
part of the greensward. It bears small yellow flowers, 
and leaves of three wedge-shaped leaflets. 
sibbendy (si-ben'di), . Same as sebimdy. 
sibbens, sivvens (sib'enz, siv'enz), n. [Also 
sibbins ; said to be so called from its resembling 
a raspberry, < Gael, stibliag, pi. sttbhan, a rasp- 
berry.] A severe form of syphilis, with skin- 
eruptions resembling yaws, endemic in Scot- 
land in the seventeenth and eighteenth centu- 
ries. 
sibboleth, . See shibboleth. 
Siberian (sl-be'ri-an), a. and . [= F. Siberien; 
< NL. Siberia O F. Siberie, Sw. Dan. Siberieii), 
G. Sibirien, < Russ. Sibiri, Siberia.] I. a. Of or 
pertaining to Siberia, a large Russian posses- 
sion in northern Asia, extending from the Chi- 
nese empire to the Arctic ocean Siberian apri- 
cot. See Pnmtw. Siberian aquamarine, the blue- 
green aquamarine or beryl found in .Siberia. The name is 
often incorrectly applied to the light-blue and pale-green 
Siberian topaz, which very strikingly resembles aquama- 
rine. Siberian bell-flower, Watiictidmi grandijlfirum, 
of the Campanulace/e, a desirable hardy garden flower 
with blue or white blossoms. - Siberian boil-plague, 
that form of anthrax of domestic animals which is ac- 
companied by carbuncles on various regions of the body, 
in the mouth, and on the tongue. These boils are most 
common in the anthrax fever of horses and cattle. Sibe- 
rian buckthorn. See tiuttltorn, i. Siberian crab, 
Pyrus baccata and (more commonly) P. pnmifolia. They 
are cultivated for their flowers, but more for their abun- 
