sincerity 
I speak not by commandment, but ... to prove the 
sinci-riiii of your love. 2 Cor. viii. 8. 
(c) Integrity ; uprightness ; faithfulness. 
In the integrity [margin, sincerity] of my heart and in- 
nocency of my hands have I done this. Gen. xx. 5. 
Order of Sincerity. See Order of the Red Eagle, under 
eayle. = Syn. Sea sincere. 
sinch (sinch), u. and r. A bad spelling of cinch. 
Sincipital (sin-sip'i-tal),. [< ~L. sinciput (-pit-), 
sinciput, + -ul.~] Of or pertaining to the sin- 
ciput : opposed to occipital. Uuiifi/ison. 
sinciput (sin'si-put), . [Formerly also synci- 
put; < L. sinciput, the head, brain, lit. half a 
Bead (applied to the cheek or jowl of a hog), 
< semi-, half, + caput, head. In mod. use op- 
posed to occiput, the back part of the head: see 
occiput.'] 1. The upper half or part of the 
head; the dome of the skull; the calvarium, 
including the vertical, parietal, and frontal 
regions of the cranium: distinguished from 
occiput. [A usual restricted sense of the word to fore- 
head or brow seems to have come from opposition to land- 
head or occiput.] 
2. Inentom., the front of the epicranium, or 
that part between the vertex and the clypeus. 
Sinckt, ' An obsolete spelling of sink. 
sinckfoilet, An obsolete spelling of cinquefoil. 
sincopet, n. An obsolete spelling of syncope. 
sindelt, Same as sendal. 
sinderH, . An obsolete spelling of cinder. 
Binder 2 (sin'dfer), v. A Scotch form of sunder. 
Sindh carpet. Aname given somewhat loosely 
to Eaat Indian carpets and rugs of the poorest 
quality. 
sindickt, n. An obsolete spelling of syndic. 
sindle (sin'dl), adv. [Also now or formerly 
sindyll, sendyll, seindle, seyndill, seenil, senil; 
perhaps < Sw. Dan. sonder in i sonder, asunder, 
separately : see sunder, Binder' 2 .] Seldom ; rare- 
ly. [Scotch.] 
Wi' good white bread, and farrow-cow milk, 
He bade her feed me aft ; 
And ga'e her a little wee summer-dale wandie, 
To ding me sindle and saft. 
Lord Randal (A) (Child's Ballads, II. 25). 
sindle (sin'dl), a. [Also seindle; < sindle, adv.] 
Rare. [Scotch.] 
sindoc, n. See sintoc. 
sindont (sin'don), re. [< ME. syndpne, sendony, 
< L. sindon, < (Jr. aivfov, fine muslin or muslin, 
or something made from it, as a garment, nap- 
kin, sail, etc.; prob. from India or Sind, ult. < 
Skt. Sindhu, the Indus, a particular use of sin- 
dhu, a river: see Indian. Cf. MndoP.] 1. A 
thin fabric, of cotton, linen, or silk. 
So loseph layde Ihesu to rest in his sepulture, 
And wrapped his body in a clothe called sendony. 
Joseph of Arimathie (E. E. T. S.), p. 37. 
2. A piece of cotton or linen; a wrapper. 
A book and a letter, . . . wrapped in sindons of linen. 
Bacon. 
sine 1 (sin), adv. and conj. [Also syne, the usual 
spelling in Sc. ; < ME. sine, syne, a later form, 
with added adverbial termination -e (in part a 
mere variant), of sin 2 , contraction of sitltcn : see 
s 2 , sitfi 1 .] I. adv. 1. After that; afterward: 
same as since, 1. 
Seyne bowes of wylde bores with the braune lechyde. 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 188. 
2. Before now; ago: same as since, 3: as, lang 
syne, long ago, used also as a noun, especially 
in the phrase auld lannsyne, old times (see lang- 
syne). [Obsolete or Scotch in both uses.] 
II. conj. After; since: same as since. 
Sine 2 (sin), n. [< L. sinus, a bend, curve, fold, 
coil, curl, esp. the hanging fold of the upper 
part of a toga, a bay, bight, gulf, NL. in math, 
a sine : see sinus.] If. A gulf. 
Such is the German Sea, such Persian Sine, 
Such th' Indian Gulf, and such th' Arabian Brine. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, 1. 3. 
2. In trigon., formerly, with reference to any 
arc of a circle, the line drawn from one ex- 
tremity of the arc at right angles to the diame- 
ter which passes through its other extremity ; 
now ordinarily, with ref- 
erence not to the are but 
to the angle which it 
subtends at the center 
of the circle, the ratio 
of the aforesaid line to 
the radius of the circle. 
Thus, in the diagram, BE is the 
sine of the arc AB (sometimes it is denned as half the 
chord of doable the arc), and the ratio of BE to OB is the 
sine of the angle ACB. (See trigonometrical function*, 
under trii/onomelrical.) A more scientific definition of 
5643 
the sine Is that of Euler, sin x = Ji(-*' *). where 
i' = - 1, and e is the Napierian base. The sine is also 
fully defined by the infinite series 
z-> a_ 
But all the properties of sines are readily deduced from 
the definition that the sine is such a function that it 
vanishes with the variable, while 
1 sin * r\ /. _. 
= y 1 (sin xy. 
Abbreviated sin, as in formulae here given. Arithmetic 
Of Sines, analytical trigonometry. Its object is to exhibit 
the relation of the sines, cosines, tangents, etc., of arcs, 
multiple arcs, etc. Artificial Bine. See artificial. Co- 
versed Sine, the versed sine of the complement of an 
sinew 
sinecure (si'ne-kur), v. t. ; pret. and pp. sine- 
wed, ppr. sinecuring. [< sinecure, n.] To 
place in a sinecure. Imp. Diet. 
sinecurism (si'ne-kur-izm), n. [= F. sinecu- 
(IA'.'MC .- as sinecure + -ism.~\ The holding of si- 
necures ; a state of society or affairs in which 
sinecures are of frequent occurrence. 
The English universities have suffered deeply from 
evils to which no American universities seem at present 
likely to be exposed from clericism, celibacy, and sine- 
curium, for example. C. W. Eliot, N. A.Rev.,CXXVI. 224. 
sinecurist (si'ne-kur-ist), n. [= F. sinecuriste ; 
as sinecure + -ist.] One who holds or seeks a 
sinecure. 
angle in arithmetical progression, the distances of the di- 
visions from the origin being proportional to the sines of 
die ( Si'ne di'e). [L. : Sine, without (see 
s ; He 4) die abl. of dies, day : see dial.] With- 
out day: used in connection with an adjonrn- 
flned: the expression arose when nine was still understood ment of an assembly, or of any business or 
as a half-chord, and meant the sine for radius unity (or cause, without any specified day or time for 
some multiple of ten). Sine galvanometer. See gal- reassembling, or resuming the subject or busi- 
'" (W> ~ 1JUl OlAe1 ' ess. When 'a prisoner is suffered to go sine 
die, he is practically discharged. 
Sine-integraysm'in'te-gral), n. The function 
These functions were invented by Wronski. Sine of 
three lines which meet in a point, the sine of the 
angle between the first line and the plane of the other 
two, multiplied by the sine of the angle between the other 
two lines. Sine of three planes, the sine of the angle 
between the first plane and the intersection of the other 
two, multiplied by the sine of the angle between the 
other two planes. Subversed sine. Same as supple- 
mental versed sine. Supplemental versed sine, the 
difference between the versed sine and the diameter. 
Versed sine, unity minus the cosine. Formerly, for the 
arc AB (see the diagram), it was understood to be the line 
EA ; now the ratio of EA to BC is the versed sine of the 
angle ACB. Whole Bine of a circle, the radius. 
Sine 3 (sin ),v.i. [Cf. siel, sifel.] 1. To strain. 
Halliwett. [Prov. Eng.] 2. To leave off milk- 
ing a cow. Halliwell. 
sine* (si'ne), prep. [L., without : see sans, sine- 
cure.] A Latin preposition, signifying ' with- 
out.' See sine die, sine qua non. 
Sinea (sin'e-a), n. [NL. (Amyot and Serville, 
1843), < Heb". senc.] A genus of predaceous 
bugs of the family Eeduviidse, comprising only 
8 species, 4 of which are from the western 
United States, while 3 are Mexican or South 
American. 5. diadema, found throughout the United 
States, is a well-known enemy of the Colorado potato- 
beetle, commonly called rapacious soldier-buy. See cut 
under Reduviidie. 
sin-eatert (sin'e"ter), n. Formerly, in some 
parts of England, one who was hired in con- 
nection with funeral rites to eat a piece of 
bread placed near the bier, and who by this 
symbol took upon himself the sins of the de- 
ceased, that the departed soul might rest in 
peace. The usage is said to have originated in a mis- 
taken interpretation of Hosea iv. 8 : " They eat up the sin 
of my people." 
The manner [in the County of Hereford] was that, when 
the Corps was brought out of the house and layd on the 
Biere, a Loafe of bread was brought out, and delivered 
to the Smne-eater over the corps, as also a Mazar-bowle of 
maple (Gossips bowle) full of beer, w* he was to drinke 
up, and sixpence in money, in consideration whereof he 
tooke upon him (ipso facto) all the Sinnes of the Defunct, 
and freed him (or her) from walking after they were dead. 
Aubrey, Remaines of Gentilisme, p. 35 (Folk-Lore Soc. 
Publ., IV. 35X 
sin-eating (sin'e'ting), n. The practices of 
the sin-eaters. Hone, Year-Book, July 19. 
sine-complement (sm'kom' / ple-ment), . Same 
as cosine. 
sinecural (si'ne-kur-al), a. [< sinecure + -al.] 
Of or relating to a sinecure ; of the nature of 
a sinecure. Imp. Diet. 
sinecure (si'ne-kur), n. and a. [Cf. F. sinecure 
(<E.), < ML. sine cura, in the phrase leneficium 
sine cura, a benefice without the cure of souls : 
L. sine, without; cura, abl. of cura, care: see 
sine*, cure, n.] I. n. 1. An ecclesiastical bene- 
fice without cure of souls. In England these exist 
(a) where the benefice is a donative, and is committed 
to the incumbent by the patron expressly without cure 
of souls, the cure either not existing or being intrusted 
to a vicar ; (6) where residence is not required, as in 
certain cathedral offices to which no spiritual function is 
attached except reading prayers and singing ; (c) where 
a parish is destitute of parishioners, having become de- 
populated. 
Hence 2. Any office or position giving profit- 
able returns without requiring work. 
Never man, I think, 
So moulder'd in a sinecure as he. 
Tennyson, Princess, Prol. 
II. a. Free from exaction ; profitable with- 
out requiring labor; sinecural. 
Gibbon, whose sinecvre place was swept away by the 
Economical Reform Bill of 1782. 
Lecky, Eng. in 18th Cent,, xl. 
fain x 
/ x 
da 
Sinemurian (si-ne-mu'ri-an), n. The French 
name of a division of the Jurassic series; the 
equivalent of the Lower Lias of the English 
geologists. As typically developed at Semur, 
in France, it consists of three series, each 
characterized by a particular species of am- 
monite. 
sine qua non (si'ne kwa non). [L. : sine, with- 
out (see sine*); qua, abl. sing. fern, of qui, 
which (agreeing with re, thing, understood); 
non, not: see non 3 .] Something absolutely 
necessary or indispensable; an indispensable 
condition : as, he made the presence of a wit- 
ness a sine qua non; used attributively, indis- 
pensable ; necessary. 
Publication, in some degree, and by some mode, is a 
sine qua non condition for the generation of literature. 
De Quincey, Style, IT. 
Sine-titular (si'ne-tit"u-liir), a. [< L. sine, with- 
out, + titulus, title: see title, titular.'] Without a 
title for ordination. Jer. Taylor, Works, II. 196. 
sinew (sin'u), n. [Early mod. E. also sinnew ; 
< ME. sinewe, synewe, synowe, synow, senewe, 
sinwe, senwe, sinue, < AS. sin, seono, sionu 
(sinw-, sinew-) = OFries. sini, sine, sin = MD. 
senuwe, senue, D. zenuw = MLG. sene = OHG. 
senawa, senewa, senuwa, MHG. senewe, senwe, 
sene, G. sehne = Icel. sin = Sw. sena = Dan. sene 
= Goth, "sinawa (not recorded), a sinew ; prob. 
Skt. sndva (for "sitiava), a sinew ; perhaps akin 
to AS. sal = OS. sel = OHG. MHG. G. seil = 
Icel. seil = Goth, "sail (inferred from deriv. in- 
sailjan) = OBulg. silo, a cord, rope, and to Gr. 
l/Mf, a band ; from a root "si, Lett, sinu, I bind, 
Skt. / s * (1st pers. pres. sinomi), bind.] 1. A 
cord or tendon of the body. See tendon. 
He ... was grete and lene and full of veynes and of 
senewei, and was also so grym a figure that he was drede- 
full for to be-holde. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), ii. 339. 
Cutting out the sinews of his hands and feet, he bore 
them off, leaving Jupiter behind miserably maimed and 
mangled. Bacon, Political Fables, viii. 
2t. A nerve. Compare aponeurosis. 
The feeling pow'r, which is life's root, 
Through ev'ry living part itself doth shed 
By sinews, which extend from head to foot, 
And, like a net, all o'er the body spread. 
Sir J. Domes, Immortal, of Soul, xvlii 
Hence 3. Figuratively, muscle ; nerve; ner- 
vous energy; strength. 
Oppressed nature sleeps : 
This rest might yet have balm'd thy broken sinews. 
Sfto*.,Lear, iii.6.106. 
You have done worthily ; I have not seen, 
Since Hercules, a man of tougher sinews. 
Fletcher (and another). Two Noble Kinsmen, ii. 4. 
All the wealth 
That sinews bought and sold have ever earn'd. 
Cowper, Task, ii. 32. 
4. A string or chord, as of a musical instrument. 
His sweetest strokes then sad Arion lent 
Th' inchanting sinnews of his Instrument. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 5. 
5. That which gives strength or in which 
strength consists ; a supporting member or fac- 
tor ; a mainstay. 
What with Owen Glendower's absence thence, 
Who with them was a rated sinew, . . . 
I fear the power of Percy is too weak 
To wage an instant trial with the king. 
SAo*.,lHen.IV., iv. 4. 17. 
