somatome 
Tit/it'iv, cut.] All ideal section or segment ol'tlie 
body; one of the structural parts into which a 
body, especially a vertebrate body, is Iheoreti 
eally divisible, when actually so divided, the soma- 
tomes are the somites, metameres, arthiomeres, diar- 
thromeres, etc., which may exist in any given case. See 
somite. 
somatomic (so-ma-tom'ik), n. [< Kinuntome + 
-ic.] Having the nature, quality, or character 
of a somatome ; dividing or segmenting a body 
into theoretic or actual somites ; somitic ; met- 
uiiieric. 
somatopagus (so-ma-top'a-gus), n. ; pi. soma- 
tiiji/tt/i (-ji). [NL., <? Gr. aufia(T-), the body, + 
Troyof, that which is fixed, < Ttirfwvai (T/ vay), 
fix.] In tcrntoL, a double monster with sepa- 
rate trunks. 
somatoparallelus (s6"ma-to-par-a-le'lii8), .; 
pi. somatoparalleli (-11). [NL.,< Gr. auua(r-), 
the body, + irapdMi/hof, beside one another: 
see parallel.] In teratol., a somatopagus with 
the axes of the two bodies parallel. 
somatoplasm (s6'ma-to-plazrn) ; n. [< Gr. 
OU//(T-), the body, + 7r/.aoy/a, anything formed 
or molded: see plasm.] Somatic plasma; the 
substance of the body. 
My germ-plasm or idioplasm of the first ontogenetic 
erade is not modified into the somatoplasm of Prof. Vinis. 
Nature, XLI. 320. 
somatopleura (s6"ma-to-plo'ra), n.; pi. somato- 
pleura (-re). [NL.:"see somatopleure.] Same 
as somatopleure. 
The villostties of connective and vascular tissue, partly 
formed by the somatopleura. Micros. Sci., N. S., XXX. 352. 
somatopleural (s6"ma-to-plo'ral), a. [< soma- 
topleure + -al.] Of or pertaining to the soma- 
topleure ; forming or formed by the somato- 
pleure: as, the somatopleural layer or division 
of mesoderm. Also somatopleuric. 
somatopleure (s6'ma-to-pl6r), n. [< NL. so- 
mutopleura, < Gr. ao/la(T-), the body, + T&evpd, 
the side.] The outer one of two divisions of 
the mesoderm of a four-layered germ, the in- 
ner one being the splanchnopleurt-. A germ that 
is three-layered that Is, consists of an ectoderm and 
an endoderm, with mesoderm between them in most 
animals becomes four-layered by a splitting of the meso- 
derm into two layers, the outer or somatopleural and the 
6768 
-'-, old, rol.mii;t<l<' ,> 
n, [lit; [ 
constitutes usually the great mass of the body, or the 
"flesh and bones" of ordinary language, together with 
its vessels, nerves, and other special structures not, 
while' the splanchnopleure forms a portion of the sub- 
stance of the intestinal tract and its annexes. Also so- 
matopleura. 
somatopleuric (s6"ma-to-pl6'rik), a. [< soma- 
topleure + -ic.] Same as 'somatopleural. Foster, 
Elem. of Embryol., p. 39. 
somatosplanchnopleuric (so"ma-to-splangk- 
no-plo'rik), a. [< Gr. OU/UI(T-), the body, + 
anMiyxvov, the inward parts, + irfavpa, the side.] 
Common to the somatopleure and the splanch- 
nopleure. Micros. Sci., XXVIII. 117. 
S0matotomy(s6-ma-tot'o-mi),>i. [<Gr.ou/Jo(T-), 
the body. + -Touia,' < rkjivuv, rauclv, cut.] The 
anatomy of the human body ; anthropotomy ; 
hominisection. 
somatotridymus (so'ma-to-trid'i-mus), . ; pi. 
somatotridymi (-mi). [NL., < Gr. aufia(T-), the 
body, + TpiSv/iof, threefold.] In teratol., a mon- 
ster having three bodies. 
somatotropic (s6"ma-to-trop'ik), a. [< Gr. 
a<Jfia(T-), the body, + -rpovof, < Tptxetv, turn, + 
-ic.] In bot., exhibiting or characterized by 
somatotropism. 
somatotropism (so-ma-tot'ro-pizm), n. 
matotropie + -ism.] In bot., a directive influ- 
ence exerted upon growing organs by the mass 
of the substratum upon which they grow. This 
influence is not wholly due to the mere physical attraction 
between them, but is the result of a stimulating effect 
on what has been called the nermmotility of the organ. 
Growing organs may be divided, according to their re- 
sponse to this influence, into two classes, the positively 
somatotropic, or those which tend to grow perpendicularly 
inward into the substratum, and negatively somatotromc, 
or those which tend to grow perpendicularly outward from 
the substratum. 
somber, sombre (som'ber), a. [= D. somber, 
formerly also sommer,<. F. sombre = Sp. sombrio 
(= Pg. sombrio), shady, gloomy, < sombra (= Pg. 
sombra), shade, dark part of a picture, also a 
ghost (cf. asombrar, frighten) ; cf. OF.essombre, 
a shady place; prob. < L. "exumbrare, < ex, out, 
+ umbra, shade (or, according to some, the Sp. 
Pg. forms are, like Pr. gotetmbrar, shade, < L. 
"subumbrare, < sub, under, + umlira, shade) : see 
umbra.] 1. Dark; dull; dusky; gloomy: as, a 
somber hue ; somber clouds. 
2. Dismal : melaiieholy; dull : opposed to <///- 
fU. 
Whatever was piietieal in the liven of the early New 
Knglandcrs had something' shy, if not sombre, about it. 
l.i'ii-U, \.i,ong my I'.mikB, 1st ser., p. wt. 
= Syn. 1. Darksome, cloudy, murky, 
somber, sombre (som'ber), v. t.; pret. and pp. 
somltfiTil, somlirt-il, ppr. .// //'</, sniiilii-iiii/. 
[< somber, sonilirr, a.] To make somber, dark, 
or gloomy ; shade. 
somberly, sombrely (som'ber-li), nilr. In a 
somber manner; darkly; gloomily. 
somberness, sombreness (som'ber-nes), . 
Somber character, appearance, or state ; dark- 
ness; gloominess. 
The intense gloom which follows In the track of ennui 
deepened the natural somlireness of nil men's thoughts. 
C. F. Keary, Trim. Belief, p. 508. 
sombre, etc. See somber, etc. 
sombrerite (som-bra'rit), n. [< Sombrero (see 
def.) + -ite 2 .] An earthy mineral consisting 
chiefly of calcium phosphate with impurities, 
as alumina, etc. It forms a large part of some small 
islands In the Antilles, especially of Sombrero, and has 
been used as an artificial manure anil for the manufacture 
of phosphorus. It is supposed to be derived from the de- 
cayed bones of turtles and other marine animals. Also 
called Sombrero guano. 
sombrero (som-bra'ro), . [< Sp. sombrero, a 
broad-brimmed hat, also a sounding-board, < 
sombra, shade : see somber.] A broad-brimmed 
felt hat, of Spanish origin, but now widely used 
throughout the continent of America. 
They rowe too and fro, and haue all their merchandizes 
in their boates, with a great Sombrero or shadow ouer 
their heads to keepe the sunne from them, which Is as 
broad as a great cart wheele. Hakluyt's Voyages, II. 258. 
Both were dressed in thecostumeof the country flan- 
nel shirts, with handkerchiefs loosely knotted round their 
necks, thick trousers and boots, and large sombreros. 
The Century, XXXIX. 525. 
Sombrero guano. Same as sombrerite. 
sombrous (som'brus), a. [< somber + -oas.] 
Somber; gloomy. [Poetical.] 
A certain uniform strain of sombrous gravity. 
T. Warton, Hist. Eng. Poetry, III. 171. 
Mixed with graceful birch, the sombrous pine 
And yew-tree o'er the silver rocks recline. 
Wordsworth, Evening Walk. 
sombrously (som'brus-li), adv. In a sombrous 
manner; gloomily; somberly. [Poetical.] 
sombrousness (som'brus-nes), . The state of 
being sombrous. 
somdelt, somdelet, adv. See somedeal. 
some 1 (sum), a. and pron. [Early mod. E. 
also som; < ME. som, sum, pi. summe, somme, 
some, < AS. sum, a, a certain, one (with numer- 
als, sum feowra, one of four, sum twelfa, one of 
twelve, about twelve, sum liund, sum hundred, 
, , , , 
about a hundred, ete.), pi. same, some, = OS. 
' = MD . = 
. MLG. som = 
,^v. ..^vv. sum = Icel. sumr = Dan. somme, 
>!., = Goth, sums, some one; hence, with adj. 
formative, D. sommig = MLG. somich, summicli, 
sommich = OFries. sumilHce, sowlike = Sw. som- 
lige, pi.; akin to same: see same.] I. a. 1. 
A ; a certain ; one : noting a person or thing in- 
definitely, either as unknown or as unspecified. 
Ther was sum prest, Zacharie by name. 
Wycl\f, Luke 1. 5. 
Let us slay him, and cast him into some pit, and we will 
say, some evil beast hath devoured him. Gen. xxxvii. 20. 
Set swords against this breast, some honest man, 
For I have lived till I am pitied. 
Beau, and Fl., Philaster, v. 5. 
On almost every point on which we are opposed to Mr. 
Gladstone we have on our side the authority of some 
divine. Macaulay, Gladstone on Church and State. 
In this sense often followed by a correlative other or an- 
other. 
And so this vale is called the vale Ebron in some place 
therof and in another place therof It is called the vale 
of Mambre. SirK- OuyVorde, Pylgrymage, p. 65. 
By some device or other 
The villain Is o'er-raught of all my money. 
Shall., C. of E., I. 2. 85. 
Therefore It was well said, "Invldia festos dies non 
agit," for it is ever working upon some or other. 
Bacon. Envy (ed. 1887). 
By the meere bond of humane Nature, to God, in some 
or other Religion. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 31. 
There is scarce any thing so absurd, says an ancient, in 
nature or morality, but some philosopher or other has held 
It. Bp. AUerbtiry, Sermons, II. x. 
2. A certain indefinite or indeterminate quan- 
tity or part of; more or less: often so used as to 
denote a small quantity or a deficiency: as, 
bring some water; eat some bread. 
And therfore wol I maken you disport. 
As I seyde erst, and don yon som contort. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 776. 
some 
111. ,mnc>):in 1 Ibl H l"i't 
N mi ;itr III ilillllt t 'r* I'll V'U 
Ariten of t'nmhan. 
It is tame tm-rry when turn kill with M 
Webster, Duchewof Malli. 
Let her who has no Hair, or has but vnnr, 
Plant Centlneli before her Dreulng-B n. 
Cont/reve, tr. m < n i'l Art of Love, ill. 
3. In lot/if, at leasl one. perli:i]is all: but a 
aetimei employ a seinidelinite 
sunn- which implieH a )iart, but not all. As com- 
monly used In logic, a statement about stone of a class, say 
that "some rt is p " means that It Is possible so to select 
an S that it shall be P; h - is P" means that 
whatever H nu taken, it will lie r p.ut when xnne and every 
occur In the same statement, it makes a dlfferum-e which 
Is chosen first. '1 him, " rvcry man knows some fact " may 
mean (1) that, first choosing any man, a fact may then be 
found which that man knows (whirl, may he expressed 
by saying that every man knows some fact or other); or 
it inuj mi an (2) that a fact may be first Mlectod such that, 
then, taking any man. he will know that fact (which may 
be expressed by saying that all men know some certain 
fact). When several somes and aU* occur In the same state- 
ment, ordinary syntax falls to express the meaning with 
precision, and logicians resort to a special notation. 
4. A certain indefinite or indeterminate num- 
ber of: used before plural substantives: as, <<' 
years ago. 
They hurried us aboard a bark. 
Bore us some leagues to sea. 
Shale., Tempest, L 2. 145. 
The Lights at Paris, for 5 Mouths in the year only, cost 
50000L. Sterling. This way of Lighting the Street! it In 
use also in some other Cities in France. 
Lister, Journey to Paris (1898X p. 24. 
Hence 5. A certain number of, stated ap- 
proximately: in a quasi-adverbial use before 
a numeral or other word of number : as, a place 
some seventy miles distant ; some four or five of 
us will be there. 
I would detain you here some month or two. 
Shak., M. of V., III. 4. 9. 
Some dozen Komans of us and your lord 
. . . have mingled sums 
To buy a present for the emperor. 
Shale., Cymbeline, 1. 6. 185. 
We know 
That what was worn some twenty years ago 
Comes into grace again. 
Beau, and Ft., Thierry and Theodpret, Prol. 
A distinguished foreigner, tall and handsome, some 
thirty-seven years of age, who had played no Insignificant 
part in the affairs of France. E. Dowdcn, Shelley, I. 880. 
II. pron. If. A certain person; one. 
Som man desireth for to have richesse, 
That cause is of his morthre or gret seeknesse, 
And som wolde out of his prisoun fayn, 
That in his hous is of his mayne slayn. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 397. 
2. A certain quantity, part, or number, as dis- 
tinguished from the rest: as, *oroeof them are 
dead ; we ate some of our provisions, and gave 
away the rest. 
Loo ! he that sowith, goth out to sowe his seed. And 
the while he soweth, sum felden byside the weye. 
Wycl\f, Mat. xlU. 4. 
Though some report they [elephants] cannot kneele nor 
lye downe, they can doe both. 
Capt. John Smith, True Travels, I. 49. 
That he might, if possible, allure that Blessed One to 
cheapen and buy some of his vanities. 
Banyan, Pilgrim's Progress, I., Vanity Fair. 
In this sense some is very commonly repeated, some . . . some 
(or, formerly, other some, as In Acts xril. 18) meaning ' a 
number . . . others,' or 'the rest.' 
Summe were glad whanne the! him slge, 
Summe were sory, summe were fayne. 
Hymns to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.\ p. 54. 
Some of these Tabernacles may quickely be taken asun- 
der and set together againe. . . . Other some cannot be 
take Insunder. BaHuyt's Voyages, I. 64. 
The work some praise, 
And some the architect. Milton, P. L., I. 782. 
The plural some is occasionally used in the possessive. 
Howsoe'er It shock some's self-love. 
Byron. (Imp. Diet.) 
Some, as originally used partltlvely with numbers (AS. 
feiwro sum, one of four, etc.X has come to be an apparent 
distributive suffix, as in foursome, sevensome. All and 
some. See n. - By some and some*, bit by bit 
You know, wife, when we met together, we had no great 
store of hons-hold stuff, but were fain to buy it afterward 
by some and some, as God sent money, and yet yon see i 
want many things that are necessary to be had. 
The Fifteen Comforts of Matrimony, n. A. (Ao.) 
Semidefinlte some. See semidi-JinUe. 
some 1 * sum), adr. [<.(',.] In some d 
to some extent; somewhat: as, I am some bet- 
ter; it is some cold. [Colloq., Scotland and 
TT S 1 
SOme^t, adr. and ronj. [ME., also som. sm.< Icel. 
srm. as, att if, when, also as an indeclinable rel. 
pron., who, which, that, etc.; after an adverb, 
to give it a relative sense, tliar sem, ' there as,' 
where, lii-iir .!. 'where as,' wheresoever, etc., 
= Sw. Dan. som, as, like, as rel. pron. who, 
