BOSS 
BOSS 1 (sos), r. [Also dial, miss: < xnxgl, n.] 
1. traitK. To make dirty or wet. 
Her railke-pan and creame-pot so slabbered and sost. 
Twiner, Husbandry, April, 48, st. 20. (E. D. S.) 
II. intrant!. To make up or prepare messes 
or mixed dishes of food. Scott. [Scotch.] 
SOSS 2 (sos), '. [Prob. due to sags 1 , in part asso- 
ciated with souse-, r., and perhaps affected by 
the equiv. toss.'] I. trans. 1. To throw care- 
lessly; toss. [Obsolete or prov. Eng.] 
I went to-day into the city, but in a coach, and sossed 
up my leg on the seat. Swift, Letter, March 10, 1710-11. 
2. To lap, as a dog. Hallixell. [Prov. Eng.] 
3. To pour out. [Prov. Eug.] 
II. intrans. To fall plump into a chair or 
seat; sit lazily. [Prov. Eng.] 
Sousing in an easy chair. Swift, Stella at Wood Park. 
BOSS 2 (sos), n. [See sos 2 , .] 1. A fall with a 
dull sound; a thud. 2. A heavy, awkward fel- 
low. Cotgrave. 
BOSS 2 (sos), adv. [An elliptical use of soss 2 , v. 
Cf. souse 2 , adv.] Direct; plump. 
She fell backward soss against the bridge. 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, iil. 24. 
SOSSle (sos'l), i 1 . i. [Freq. of soss 1 , v. Cf. soz- 
zle.] To make a slop. Halliicett. [Prov. Eng.] 
sostenuto (sos-te-no'to), a. [It., pp. of sos- 
tenere, < L. sustitiere, uphold, sustain: see sus- 
tain.'] In music, sustained; prolonged: some- 
times merely the same as tenuto, and sometimes 
implying in addition a slight reduction of speed. 
Abbreviated sos*. 
sostinente pianoforte. See pianoforte. 
sot 1 (sot), . and . [< ME. sot, sotte = MD. sot, 
later zot, < OF. (and F.) sot (fern, sotte), foolish, 
as noun a fool, sot, = Wall, so, soft (ML. sottus), 
foolish, sottish; cf. Sp. Pg. zote, foolish, sottish, 
G. zote, obscenity, It. zotico, coarse ; perhaps of 
Celtic origin: of. Bret, sod, sot, stupid, Ir. s- 
thaire, a dunce, suthaii, booby. Hence sot 1 , v., 
besot, sottish, sottise."] I.t a. Foolish; doltish; 
stupid. 
He understont that heo is sot. Ancren Riide, p. 66. 
Cniht, thu tert muchel sot. Layamon, 1. 1442. 
II. n. If. A fool; dolt; blockhead; booby. 
Ya, and loke that thou be not a sotte of thy saying, 
But sadly and sone thou sette all thi sawes. 
York Plays, p. 298. 
Wise in conceit, in act a very sot. Drayton, Ideas, Ixii. 
Sot that I am, who think it fit to brag. 
Cowleii, The Mistress, Passions. 
2f. A foolishly infatuated person ; a dotard. 
Of Tristem and of his lief Isot, 
How he for hire bicom a sot. 
JUS. Ashmole 60, xv. Cent. (Hallimll.) 
Armstrong seems a so(, 
Where love binds him to prove. 
Armstrong and Musgrave (Child's Ballads, VIII. 247). 
3. One whose mind is dulled by excessive 
drinking; a confirmed drunkard. 
Like drunken sol* about the streets we roam. 
Dryden, Pal. and Arc., i. 432. 
Johnson was a water-drinker ; and Boswell was a wine- 
bibber, and indeed little better than a habitual sot. 
Macaulay, Johnson. 
sot 1 (sot), v. ; pret. and pp. sotted, ppr. sotting. 
[<otl, .] I. trans. 1. To make stupid or foo'l- 
ish; dull. 
Bellaria . . . fell againe downe into a trance, hailing 
her senses so sotted with care that after she was reuiued 
yet shee lost her memorie. Greene, Pandosto. 
2. To infatuate ; besot. 
I hate to see a brave bold fellow sotted, 
Made sour and senseless, turn'd to whey by love. 
Dryden, Spanish Friar, ii. 1. 
II. intrans. To play the sot or toper ; tipple. 
Those who continued sotting with beer all day were of- 
ten, by not paying, out of credit at the ale-house and us'd 
to make interest with me to get beer ; their light, as they 
phrased it, being out. Franklin, Autobiog., p. 148. 
SOt 2 (sot). A dialectal and vulgar variant of 
sat, preterit and past participle of git; also of 
set*-. 
Sotadean (sot- a -de; an), a. [< L. Sotadeus, 
<. Wr. ZurMeiof, < lur<i%, Sotades (see def ) + 
-eon.] Of or pertaining to Sotades of Maronea, 
a Greek poet, who flourished about 280 B c 
and was notorious for the licentiousness and 
scurrility of his writings ; pertaining to or char- 
acteristic of his poetry or the meters used bv 
him Also Sotarfic.-sotadean verse, in am 
--~w| -i_ww| ^_ y/w |^ a: . 
5780 
Sotadic (so-tad'ik), . [< LL. Sotadicus, < 2u- 
rdc%, Sotades.] Pertaining to Sotades; Sota- 
dean Sotadic verse, (a) A Sotadean verse. (6) A 
palindromic verse : so named apparently from some ancient 
examples of Sotadean verse being palindromic. 
SOteH, A Middle English form of soot 1 . 
S0te 2 t, a. A Middle English form of sweet. 
SOtelt, soteltet. Middle English forms of sub- 
tle, subtlety. 
soteriological (so-te*ri-o-loj'i-kal), . [< sote- 
riolog-y + -ic-al.] Of or pertaining to soteriol- 
ogy; specifically, pertaining to the doctrine of 
spiritual salvation through Jesus Christ. 
He [Paul] elaborated the fullest scheme of Christian doc- 
trine which we possess from apostolic pens. It is essen- 
tially soteriolomcal, or a system of the way of salvation. 
Schaff, Hist. Christ. Church, I. 71. 
SOteriolOgy (so-te-ri-ol'o-ji), n. [< Gr. oarf/piot, 
saving (< aorr/p, a deliverer, a preserver, < au- 
friv, save), + -Zo-yia, < Uyuv, speak: see -ologij.~\ 
1. A discourse on health ; the art of promoting 
and preserving health; hygiene. 2. That 
branch of theology which treats of the salva- 
tion of men through Jesus Christ. 
While the doctrines of Theology and Anthropology re- 
ceived a considerably full development during the Patris- 
tic and Scholastic periods, it was reserved for the Protes- 
tant church, and the modern theological mind, to bring 
the doctrines of Soterwlogy to a correspondent degree of 
expansion. W. O. T. Shedd, Hist. Christ. Doctrine, II. v. i. 
SOtht, a. and n. A Middle English form of sooth. 
sothernt, a. A Middle English form of southern, 
southron. 
sothfastt, sothfastnesst, etc. Middle English 
forms of soothfast, soothjastness, etc. 
Sothiac (so'thi-ak), a. [= F. Sothiaque, < Gr. 
2^(f, an Egyptian name of Sirius.] Connected 
with Sirius, the dog-star Sothiac cycle or pe- 
riod. See cycle. 
Sothic (so^thik), a. [< Gr. Ziiftf, an Egyptian 
name of Sirius.] Of or pertaining to the dog- 
star, Sethis Sothic year, the fixed year of the Egyp- 
tians, determined by the heliacal rising of Sirius. Since 
the declination of this star is little altered by precession, 
and its rising took place about the summer solstice, the 
year would have averaged nearly the sidereal year, or 9 
minutes more (instead of 11 minutes less, as the tropical 
year is) than 365J days. But it is said that in practice one 
day was intercalated every four years. The Sothic year 
seems to have been little used by the Egyptians, at least 
before the Ptolemies. 
sothlyt, sothnesst, sothsawt. Middle English 
forms of soothly, sootlmess, soothsaw. 
SOtiet, n. [ME., also sotye, < OF. sotie, sottie, 
folly, foolishness, < sot, foolish: see sot 1 .] 
Folly. 
To seen a man from his estate 
Through his sotie effeminate, 
And leue that a man shall dooe. 
Oower, Conf. Aruant., vii. 
SOtilt, SOtilteet. Middle English forms of sub- 
tle, subtlety. 
SOtnia (sot'ni-a), . [< Buss, aotnlya, a hun- 
dred.] A company or squadron in a Cossack 
regiment. 
A party of Cossacks reached Pescherna from Lovatz ; 
one sotnia. turned northward and successfully attacked 
Toros. The other party turned south to Teteven. 
G. B. McClellan, N. A. Rev., CXXVI. 160. 
sottedt, . [< ME. sotted; < sot 1 + -d 2 .] Be- 
sotted; befooled. 
This sotted preest, who was gladder than he? 
Chaucer, Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 330. 
sotteryt (sot'er-i), n. [< sot 1 + -ery.~] Folly. 
Episcopacy, and so Presbytery, had indeed . . . suffered 
very much smut, soyle, darkness, and dishonour by the 
Tyrannies, Fedities, Luxuries, Sottmes, and Insolencies of 
some Bishops and other Churchmen under the Papal prev- 
alency. Bp. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. 12. (Dames.} 
sottiet, [OF.: cf. sotie.] A species of broad 
farce, satirical in its aim, popular in Paris in 
the fifteenth century and the early part of the 
sixteenth, from which the later French comedy 
derived some of its elements. The sotties were 
put down on account of their political effect. 
sottiset (sot'is), n. [< F. sotise, sottise, < sot, 
foolish: see soti.] A piece of foolishness; a 
silly act or action ; a stupid thing. 
sottish (sot'ish), a. [< sot 1 + -is/A.] Pertain- 
ing to a sot ; having the character of a sot. () 
Dull ; stupid ; senseless ; doltish ; very foolish. (6) Dull 
with intemperance; given to tippling and drunkenness- 
Pertaining to drunkenness : as, a man of sottisft habits. 
SOttlsnly (sot'ish-li), adv. In a sottish man- 
ner; stupidly; senselessly; without reason. 
Glanmlle, 
SOttishness (sot'ish-nes), n. The state or char- 
fshntss f belng S0ttish - < a > stu PWity : dullness ; fool- 
The King [of Britain), both for his Wives sake and his 
own sottwhness, consulting also with his Peers not unlike 
himself, readily yields. Milton, Hist. Eng., iii. 
(6) Stupidity from intoxication ; drunken habits generally. 
soudanesse 
No sober, temperate person can look with any compla- 
cency upon the drunkenness and sottishnet* of his neigh- 
bour. South. 
SOtto (sot'to), prep. [It., < L. mibter, under, 
beneath, < sub, under: see sub-.'] Under; be- 
low : an Italian word occurring in a few phrases: 
as, sotto il soggetto, below the subject; sotto 
voce, under the voice, in an undertone, aside. 
SOt-weedt (sot'wed), . Tobacco. [Rare.] 
I scarce had flll'd a pipe of sot-weed, 
And by the candle made it hot-weed. 
Uudibras Jiedivivus. (Hares.} 
We had every' one ramm'd a full charge of sot-weed into 
our infernal guns. Tom Brown, Works, II. 190. 
SOtylt, A Middle English form of subtle. 
SOU (so), 11. [F. so?, OF. sol, the name of a coin : 
see soft, sous, soldo.'] An old Roman, Gallic, 
and French coin, originally of gold, then of 
silver, and finally of copper. Under Philip Angus- 
tus it was of silver, and of the value of twelve deniers. 
Under succeeding monarchs the value varied much ; but 
twenty sous tournois were equivalent to one livre tour- 
nois, and twenty-four sous to ode livre parisis. Under 
Obverse. Reverse. 
Sou, 1793. British Museum. (Size of the original.) 
Louis XV. and Louis XVI. the sou was struck in copper, 
and had an intrinsic value of two deniers twelve grains, 
though retaining the conventional value of twelve deniers, 
and this coinage continued until the adoption of the ex- 
isting decimal system In 1793. The present five-centime 
pieces, twenty of which make a franc, are still popularly 
called sous. Sou marque^ [F.], an old copper piece worth 
fifteen deniers (Littrt) ; also, in the corrupted form sou 
marquee, said to be applied In the southern United States 
to a sou bearing some distinguishing mark, as a sou of 
1767 counterstamped KK, or one marked in some way as 
counterfeit or spurious. 
souari (sou-a'ri), n. [Guiana.] A tree, Caryo- 
car nuciferum (and also one or two other species 
of the genus), yielding nuts and a wood distin- 
guished by the same name. Also saouari, sou- 
arri, and suwarrow. 
SOUari-nut (sou-a'ri-nut), n. See butternut, 2, 
and Caryocar. Also suwarrow-nut. 
soubah, . See subah. 
soubahdar, soubadar, n. See subahdar. 
SOUbise(so-bez'), . [P.] A cravat of a fashion 
worn by men toward the close of the eighteenth 
century. 
soubrette (so-bref ), . [< F.soubrette,t em. of OF. 
xoubret, sober, thoughtful, sly, cunning, dim. of 
soubre, sobre, sober: see softer.] Theat., a maid- 
servant in comedy, frequently a lady's-maid. The 
part is usually characterized by coquetry, pertness, ef- 
frontery, and a spirit of intrigue : by extension the term 
is applied tu almost any part exhibiting these qualities. 
soubriquet, n. See sobriquet. 
SOUCet. An obsolete spelling of sottse 1 , souse 1 *. 
SOUCh, i'. A Scotch form of sough 1 . 
souchet, v. t. [ME. souchen, < OF. souchier, < L. 
suspiccre, suspect: see suspect, suspicion."] To 
suspect. 
Priueli vnperceyued thei pleyed to-gedere, 
That no seg vnder sunne touched no gile. 
William of Palerne (E. E. T. 8.), L 1069. 
souchet (so-sha'), n. [<OF. souchet, dim. of F. 
souche, souchet, galangal, a stump, stock of a 
tree : see sock 1 and socket.] The tuber of the 
rush-nut. 
SOUchong (so'shong), . [< F. souchong, < Chi- 
nese si'ero, small, fine, + cluing, sort or sorts.] 
A kind of black tea. Also soochong. 
SOudH, f. t. [< ME. souden, < OF. smtder, < L. 
solidare, make solid, < sotidus, solid: see solid. 
Cf. solder."] To consolidate ; fasten together ; 
join. 
"0 martir, sowded to virginitee, 
Now maystow syngen, folwynge evere-in-oon, 
The white Lamb celestial," quod she. 
Chaucer, Prioress's Tale, 1. 127. 
soud 2 t, n. and v. Same as soW 2 . 
S0ud 3 t, interj. A word (supposed to be) imita- 
tive of a noise made by a person heated and 
fatigued. Schmidt. 
Sit down, Kate, and welcome. 
Soud, soud, toud, soud ! 
Shak., T. of the S., iv. 1. 146. 
soudant, An obsolete form of sultan. 
Soudanese, a. and n. See Sudanese. 
soudanesset, soudannesset, . Obsolete forms 
of sitltaness. 
