sound 
5. To tend; incline. [Now rare.] 
Alle hire worries moore and lease, 
fiwrtimiye in vertu. and in gentilesse. 
Chaucer, Physician s Tale, 1. 64. 
Seyng any thyng sovmjng to treson.^ ^^ ^ ^ 
JU1 sueh thingis as sou W wyth or a.yenst ^common 
6f. To resound. 
The shippes hereupon discharge their Ordinance, .. . 
insomuch that the tops of the hilles sounded therewith. 
HiMuyt's Voyages, I. 245. 
To sound in damages, in law, to have as its object the 
recovery of damages : said of an action brought, not for 
the recovery of a specific thing, as replevin or an action 
of debt, but for damages only, as for trespass, etc. 
II. trans. 1. To cause to produce sound ; set 
in audible vibration. 
A baireenipe wel coude he blowe and somte. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 565. 
I have sounded the very base-string of humility. 
Shale., 1 Hen, IV., li. 4. 6. 
2. To utter audibly; pronounce; hence, to 
speak; express; repeat. 
But now to yow rehersen al his speche, 
Or al his woful worries for to somte. 
Chaucer, Trollus, ii. 573. 
Then I, as one that am the tongue of these, 
To sound the purposes of all their hearts. 
Shak., K. John, iv. 2. 48. 
The Arab by his desert well 
. . . hears his single camel's bell 
Sound welcome to his regal quarters. 
Whittier, The Haschlsh. 
3. To order or direct by a sound; give a sig- 
nal for by a certain sound: as, to sound a re- 
treat. 
To sun ml a parley to his heartless foe. 
SAai.,Lucrece, 1.471. 
4. To spread by sound or report; publish or 
proclaim ; celebrate or honor by sounds. 
Thou sun, of this great world both eye and soul, 
Acknowledge him thy greater ; sound his praise. 
Milton, P. L, v. 171. 
She loves aloft to sound 
The Man for more than Mortal Deeds renown'd. 
Congreve, Pindaric Odes, ii. 
5. To signify; import. [A Latinism.] 
Hise resons he spak ful solempnely, 
Smcnunge alway thencrees of his wynnyng. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 276. 
If you have ears that will be pierced or eyes 
That can be opened a heart thatmaybe touched 
Or any part that yet sounds man about you. 
B. Jonson, Volpone, iii. 6. 
The cause of divorce mentioned in the law is translated 
"some uncleanuess," but in Hebrew it sounds " naked- 
ness of aught, or any real nakedness." Milton, Divorce, i. 
6. To examine by percussion, as a wall in or- 
der to discover hollow places or studding; spe- 
cifically, in tned., to examine by percussion and 
auscultation, in order to form a diagnosis by 
means of sounds heard: as, to sound the lungs. 
sound 8 (sound). An obsolete or dialectal con- 
tracted form of swound, swoon. 
soundable (soun'da-bl), a. [< sound' 1 + -able.] 
Capable of being sounded. 
soundboard (sound'bord), . 1. In musical 
instruments, a thin resonant plate of wood so 
placed as to enhance the power and quality of 
the tones by sympathetic vibration. In the piano- 
forte it is placed just under or behind the strings ; in the 
pipe-organ it forms the top of the wind-chest in which 
the pipes are inserted ; in the violin, guitar, etc., it is the 
same as the belly that is, the front of the body. Great 
care is exercised in the selection and treatment of the wood 
for soundboards, which is either pine or spruce-flr. Also 
sounding-board. See cut under harp. 
2. Same as sounding-board, 1. See cut under 
abat-voix. pedal soundboard. Seepedal. 
sound-boarding (sound'bor"ding),m. In carp., 
short boards which are disposed transversely 
between the joists, or fixed in a partition for 
holding the substance called pugging, intended 
to prevent sound from being transmitted from 
one part of a house to another. 
sound-body, sound-box, sound-chest (sound'- 
bod"i, -boks, -chest), . Same as resonance-box. 
sound-bone (sound'bon), n. [< sound'* + bone.] 
The bone of a fish lying close to the sound or 
air-bladder, it is a part of the backbone, consisting 
of those vertebra collectively which are ordinarily cut 
out in one piece in splitting the fish, 
sound-bow (sound'bp), n. The thickened edge 
of a bell against which the clapper strikes. In 
stating the proportions of a bell, the thickness 
of the sound-bow is usually taken as a unit. 
sound-deafness (sound'der'nes), n. Deafness 
to sound of every pitch or quality, as distin- 
guished from pitch-deafness and timbre-deafness. 
sounder^ (soun'der), . [Early mod. E. also 
sownder, < ME. somulre, < AS. sunor, a herd.] 
1. A herd of wild swine. 
5784 
That men calleth a trip of a tame swyn is called of wylde 
swyn a soundre : that is to say, jif ther be passyd v or vj 
togedres. & Sodl. 540. (Ualliwell.) 
How to speke of the boore, the fyrste year he is 
A pygge of the sounder callyd, as haue I blys ; 
The secounde yere an hogge, and soo shall he be, 
And an hoggestere whan he is of yeres thre ; 
And when he is foure yere, a boor shall he be, 
From the sounder of the swyne thenne departyth he. 
Book of St. Alton's (ed. 1496), sig. d., i. 
2. A young wild boar: an erroneous use. 
It had so happened that a sounder (i. e. , in the language 
of the period, a boar of only two years old) had crossed 
the track of the proper object of the chase. 
Scott, Quentin Durward, ix. 
Such then were the pigs of Devon, not to be compared 
with the true wild descendant, . . . whereof many a 
sounder still grunted about Swinley down. 
Kingsley, Westward Ho, vm. 
sounder 2 (soun'der), K. [< sound* + -e>^.] A 
sounding-machine Flying sounder, an apparatus, 
devised by Thomson, for obtaining deep-sea soundings, at 
a moderate depth, without rounding to or reducing speed. 
With this sounding-machine a sounding was made at a 
depth of 130 fathoms while the steamer was moving at the 
rate of 16 knots an hour. 
sounder 3 (soun'der), n. [< sound 5 + -ei*.] 
That which sounds ; specifically, in teleq., a re- 
ceiving instrument in the use of which the mes- 
sage is read by the sound produced by the arma- 
ture of the electromagnet in playing back and 
forth between its stops. 
sound-figures (sound'fig"urz), n. pi. Chladni's 
figures. See nodal lines, under nodal. 
sound-hole (sound'hol), n. In musical instru- 
ments of the viol and lute classes, an opening 
in the belly or soundboard, so shaped and 
placed as to increase its elasticity and thus its 
capacity for sympathetic vibration. In the mod- 
ern violin and similar instruments there are two sound- 
holes, placed on each side of the bridge ; they are usually 
called the f-holes, from their shape. 
sounding 1 (soun'ding), n. [< ME. soundynge, 
sowndyng,sowninge; verbal n. of sound*, v.] 1. 
The act or process of measuring the depth of 
anything ; exploration, as with a plummet and 
line, or a sound. 2. The descent of a whale 
or of a fish to the bottom after being harpooned 
or hooked. 3. pi. The depth of water in riv- 
ers, harbors, along shores, and even in the 
open seas, which is ascertained in the opera- 
tion of sounding. The term is also used to signify any 
place or part of the ocean where a deep sounding-line will 
reach the bottom ; also, the kind of ground or bottom 
where the line reaches. Soundings on English and Ameri- 
can charts are expressed in fathoms, except in some har- 
bor-charts where they are in feet. See deep-sea. In or 
on soundings, (a) So near the land that a deep-sea 
lead will reach the bottom. (6) In comparatively shoal 
water : said of a whale in the Arctic Ocean, Bering Sea, 
Sea of Okhotsk, or in bays, lagoons, etc., whose depths 
may be readily fathomed. To get on or off soundings, to 
get into or beyond water where the bottom can be touched 
by sounding ; figuratively, to enter into a subject or topic 
which one is or is not competent to discuss. To strike 
soundings, to find bottom with the deep-sea lead. 
sounding 2 (soun'ding), . [< ME. soundyng; 
verbal n. of sound 5 , v.] The act of producing 
a sound or a noise ; also, a sound or a noise pro- 
duced; specificallv, in music, compare sound 5 , 
v. i., 2. 
Musicians have no gold for sounding. 
Shalt., R.andJ.,iv. 5. 143. 
The Stage. 
After the second sounding [of the musicj. 
B. Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, Ind. 
sounding 2 (soun'ding), p. a. [Ppr. of sound 5 , 
v.] 1. Causing or producing sound; sono- 
rous; resounding; making a noise. 
Ay me ! whilst thee the shores and sounding seas 
Wash far away. Milton, Lycidas, 1. 154. 
2. Having a magnificent or lofty sound; hence, 
bombastic: as, mere sounding phrases. 
Keep to your subject close in all you say ; 
Nor for a sounding sentence ever stray. 
Dryden and Soames, tr. of Boileau's Art of Poetry, i. 182. 
SOUnding-board (soun'ding-bord), n. 1. A 
canopy over a pulpit, etc., to direct the sound 
of a speaker's voice toward the audience. See 
abat-voix. Also soundboard. 
Since pulpits fail, and sounding-boards reflect 
Most part an empty, ineffectual sound. 
Cowper, Task, iii. 21. 
2. In building, a board used in the deafening of 
floors, partitions, etc. See sound-boarding. 
3. Same as soundboard, 1. 
SOUnding-bottle (soun'ding-bot'l), n. A vessel 
for raising water from a great depth for exam- 
ination and analysis. It is generally made of wood, 
and has valves opening upward in the top and bottom. It 
is fixed on the sounding-line over the lead, so that the 
water passes through it as the line descends ; but when it 
is drawn up the force of gravity closes the valves, thus re- 
soup 
taining the contents. It often contains a thermometer 
for showing the temperature below the surface, 
sounding-lead (soun'ding-led), n. The weight 
used at the end of a sounding-line. 
sounding-line (soun'ding-lin), n. A line for 
trying the depth of water. 
sounding-machine (soun'ding-ma-shen"), n. A 
device for taking deep-sea soundings. See 
sounding-post (soun 'ding-post), n. Same as 
sound-post. 
sounding-rod (soun'ding-rod), H. A graduated 
rod or piece of iron used to ascertain the depth 
of water in a ship's pump-well, and conse- 
quently in the hold. 
soundismant, . A Middle English form of 
sandesni/ni. 
Then sent were there sone goundismen two 
To Priam, the prise kyng, purpos to hold. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), L 8866. 
soundless 1 (sound'les), a. [< sound* + -less.] 
Incapable of being sounded or fathomed ; un- 
fathomable. 
He upon your soundless deep doth ride. 
Shale., Sonnets, Ixxx. 
soundless 2 (sound'les), a. [< sound 5 + -less.] 
Having no sound; noiseless; silent; dumb. 
Cos. For your words, they rob the Hybla bees, 
And leave them honeyless. . . . 
Bnt. O yes, and soundless too ; 
For you have stol'n their buzzing, Antony. 
Shak., 3. C., v. 1. 86. 
sound-line (souud'lin), n. The tow-line car- 
ried down by a whale when sounding. 
soundly (sound'li), adv. [< sound 1 + -fy 2 .] In 
a sound manner, in any sense of the word sound. 
soundness (sound'nes), n. [< sound 1 + -ness.] 
The state of being sound, in any sense. =Syn. See 
soundl, a. 
sound-post (sound 'post), n. In musical in- 
struments of the viol class, a small cylindrical 
wooden prop orpillarwhich is inserted between 
the belly and the back, nearly under the treble 
foot of the bridge. Its purpose is to prevent the 
crushing of the belly by the tension of the strings, and to 
transmit the vibrations of the belly to the back. Its mate- 
rial, shape, and position are of great importance in deter- 
mining the quality and power of the tone. It is some- 
times called the instrument's soul or voice. Also sounding- 
post. 
sound-proof (sound'prof), a. Impervious to 
sound; preventing the entrance of sounds. 
It [silicate of cotton] is of great efficiency as a stuffing 
for sound-proof walls and flooring. Ure, Diet., IV. 293. 
sound-radiometer (sound'ra-di-om*'e-ter), n. 
An apparatus devised by Dvorak to show the 
mechanical effect of sound-waves, it consists of 
a light cross of wood pivoted with a glass cap upon a ver- 
tical needle, and carrying four pieces of card perforated 
with a number of holes, raised on one side and depressed 
on the other like those of a nutmeg-grater. The cross- 
vanes rotate rapidly when placed before the resonance- 
box of a loud-sounding tuning-fork. 
sound-register (sound'rej"is-ter), n. An ap- 
paratus for collecting and recording tones of 
the singing voice or of a musical instrument. 
It was invented in Paris in 1858. 
sound-shadow (sound'shad'6), n. The inter- 
ception of a sound by some large object, as a 
building. It is analogous to a light-shadow, but is less 
distinct, since sound-waves have much greater length 
than light-waves. 
For just as a high wall, a hill, or a railway-cutting often 
completely cuts off sounds by forming a sound-shadow. 
Pop. Sci. Ho., XXXI. 364. 
sound-wave (sound'way), n. A wave of con- 
densation and rarefaction by which sound is 
propagated in an elastic medium, as the air. 
See sound 5 and wave. 
sonnet, w. and r. A Middle English form of 
sound 5 . 
soup 1 (soup), v. and w. An obsolete or dialectal 
form of sup. 
soup 2 (sop), n. [= D. soep = MHG. G. suppe 
= Sw. soppa = Dan. suppe = Icel. supa, soup; 
< OF. (andF.) soupe, soup, broth, pottage, sop, 
= Pr. Sp. Pg. It. sopa, soup; < MD. soppe, sop, 
a sop, broth, D. sop, broth, = Icel. soppa = Sw. 
soppa, a sop : see sop. Soup% is a doublet of sop, 
derived through OF., while soupl, n., is a na- 
tive variant of sup.] 1. In cooKery, originally, 
a liquor with something soaked in it, as a sop 
of bread; now, a broth; a liquid dish served 
usually before fish or meat at dinner. The basis 
of most soups is stock ; to this are added meat, vegeta- 
bles, vermicelli, herbs, wine, seasoning, or whatever is 
chosen: as, cream soup; tomato soup; turtle soup. See 
julienne, purie, soup-maigre. 
Between each act the trembling salvers ring, 
From soup to sweet- wine. 
Pope, Moral Essays, iv. 162. 
