sous 
Perhaps she met Friends, and brought Pence to thy House, 
But thou shalt go Home without ever a Some. 
Prior, Down-Hall, st. S3. 
souse 1 (sous), n. [Early mod. E. also soitce, 
soioce, sowse; < ME. souse, sowse, var. of sauce: 
see sauce, n.] 1. Pickle made with salt; sauce. 
You have powder'd [salted] me for one year ; 
I am in some, 1 thank you ; thank your beauty. 
Beau, and Ft., Knight of Malta, ii. 1. 
2. Something kept or steeped in pickle ; espe- 
cially, the head, ears, and feet of swine pickled. 
And he that can rear up a pig in his house 
Hath cheaper his bacon, and sweeter his some. 
Turner, January's Husbandry, st. 2. 
I know she'l send me for 'em [ballads], 
In Puddings, Bacon, Sowse, and Pot-Butter, 
Enough to keepe my chamber all this winter. 
Brome, Antipodes, iii. 5. 
3. The ear: in contempt. [Now provincial or 
vulgar.] 
With souse erect) or pendent, winks, or haws ? 
Sniveling ? or the extention of the jaws ? 
Fletcher, Poems, p. 203. (HaUiweU.) 
souse 1 (sous), v. t. ; pret. and pp. soused, ppr. 
sousing. [Early mod. E. also souce; < ME. sow- 
cen, soiesen; a var. of sauce, v. Cf. souse 1 , n.] 
1. To steep in pickle. 
Thci sleen hem alle, and kutten of hire Eres, and sow- 
ten hem in Vynegre, and there of the! maken gret servyse 
for Lordes. Maitdeville, Travels, p. 261. 
Brawn was a Roman dish. ... Its sauce then was mus- 
tard and honey, before thefrequent use of sugar; nor were 
soused hogs-feet, cheeks, and ears unknown to those ages. 
W. King, Art of Cookery, letter ix. 
2. To plunge (into water or other liquid); cov- 
er or drench (with liquid). 
When I like thee, may I be sous'd over Head and Ears 
in a Horse-pond. Steele, Tender Husband, iii. 1. 
3. To pour or dash, as water. 
"Can you drink a drop out o' your hand, sir?" said 
Adam. . . . "No," said Arthur; "dip my cravat in and 
souse it on my head." The water seemed to do him some 
good. George Eliot, Adam Bede, xxviii. 
Soused mackerel See mackerel'. 
souse 2 (sous), v. ; pret. and pp. soused, ppr. 
sousing. [Early mod. E. also souce, sowce, souse; 
a var. (appar. by confusion with sousel, .) of 
source, v. Cf. souse' 2 , n.] I. intrans. 1. To 
swoop; rush with violence; descend with speed 
or headlong, as a hawk on its prey. 
Till, sadly souring on the sandy shore, 
He tombled on an heape, and wallowd in his gore. 
Spenser, F. Q., III. iv. 16. 
Spread thy broad wing, and souse on all the kind. 
Pope, Epil. to Satires, ii. 15. 
2. To strike. 
He stroke, he must, he foynd, he hewd, he lasht. 
Spenser, F. Q., IV. iii. 25. 
3. To be diligent, ffalliwetl. [Prov. Eng.] 
II. trans. To strike with sudden violence, as 
a bird strikes its prey; pounce upon. 
The gallant monarch is in arms, 
And like an eagle o'er his aery towers, 
To souse annoyance that comes near his nest. 
Shak., K. John, v. 2. 160. 
souse 2 (sous), n. [Early mod. E. also sowce, 
sowse; < souse 2 , v., but in def. 1 perhaps in part 
a var. of source, n. (in def. 1): see source.'] 1. 
A pouncing down ; a stoop or swoop ; a swift 
or precipitate descent, especially for attack: 
as, the souse of a hawk upon its prey. 
As a faulcon fayre, 
That once hath failed of her souse full neare, 
Remounts againe into the open ayre, 
And unto better fortune doth her selfe prepayre. 
Spenser, F. Q., II. xi. 36. 
So, well cast off; aloft, aloft, well flowne. 
now she takes her at the sowse, and strikes her 
Downe to the earth, like a swift thunder-clap 
Beywood, Woman Killed with Kindness (Works, II. 98). 
2. A blow; a thump. 
Who with few sowces of his yron flale 
Dispersed all their troupe incontinent. 
Spenser, F. Q., V. iv. 24. 
I'll hang the villain, 
And 'twere for nothing but the some he gave me 
Middleton (and others), The Widow, iv. 2. 
3. A dip or plunge in the water. HaMwell. 
[Prov. Eng. and U. S.] 
souse 2 (sous), adv. [An elliptical use of souse*, 
v. Of. sos2, adv.'] With a sudden plunge ; with 
headlong descent; with violent motion down- 
ward; less correctly, with sudden violence in 
any direction. [Colloq.] 
So, thou wast once in love. Trim ! said my Uncle Toby, 
smiling.-Sou*./ replied the corporal-overhead and ears 
an please your honour. Sterne, Tristram Shandy, viii. 19. 
As if the nailing of one hawk to the barn-door would 
prevent the next from coming down some into the hen- 
Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 224. 
SOU8e 3 t, i. See sous. 
5786 
SOUSe 4 (sous), . [Also source; said to be < F. 
sous, under (the r of source being then intru- 
sive): see sub-.'] In arch., a support or under- 
prop. Gicilt. 
SOUSe-wifet (sous'wif), w. A woman who sells 
or makes souse. 
Do you think, master, to be emperor 
With killing swine ? you may be an honest butcher, 
Or allied to a seemly family of souse-wives. 
Fletcher (and another!), Prophetess, i. 3. 
soushumber (sou'shum-ber), . A woolly and 
spiny species of nightshade, Solatium mum- 
mosum, of tropical America. It is a noxious 
weed, bearing worthless yellow inversely pear- 
shaped berries. [West Indies.] 
souslik (sos'lik), n. Same as suslik. 
SOUSOU, n. Same as siifnt. 
sou'-sou'-southerly, sou'-southerly (sou'sou- 
suTH'er-li, sou'suTH'er-li), n. Same as south- 
southerly. 
The swift-flying long-tailed duck the old squaw, or 
sou' -sou' -southerly, of the [Long Island] baymen. 
T. Itoosevelt, Hunting Trips, p. 63. 
soustenu, soutenu (sos'te-nu, so'te-nti), a. [F. 
soutenu, pp. of soutenir, sustain, hold up: see 
sustain.'] In her., noting a chief supported, as 
it were, by a small part of the escutcheon be- 
neath it of a different color or metal from the 
chief, and reaching, as the chief does, from side 
to side, as if it were a small part of the chief, 
of another color, supporting tne real chief. 
soutache (so-tash'), [F.] A very narrow 
flat braid, made of wool, cotton, silk, or tinsel, 
and sewed upon fabrics as a decoration, usu- 
ally in fanciful designs. 
soutaget, n. [Origin obscure.] Bagging for 
hops; coarse cloth. 
Take soutage or hater (that covers the Kelt), 
Set like to a manger, and fastened well. 
Tuner, Husbandry, p. 136. (Dames.) 
soutane (so-tan'), n. [< F. soutane, OF. sotane 
= Sp. sotana = Pg. sotana, sotaiiia = It. sot- 
tana, undershirt, < ML. subtana (also subta- 
neum), an under-cassock, < L. subtus, beneath, 
under: see sub-.'] Same as cassock. 
soutelt, . A Middle English form of subtle. 
soutenu, a. See soustenu. 
souter (sou'ter; Sc. pron. so'ter), n. [Former- 
ly also sowter, soutar; < ME. souter, soutere, sou- 
tare, sowter, < AS. sittere = Icel. sutari = OHG. 
sutari, suteeri, MHO. sitter (also in comp. MHG. 
schuoch-siitxr, Q. contracted schuster) (cf. Finn. 
situtari = Lapp, sutar, shoemaker, < G.), shoe- 
maker, < L. sutor, shoemaker, < suere, pp. sutus, 
sew: see sew 1 .] A shoemaker; a cobbler. [Old 
Eug. and Scotch.] 
The devel made a reve for to preche, 
And of a soutere shipman or a leche. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Reeve's Tale, L 50. 
A conqueror ! a cobbler! hang him sowter! 
Fletcher, Wildgoose Chase, iv. 3. 
souteresst (sou'ter-es), n. [< ME. souteresse; < 
souter + -ss.] A woman who makes or mends 
shoes ; a female cobbler. 
Cesse the souteresse sat on the benche. 
Piers Plowman (B), v. 315. 
SOUterly (sou'ter-li), a. [Formerly also sowterly; 
< souter + -fyl.] Like a cobbler; low ; vulgar. 
[Old Eng. and Scotch.] 
All smcterly wax of comfort melting away, and misery 
taking the length of my foot, it boots me not to sue for life. 
Jlaisinyer, Virgin-Martyr, iii. 3. 
SOUterrain (so-te-ran'), n. [F. : see subterrane.] 
A grotto or cavern under ground ; a cellar. 
Defences against extremities of heat, as shade, grottoes 
or souterrains, are necessary preservatives of health. 
Arbuthnot. 
south (south), n. and a. [< ME. south, sowthe, 
sothe, suth, n. (ace. south as adv.), < AS. suth, 
adv. (orig. the ace. or dat. (locative) of the noun 
used adverbially, never otherwise as a noun, 
and never as an adj., the form suth as an adj., 
given in the dictionaries, being simply the adv. 
(suth or suthan) alone or in comp., and the form 
*sutha, as a noun, being due to a misunder- 
standing of the adv. suthan), to the south, in 
the south, south; in comp. suth-, a quasi-adj., 
as in suth-dsel, the southern region, the south, 
etc. (> E. south, a.) ; = OFries. sud = MD. suyd 
D. zuid = OHG. sund, MHG. sunt, sud, G. siid = 
Icel. sudhr, sunnr = Sw. Dan. syd, south ; as a 
noun, in other than adverbial uses, developed 
from the older adverbial uses (cf. F. Sp. sud = 
Pg. sul, south, from the E.): (1) AS. suth = Icel. 
sudhr = Sw. Dan. syd, to the south, in the south 
south ; (2) AS. suthan (ME. suthen, suthe) = MD. 
suyden = OLG. sudhon, MLG. suden = OHG. 
sundana, MHG. sundene, sunden = Icel. suiman 
south 
= Sw. si/den = Dan. nihnli'ii, adv., prop, 'from 
the south,' but also in MLG. OHG. MHG. in 
the south'; also in comp., as a quasi-adj.; 
hence the noun, D. zuideti = MLG. suden = 
OHG. sundan, MHG. sunden, G. siul.cn, the south ; 
(3) = OS. siithar- = OFries. anther, stider, suer = 
OHG. fiundar, MHG. sunder- = Sw. stider, adv. 
or adj., south; OHG. sundiir, MHG. sunder = 
Icel. xudhr (gen. sudhrs) = Sw. sailer, n., south 
(cf. also southern, southerly, etc.); prob., with 
formative -Hi, from the base of AS. suunc, etc., 
sun: see sun 1 . For the variety of forms, cf. 
north, flint, icc.it.] I. n. 1. That one of the 
four cardinal points of the compass which is 
directly opposite to the north, and is on the left 
when one faces in the direction of the setting 
sun (west). Abbreviated S. 
A 2 Myle from Betheleem, toward the Sowthe, is the 
Chirche of Seynt Karitot, that was Abbot there. 
MandeviUe, Travels, p. 74. 
2. The region, tract, country, or locality lying 
opposite to the north, or lying toward the south 
pole from some other region ; in the broadest 
and most general sense, in the northern hemi- 
sphere, the tropics or subtropical regions; in 
Europe, the Mediterranean region, often with 
reference to the African or Asiatic coast. 
The queen of the south . . . came from the uttermost 
parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon. 
Mat. xii. 42. 
Bright and fierce and fickle is the Kmitli. 
And dark and true and tender is the North. 
Tennyson, Princess, iv. 
Specifically 3. [cap.] In U. S. hist, and poli- 
tics, the Southern States (which see, under 
state). 
"The fears that the northern interests will prevail at all 
times," said Edward Rutledge, " are ill-founded. . . . The 
northern states are already full of people ; the migrations 
to the fulfill are immense. Bancroft, Hist. Const., II. 289. 
4. The wind that blows from the south. 
Wherefore do you follow her, 
Like foggy south puffing with wind and rain? 
Shot., As you Like it, ill. 6. 50. 
The breath of the south can shake the little rings of the 
vine. Jar. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), I. 709. 
5. Eccles., the side of a church that is on the 
right hand of one who faces the altar or high 
altar. See east, 1, and epistle By south. See 
by 1 . Solid South, the Southern States in respect to their 
almost uniform adherence to the Democratic party after 
the reconstruction period. [U. 8.] Sons Of the South. 
See o?>l. 
II. a. 1. Being in the south; situated in the 
south, or in a southern direction from the point 
of observation; lying toward the south; pertain- 
ing to the south ; proceeding from the south. 
He ... shall go out by the way of the smith gate. 
Ezek. xlvL 9. 
The full outA-breeze around thee blow. 
Tennyson, Talking Oak. 
2. Eccles., situated at or near that side of a 
church which is to the right of one facing the 
altar or high altar South dial See dial. South 
end Of an altar, the end of an altar at the right hand of 
a priest as he stands facing the middle of the altar from 
the front : so called because in a church with strict ori- 
entation this end is toward the south. South pole. See 
poles, 2 and 7. South side of an altar, that part of the 
front or western side of an altar which intervenes between 
the middle and the south end ; the epistle side. The 
South Sea, a name formerly applied to the Pacific ocean, 
especially the southern portion of it : so called as being 
first seen toward the south (from the isthmus of Darien, 
where it was discovered by Balboa in 1513). 
One inch of delay more is a South-sea of discovery. 
Shak., As you Like it, iii. 2. 207. 
South Sea. arrowroot. See pias. South Sea bubble 
or scheme. See buWei. South Sea rose, the olean- 
der. [Jamaica.] South Sea tea. See tea. 
south (south), adv. [< ME. south, suth, < AS. 
sut h, adv., south: see south, .] Toward, to, or 
at the south; of winds, from the south. 
And-the seyd holy lond ys in length, North and Suth, ix 
score myle. Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travell, p. 38. 
Such fruits as you appoint for long keeping gather in a 
fair and dry day, and when the wind bloweth not south. 
Bacon. 
The ill-thief blaw the Heron smith ! 
Burns, To Dr. Blacklock. 
[Sometimes used with ellipsis of the following preposi- 
tion. 
The chimney 
Is south the chamber. Shak., Cymbeline, ii. 4. 81. 
When Phoebus gi'es a short-lived glow'r 
Far south the lift. Burns, A Winter Night ] 
Down south. See down?, adv. 
south (south), v. i. [< MM**, n. and ado.] 1. To 
move or veer toward the south. 2. In astron., 
to cross the meridian of a place: as, the moon 
souths at nine. 
The great full moon now rapidly southing. 
Jean Inyelmv, Fated to be Free, xxxvii. 
