sporophydium 
Sporophydium (spo-ro-fid'i-um), .; pi. .s 
lilHjiliit (-a). [NL. (T. F. Allen, 1888), < * 
spore, + Gr. Qvtiv, produce, + -ifiiav, dim. suf- 
fix.] In hot., in the Characex, a term applied 
to the whole fruit, including the spore proper, 
its basal cell, and the enveloping cells, it is the 
same, or nearly the same, :is the ant/ieridium of Sachs and 
Goebel, the sporaphtjas of Bnuui, the "enveloped oono. 
nium " of Celakowsky, and the sporangium of authors in 
general. Sec spermocarp. 
sporophyl, sporophyll (spo'ro-fil), n. [< NL. 
sporophyMtm,( spora, spore, + Gr. $i>//.ov, a leaf.] 
In hot., the leaf or leaf-like organ which bears 
the spores, or receptacles containing the spores, 
in many of the vascular cryptogams, it is usually 
more or less modified and unlike the normal leaves, as in 
the spikes of LycopoMum, Selayinella, OjpMogiomtm, etc. 
See cuts under these words, also under Osinunda, poly- 
pody, and sorus. 
sporpphyte (spd'rfi-flt). . [< NL. si><mt, spore, 
+ Gr. QVTOV, plant.] In bot., the segment or 
stage of the life-cycle of the higher cryptogams 
(Pteridophyta, Bryophyta) in which the non-sex- 
ual organs of reproduction are borne, it is a stage 
in what has been called the alternation of generations, and 
is the fern-plant, cluh-moss plant, etc., of popular lan- 
guage. Itbearsthesporesincountlessnumbers. Bysome 
authors the word spitrophore is used for sporophyte. Com- 
pare oijphijte and oophore. See Mu&ri. 
sporophytic (spo-ro-fit'ik), a. [< sporopliyte 
+ -ic.] In bot., belonging to, resembling, or 
characteristic of a sporophyte. 
sporosac (spo'ro-sak), i. [< NL. spora, spore, + 
L. saccus, sack: see sack*.] 1. In Hydrozoa, 
a degenerate medusiform person; one of the 
simple generative buds or gonophores of cer- 
tain hyclrozoans in which the medusoid struc- 
ture is not developed. Encyc. Brit., XII. 554. 
2. In Vermes, a sporocyst or redia. See spo- 
rocyst (l>). 
sporostegium (spo-ro-ste'ji-um), .; pi. sporo- 
stegia (-a). [NL., < spora, spore, + Gr. rsrkyeiv, 
cover, roof.] In bot., in the Characex, the char- 
acteristic spirally twisted or furrowed shell of 
the oospore. It is thick and hard, usually black or 
brown in color, and consists of five cells which arise from 
the base of the spore. It is the so-called Chara-fruit. 
sporous (spo'rus), a. [< spore? + -CMS.] In hot., 
of or pertaining to a spore. 
Sporozoa (spo-ro-zo'a), re. pi. [NL., < Gr. airopd, 
seed, + yov, an animal.] 1. Mouthless para- 
sitic corticate protozoans, a class of Protozoa, 
synonymous with Gregarinida, but more com- 
prehensive, including many organisms not or- 
dinarily classed with the gregarines. They are 
parasitic, and occur in almost all animals. Most are veiy 
minute, but some attain the largest size by far known 
among protozoans. The Sporozoa have been divided into 
four subclasses, Gregarinidea, Coccidiidea, Myxosporidia, 
and Sarcocystidia. Also called Cytozoa, 
2. [?. c.] Plural of sporozoon. 
sporozoan (spo-ro-zo'an), a. and n. [^(.Sporo- 
zoa + -an.'] 1. a. Having the characters of the 
Sporozoa; pertaining to the Sporozoa. 
II. n. A member of the Sporozoa. 
sporozoic (spo-ro-zo'ik), a. [< Sporozoa + -ic.~\ 
Same as sporozoan. 
sporozooid (sp6-ro-zo'oid), n. [< Gr. mrApof, 
seed, + zooid.] In biol., a zoospore. 
sporozoon (spo-ro-zo'on), n. ; pi. sporozoa (-&). 
[NL.: see Sporozoa.'] An in- 
dividual of the Sporozoa; a 
sporozoan. 
sporran (spor'an), . [< Gael. 
sporan = Ir. sparan, a purse,. 
pouch.] In Highland costume, 
the purse hanging down from 
the belt in front of the kilt. 
It is commonly of fur. In its present 
form, as a large and showy adjunct to 
the dress, it is not very old. See also 
cut under purse. 
sport (sport), v. [< ME. sport- 
en; by apheresis from dis- 
port.] I. trans. 1. To amuse; 
divert; entertain; make mer- 
ry: Commonly with a reflexive Sporran of the modern 
object. 
Ffor to sport hytn a space, & speike with tho kynges. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 7809. 
I shall sport myself with their passions above measure. 
B. Jonson, Cynthia's Revels, v 3. 
2f. To represent by any kind of play. 
Now sporting on thy lyre the loves of youth. 
Dryden, tr. of Persius's Satires, vi. 9. 
3. To display sportively or with ostentation ; 
show off ; show ; exhibit. 
By-aiid-by, Captain Brown sported a hit of literature. 
Mrs. Gaskell, Cranford, i. 
A man . . . must sport an opinion when he really had 
none to give. J. H. Newman. 
4. To spend in display. [Australia.] 
368 
I took him for a flash overseer sporting his salary, and I 
was as thick as you like with him. 
//. Kinydey, fieolfry Hninlyit, xxxi. 
5. To cause to sport, or vary from the normal 
type. Dawson, Geol. Hist, of Hants, p. i~>8. 
To Sport Offt, to utter sportively ; throw olf with easy 
and playful copiousness. 
lie thus sports off a dozen epigrams. Addisnn. 
To sport one's oak. Sec oak. to sport one's door. 
Same as to sport one's oak. 
Stop that, till I see whether the door is sported. 
Kinydc}/, Alton Locke, xiii. 
II. intraiis. 1. To divert one's self; play; 
frolic; take part in games or other pastimes; 
specifically, to practise (ield-sports. 
If you come to another mans house 
To sport and to playe. 
Bailees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 83. 
If all the year were playing holidays, 
To sport would be as tedious as to work. 
Shak., 1 Hen. I V., i. 2. 229. 
2. To jest; speak or act jestingly; trifle. 
He was careful! lest his tongue should any way digresse 
from truth, eilen when he most sported. 
Heywood, Hierarchy of Angels, p. 294. 
3. In zool. and lot., to become a sport; pro- 
duce a sport; vary from normal structure in 
a singular spontaneous manner, as an animal 
or a plant. See sport, n.,8. 
sport (sport), . [< ME. sport, spoort, sporte; 
by apheresis from disport.] 1. Amusement; 
enjoyment; entertainment; diversion; fun. 
Whan they had take hyr sporte in halle, 
The kyng to counselle gan hyr calle. 
Ipomydon (Weber's Metr. Romances, II. 303), 1. 601. 
For 'tis the sport to have the enginer 
Hoist with his own petar. 
Shak., Hamlet, iii. 4. 206. 
2. A mode of amusement; a playful act or 
proceeding; a pastime; a merrymaking ; a play, 
game, or other form of diversion. 
What man that I wrastele with, . . . 
I jeve him suche a trepett, he xal evyr more ly stillc, ffor 
deth kan no sporte. 
Coventry Plays (ed. Halliwell), p. 185. 
Devote old age 
To sports which only childhood could excuse. 
Covrper, Task, ii. 638. 
Specifically (a) A dramatic or spectacular performance. 
The shallowest thick-skin of that barren sort, 
Who Pyramus presented, in their sport 
Forsook his scene and enter'd in a brake. 
Shak., M. N. D., iii. 2. 14. 
At the beginning of the 16th century the May sports in 
vogue were, besides a contest of archery, four pageants, 
the Kingham, or election of a Lord and Lady of the 
May, otherwise called Summer King and Queen, the Mor- 
ris Dance, the Hobby Horse, and the "Robin Hood." 
Child's Ballads, V., Int., p. xxvii. 
(6) Any out-of-door pastime, such as hunting, fishing, ra- 
cing, or the various forms of athletic contests. 
Horse and chariots let us have, 
And to our sport. Madam, now shall ye see 
Our Roman hunting. Shak., Tit. And., ii. 2. 19. 
3. Jest, as opposed to earnest; mere pleasantry. 
In a merry sport 
. . . let the forfeit 
Be nominated for an equal pound 
Of your fair flesh. Shak., M. of V., i. 3. 146. 
Earnest wed with sport. Tennyson, Day-Dream, Epil. 
4f. Amorous dallying; wantonness. Shak., 
Othello, ii. 1. 230. 5. A plaything; a toy. 
Commit not thy prophetick mind 
To flitting leaves, the sport of every wind, 
Lest they disperse in air our empty fate. 
Dryden, Jineid.vi. 117. 
6. A subject of amusement, mirth, or derision ; 
especially, a mock ; a laughing-stock. 
Of slouth, there is no man ashamed, but we take it as for 
a laughynge matter and a sporte. 
Sir T. More, Works, p. 102. 
They made a sport of his prophets. 1 Esd. i. 61. 
7. Play; idle jingle. 
An author who should introduce such a sport of words 
upon the stage even in the comedy of our days would 
meet with small applause. 
W. Broome, Notes on Pope's Odyssey, ix. 432. 
8. In goal, and bot., an animal or a plant, or 
any part of one, that varies suddenly or singu- 
larly from the normal type of structure, and is 
usually of transient character, or not perpetu- 
ated. A sport is generally an individual variation of ap- 
parently spontaneous origin. The difference from the nor- 
mal type is usually slight, but may be quite marked ; in 
either case its tendency is to disappear with the indi- 
vidual in which it arises, though some sports repeat them- 
selves, or may be preserved by careful selection. If per- 
petuated, it becomes a strain, breed, or variety. Sports are 
observed chiefly among domesticated animals and culti- 
vated plants. Many of the beautiful or curious hothouse- 
flowers are mere sports, that are produced by high culti- 
vation, crossing, or accident, and some valued breeds of 
domestic animals have arisen in like manner. Monstrous 
characters are sometimes acquired,but mere monstrosities 
sportive 
or malformations arc not usually called sport*. Compare 
mmtaautty, -2 (), and freak of nature (under freak"). 
9. A sporting man; one who is interested in 
open-air sports ; hence, in a bad sense, abetting 
man; a gambler; a blackleg. [Colloq.] 
"The sports," by which is meant those who like fast 
living. Contemporary Ret., LI II. 22x. 
In sport, In jest: in play; jesting.-To make sport of 
or (formerly) at, to laugh at ; mock at ; deride. 
It were not good 
She knew his love, lest she make sport at it. 
Shak., Much Ado, iii. 1. r,s. 
= Svn. 1. Recreation, hilarity, mcniment, mirth, jollity, 
^ainboling. 2. Frolic, prank. 
Sportability (spor-ta-bil'i-ti), ii. [< xjiort/ible + 
-itji (see -biHty).] Frolicsoraeness; playfulness. 
Clinic. Sentimental Journey, p. 82. [Rare.] 
spqrtable (spor'ta-bl), a. [< sport + -able.] 
Mirthful; playful; frolicsome. Sterne, Tristram 
Shandy, ix. 6. [Rare.] 
sportalt (spor'tal), a. [< sport + -<t).] Of or 
pertainiugto sports; used in sports : as, "sportal 
arms," Dnjilcn. [Rare.] 
sportancet (spor'tans), . [< sport + -ance.] 
Sporting; merrymaking. Peelc, Arraignment 
of Paris, i. 3. 
sporter (spor'ter), n. [< sport + -erl.] Oue 
who or that which sports, in any sense of the 
verb. Goldsmith. 
sportful (sport'ful), a. [< sport + -fill.] 1. 
Frolicsome; playful; mirthful; merry. 
Down he alights among the sportful herd. 
Milton, P. L., iv. 396. 
2f. Amorous; wanton. 
Let Kate be chaste and Dian sportful. 
Shak., T. of the S., il. 1. 263. 
3. Tending to or causing mirth ; amusing; gay; 
also, designed for amusement only ; jesting ; 
not serious. 
Though 't he a sportful combat, 
Yet in the trial much opinion dwells. 
Shak., T. and C., i. 3. 335. 
sportfully (sport'fiil-i), adv. In a sportful man- 
ner; playfully; sportively; in jest. Sir P. 
Sidney, Arcadia, iii. 
sportfulness (sport'ful-nes), . The state of 
being sportful. Donne, Letters, To Sir Henry 
Goodyere, xxvii. 
sporting (spor'ting), n. [Verbal n. of sport, v.] 
1. A sport; a game; specifically, participation 
in horse-racing, sports of the field, etc. ; sports 
collectively, with all the interests involved in 
them. 
When that these pleasant sporting* quite were done, 
The marquess a messenger sent 
For his young (laughter and his pretty smiling son. 
Patient Grissel (Child's Ballads, IV. 211). 
2. In zool. and bot., spontaneous origination of 
new and singular characters; the appearance 
of a sport, or the assumption of that character 
by an individual animal or plant. See sport, 
v. i., 3, and ., 8. 
sporting (spor ' ting), p. a. 1. Engaging or 
concerned in sport or diversion ; specifically, 
interested in or practising field-sports: as, a 
sporting man. See sport, n., 9. 
The most famous sporting man of his time was Tregon- 
well Frampton, Esq., of Moreton, Dorsetshire, "The Father 
of the Turf," who was keeper of her Majesty's running 
horses at Newmarket, 
J. Ashton, Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, I. 306. 
2. In bot. and zool., assuming the character of 
a sport. See sport, ., S. Darwin, Var. of Ani- 
mals and Plants, p. 413 Sporting rifle. Seen/fe2. 
sporting-book (spor'ting-buk), . A book in 
which bets, etc., are recorded. 
sporting-house (spor'ting-hous), n. A house 
frequented by sportsmen, betting men, gam- 
blers, and the like. 
sportingly (sppr'ting-li), adv. In a sportive 
manner; sportively; in jest. Hammond, Works, 
I. 193. 
sportive (spor'tiv), a. [< sport, + -ive.] 1. 
Inclined toward sport; fond of sport or amuse- 
ment; frolicsome; playful. 
Is it I 
That drive thee from the sportive court? 
., All's Well, iii. 2. 109. 
2. Connected with amusement or sports; char- 
acterized by sport, mirth, or pleasantry. 
I am not in a sportive humour now. 
Shak.,C. of E., i.z. 5S. 
As from the sportive Field she goes, 
His down-cast Eye reveals his inward Woes. 
Prior, Henry and Emma. 
3f. Amorous; wanton. 
Why should others' false adulterate eyes 
Give salutation to my sportive blood? 
Shak., Sonnets, cxxi. 
