stand-offishness 
I i<,lil him 1 dill not like this pride and *t-init-i>Jli*h>iivx 
between man anil man, anil added that if a duke were to 
sneak to me I should try to treat him civilly. 
D. C. Murray, Weaker Vessel, xxxn. 
Stand-pipe (stanil'pip), n. 1. A vertical pipe 
erected at a well or reservoir, into which water 
is forced by mechanical means in order to ob- 
tain a head-pressure sufficient lo convey it to 
a distance. 2. A small pipe inserted into an 
opening in a water-main. 3. An upright gas- 
pipe connecting the retort and the hydraulic 
main. 4. In a steam-engine, a boiler supply- 
pipe elevated enough to cause water to now 
into the boiler in spite of the pressure of steam. 
5. A pipe on the eduction-pipe of a steam- 
pump to absorb the concussions due to the pul- 
sation and irregularities caused by the neces- 
sary use of bends and changes in the direction 
of pipes. 6. An upright pipe, open at the top, 
used in connection with a hot-water heating 
system to allow room for the expansion of the 
water when heated; an expansion-pipe. 7. A 
portable pipe used to afford a higfi head of 
water at fires. One section of a pipe is secured to 
trunnions, while other sections are kept In a rack, and 
attached when required. When the hose is coupled, the 
long pipe is raised by means of a wheel, and the lower 
end is connected with the water-supply. Another more re- 
cent form is a derrick, elevated by two cylinders and pis- 
tons analogous in construction to these parts in a steam- 
engine ; but the pistons are moved by the pressure of car- 
bonic acid gas, generated, immediately as wanted, from the 
reaction of sulphuric acid upon a solution of sodium bi- 
carbonate in a suitable generator. The pipe is elevated 
above the derrick by a wire rope, pulleys, and a hand- 
winch. A movable butt or nozle, which can be inclined 
to any desired angle up or down, or tunied In any direction 
horizontally, is controlled by a man on the lower platform 
of the derrick, ami a copious stream can thus be poured Into 
or upon the top of a tall building. Also called water-tower. 
Standpoint (stand'poiut), n. [Tr. G. stand- 
jninkt ; as stand + point 1 : a word objected to 
by purists.] The point at which one stands ; es- 
pecially, the position from which one's observa- 
tions are taken and one's opinions formed or de- 
livered; the pointof view; the mental situation. 
The attraction of different speakers from Sunday to Sun- 
day stimulates thought, each treating his theme from his 
own standpoint. A. B. Alcott, Table-Talk, p. 91. 
The great snare of the psychologist is the confusion of 
his own standpoint with that of the mental fact about 
which he is making his report. 
'. James, Prin. of Psychol., 1. 198. 
stand-rest (stand'rest), . A stool, bracket, or 
the like serving to support a person in an almost 
upright position, as the miserere in medieval 
stalls: applied especially to a contrivance like 
a high stool, but with the top or seat sloping 
instead of horizontal. 
standstill (staud'stil), . and a. [< utand still : 
see stand, v., and still 1 , a.] I. . A halt; a 
pause; a stop, especially in consequence of 
obstruction, exhaustion, or perplexity. 
In consequence of this fancy the whole business was at 
a stand-still. (jreeille, Memoirs, Nov. 29, 1823. 
II. . Deficient in progress or advancement; 
unprogressive : as, a standstill policy. 
stand-up (stand'up), a. 1. Standing; erect; 
upright; high. 
He was a tall youth now ; . . . he wore his tail-coat and 
his stand-up collars, and watched the down on hislipwith 
eager impatience. George Eliot, .Mill on the Floss, ii. 7. 
2. Specifically, in pugilism, noting a fair box- 
ing-match, where the combatants stand man- 
fully to each other, without false falls : as, a 
fair stand-up fight. 
His face marked with strong manly furrows, records of 
hard thinking and square stand-up lights with life. 
0. W. Holmes, Poet at the Breakfast Table, i. 
stane (stan), . An obsolete and dialectal 
(Scotch) form of stone. 
stane-raw (stan'ra), n. [Also staniraw, stein- 
raw, staney-rag, rock-liverwort, appar. < stane, 
stone, + raw (origin obscure).] A foliaceous 
lichen, I'armelia satatilis, used in the Scotch 
Highlands for dyeing brown; black crottles. 
[Orkney.] 
stang 1 (stang), n. [< ME. stange (prob. in part 
< Scand.), < AS. stieng,steng, stengc, a pole, rod, 
bar, stick, stake, = MD. stanghe, D. stang = 
MLG. stange = OHG. stanga, MHG. stange, G. 
stange, a pole, = Icel. stong (stang-) = Sw. stdng 
= Dan. stang, a pole, stang (cf . It. stanga, a bar, 
spar, < G.) ; < stingan (pret. stang), pierce, sting : 
see sting 1 . Cf. slang*.] 1. A wooden bar; a 
pole. [Obsolete or prov. Eng. or Scotch.] 
He halchez al hole the haluez to-geder, 
& sythen on a stif stange stoutly hem henges. 
Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1614. 
"Ye strake ower hard, Steenie I doubt ye foundered 
the chield." "Ne'er a bit," said Steenie, laughing; "he 
has braw broad shouthers, and I just took the measure o' 
them wi' the stang." Seott, Antiquary, xxvi. 
5902 
2f. The bar of a door. t'/orio. 3. A rod, pole, 
or perch used in the measurement of land. 
Sirit't, Gulliver's Travels, i. 2. [Prov. Eng.] 
Riding the stang, in Scotland and the north of England, 
a mode of punishing brutal or unfaithful (or, sometimes, 
henpecked) husbands, or other offenders, by carrying 
them mounted on a stang through the town, with an 
accompaniment of jeers and rough music. The culprits 
have sometimes suffered by proxy, or, latterly, only in 
effigy. 
Stang 1 (stang), r. t. [< stangl, n.] To cause to 
ride on a stang. 
This Word .Stony, says Ray, is still used in some Colleges 
in the University of Cambridge, to stang Scholars in Christ- 
mass Time being to cause them to ride on a Colt-staff or 
Pole, for missing of Chapel. 
Bourne's Pop. Antiq. (1777X p. 410. 
stang 3 (stang). >i. [< ME. stange, a sting; < sting 
(pret. stang), sting: see sting 1 .] 1. A sting. 
[Obsolete or Scotch.] 
Qnen the stanged mugt se 
The nedder on the tree ther hange, 
Thai ware al warisht of their staiiye. 
linlll Jlood (ed. Morris), p. 117. 
My curse upon thy venom 'd stang, 
That shoots my tortured gums alang. 
Burns, Address to the Toothache. 
2. The wee ver, a fish. Alaostangster. [Prov.] 
Stang 2 (stang), r. [< Icel. stanga, sting, goad, 
< stiing, a pole, stake: see stang 2 , n., and cf. 
stang 1 .] I. trans. To sting. 
The nedderes that ware fel 
Stanged the folk of Israel. 
Holy Rood (E. E. T. S.), p. 117. 
II. intrant. 1. To throb with pain; sting. 
Halliwell. 2. To cause a sharp, sudden pain; 
inflict a sting. 
But for how lang the flee may stang, 
Let inclination law that. 
Bunts, Jolly Beggars. 
[Obsolete or dialectal in all uses.] 
stang :! . An obsolete or dialectal preterit of 
stingl. 
stang 4 t, . An obsolete form of stank*. 
Stangeria (stan-je'ri-a), . [NL. (T. Moore, 
1853), named after Dr^Stangerot Natal, one of 
the first to collect specimens of the plant.] A 
genus of gymuospermous plants, of the order 
Cycadacese and tribe Zamiese, made by some a 
stanner 
Staniel (stan'yel), n. [Also stan yet, stannijel, 
also (with the consonant i or y following H 
assimilated to n) stannel, formerly s/annell, or 
assibilatcd to cli, stanrhrl, xtnncliil; < ME. stan- 
iel. stanyel, earlier "staiigelle, < AS. stdngi lln, 
.ttdngilla, a kestrel (erroneously used to gloss 
I.. peWeanvs) (= G. steingult, a staniel), < stdn, 
stone, rock, + "gella, "gi-l'ln, < gellan, gi/Utn, girl- 
laii, yell, scream, a secondary form related to 
galan, sing: see stone and yell, gale 1 . The word 
is thus nearly similar in its second element to 
nightingale 1 .' The E. form stone-gall is partly 
from the AS. with the long vowel retained, and 
partly (as to the 2d element) due to the G. form ; 
the form standgull, with the same terminal syl- 
lable, simulates stand, and the form staitdgalc 
(as if equiv. to icindhorer) is a simulated form, 
as if < tit/nut + (//?!.] The kestrel or wind- 
hover, Fulrn tiiiiniiii'iilna or Tinntinciili/s alaudn- 
riiis. See cut under 2'innnncnlnn. 
Fab. What a dish o' poison has she dressed him ! 
Sir To. And with what wing the staniel checks at it! 
Shak., T. N., ii. 5. 124. 
Stanielry (stan'yel-ri), . [(staniel + -ry.] The 
act or practice of hawking with staniels; igno- 
ble falconry. Lady A Union y, sig. 1. 4. (Nares. ) 
stank 1 (stangk), n. [E. dial, also assibilated 
*tont'A(see stanch?) ; < ME. stank, stane, staunke, 
x/iing, < OF. estang, F. etang (Walloon estank, 
stanlee) = Pr. estanc = Sp. estanquc = Pg. tanque 
(ML. stanca), a dam to hem in water, < L. xtiig- 
nnm, a pool of stagnant water: see stagnate, 
stagnant. Cf. stanclt^ ; also cf. tank.] 1. A body 
of standing water; a pool; a pond. [Obsolete 
or prov. Eng.] 
And alle be it that men clepen it a See, zit is it nouther 
See ne Arm of the See ; for it is but a Stank of fresche 
Watir, that is in lengthe 100 Furlonges. 
Mandeville, Travels, p. 115. 
Seint John seith that avowtlers shullen been in belle 
in a stank brennynge of fyr and of brymston. 
Chaucer, Parson's Tale. 
2. A tank; a ditch. [Prov. Eng. or Scotch.] 
stank 1 (stangk), v. t. [< stank 1 , n., or perhaps 
an unassibilated form of the related verb 
stanch 1 , q. y.] To dam up. Fletcher, Poems, 
form caudex, and leaf-segments with a strong midrib and 
numerous unbranched or forking nerves. There are one or 
two species, natives of Natal. They are singular plants with 
the smooth irregular trunk only about a foot high or nearly 
subterranean, from which rise a few coarse long-stalked 
pinnate fern-like leaves, inflexed in the bud, the leaflets 
straight in the bud, linear-lanceolate, scalloped, spiny- 
toothed or cleft, and traversed by parallel forking veins. 
The fruit, a thick downy strobile or cone, is borne on a 
stalk surrounded by circular concave woolly bract* over- 
lapping in two or three ranks. The male plants bear cy- 
lindrical cones with numerous stamens on the under side 
of their compound scales. & paradoxa, in allusion to 
its thick, round caudex, is called Hottentots-head; small 
articles, as necklaces and snuff-boxes, are sometimes made 
from its seeds. 
stanhope (stan'hop), w. [So called after a Mr. 
Htanhupe, for whom it was orig. contrived.] A 
light two-wheeled carriage without a top. 
When the carriages met again, he stood up in his stan- 
hope, . . . ready to doff his hat. 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair, xix. 
Stanhopea (stan-ho'pe-a), n. [NL. (Frost, 
18l>9), named after Philip Henry, Earl Stanhope, 
president of the London Medico-botanical So- 
ciety.] A genus of orchids, of the tribe Vandese, 
type of the subtribe Stanhopiex. It is character- 
ized by a loose raceme of a few large flowers with spread- 
ing and nearly equal sepals, a thick fleshy lip which is 
commonly wavy or twisted, a straight erect or incurved 
column usually prolonged and two-winged above, and 
pollinia with flattened stalks and scale-shaped glands. The 
peculiar lip is highly polymoiphous and complex, bearing 
lateral lobes which are often thickened into a solid mass 
forming a spherical, oblong, or saccate hypochilium, a 
middle lobe or epichilium which is itself often three-lobed 
and attached by a distinct joint, and sometimes at its 
base other appendages, lobes or horns the metachiliura. 
There are about 20 species, natives of tropical America 
from Brazil to Mexico. They are epiphytes with very 
short stems bearing many sheaths and a single large pli- 
cate leaf. The stem soon thickens into a fleshy pseudo- 
bulb, from the base of which the flower-stem proceeds. 
The flowers are very remarkable for their structure, size, 
and rich colorings, usually brown-spotted, yellow, or pur- 
le ; for their great fragrance, whence the recently intro- 
uced perfume called stanhopea; and for their growth 
downward, not upward as in ordinary plants a habit first 
discovered by the accidental breaking of a flower-pot in 
which the blossoms had buried themselves in the earth. 
They are now cultivated under glass in hard-wood baskets 
with interstices through which the flowers protrude. 
Stanhope lens, press. See lens, press^. 
stanhoscope (stan'hp-skop), n. [< Stanho(pe 
kns) + Gr. moireiv, view.] A form of simple 
magnifying-glass, a modification of the Stan- 
hope lens, in which the surface away from the 
eye is plane instead of convex. 
fttanke; < OF. estanc, tired, = Pr. estanc, still, 
immovable, = It. stance, tired; cf. Sp. estanco, 
= Pg.estanqne, water-tight, stanch: seesrnwc/i 3 . 
staunch?, a doublet of stank?.] Exhausted: 
weary, f'lorio; Spenser, Shep.C&}., September. 
stank' 3 t (stangk). Old preterit of stink. 
The moor-hen or gallinule, Gallinula chloropus. 
[Scotch.] 
stankie (stang 'ki), n. Same as stank-lien. 
[Scotch.] 
stannaburrow (stan'a-bur"6), n. [Prop, slan- 
nerburrow, < stanner + burrow?, 1, 2.] See the 
quotation (the etymology there suggested is 
erroneous). 
Leaving the stream a little to the right, we shall notice 
several small heaps of stones placed at intervals along 
the slope. These little mounds, which are met with in 
various parts of Dartmoor, are called by the moor-men 
stannaburroirs, which name is probably derived from the 
same root as the word stannary, and they were probably 
tin bounds set up by the miners. 
W. Crossing, Ancient Crosses of Dartmoor, p. 69, quoted 
[in N. and Q., 7th ser., V. 46. 
stannary (stan'a-ri), a. and . [Also stiin- 
iiery; < ML. stdnnaria, a tin-mine, < L. stan- 
niim, tin: see stannum.] I. fl. Relating to tin, 
tin-mines, or the working of tin : as, "stannary 
courts," Blackstone, Com., III. vi Stannary 
court, a court instituted at a very early period in English 
history for the purpose of regulating the affairs of the 
tin-mines and tin-miners of Cornwall. 
II. H. ; pi. stannaries (-riz). A region or 
district in which tin is mined: the English form 
of the Latin stannaria (or stammaria, as writ- 
ten in a charter of the third year of King John, 
1201). The miners themselves were called 
stannatores or (rarely) stammatores. 
For they wrongfully claim all the County of Devon to 
be their Stannary. 
Petition to Parliament. 1 Ed. III., MS. In Rec. Office, 
[quoted in De La Beche's Oeol. Rep. on Cornwall. 
If by public laws the mint were ordained to be onely 
supplied by our stannaries, how currently would they pass 
for more precious than silver mines ! 
Bp. Halt, Select Thoughts, 17. 
stannate (stan'at), H. [< stann(ie) + -ate 1 .] A 
salt of stannic acid, 
stannel (stan'el), . See staniel. 
stanner (stan'er), . [Origin obscure.] A 
small stone: in the plural, gravel. Jamieson. 
[Scotch.] 
