stannery 
stannery 1 , ". and . 
Stannery- (stan'er-i), a. [ME. st<ain[e]ry ; < 
xlanner +-J/ 1 .] Gravelly; stony. PaUadius, 
Husbondrie (E. E. T. 8.), p. 86. ' [Obsolete or 
Scotch.] 
Stannic (stan'ik), a. [= F. xlimniqur; < I,, xtmi- 
ii ii HI, tin, + -it:'] Of or pertaining to tin; pro- 
cured from tin: specifically applied to those 
compounds in which tin appears as a quadriv- 
alent atom: as, xtitniiii- acid, SnO(OH)o. a hy- 
drate obtained from stanuotis oxid,whicn unites 
with bases to form salts called simulates. 
stanniferous (sta-nif'e-nw), <i. [< L. xtaiinitm, 
tin, + frrrc = E. lear^.] Containing or afford- 
ing tin. 
stannine (stan'in), . [< L. xtttunmn, tin, + 
-iiie 2 .] A brittle steel-gray or iron-black ore of 
tin, of a metallic luster, consisting of the sul- 
phids of tin, copper, and iron, and generally 
zinc, found in Cornwall; tin pyrites. Also 
called, from its color, bell-metal ore. 
stannite(stan'it),. [<L.anwn,tin,+ -ite?.] 
Same tmxtiiHiiine. 
stannotype (stau'o-fip), H. [< L. stannum, tin, 
+ Gr. ri'Tof, type.] In pJiotog., a picture taken 
on a tin plate ; a tin-type or ferrotype. Imp. 
Diet. 
stannous (stan'us), a. [< L. Mtaniium, tin, + 
-ous.] Of, pertaining to, or containing tin : spe- 
cifically applied to those compounds in which 
tin appears as a bivalent atom: as, stannoitx 
oxid, or protoxid of tin (SnO). 
stannum (stan'um), n. [L. stannum, stat/iium, 
tin, also an alloy of silver and lead (> It. stu- 
gno = Sp. estaitu = Pg. cxttiulio = Pr. estanli = 
F. etain, tain, tin) ; perhaps the same as L. stag- 
n n HI , pool, applied to a mass of fluid metal : see 
stank'-, stagnate. Cf. Bret, stenn = Corn, stettn 
= W. ystacn = Gael, staoin = Manx staiinii/, 
tin (< L. f ) : see tin.'] Tin. 
Stannyel, . See stanicl. 
Stant 1 f. A contracted form of standeth, third 
person singular present indicative of stand. 
Stant 2 (slant), n. Same as sten&. 
stantiont (stan'shon), n. [Appar. a var. otstaii- 
i-liion.] Same as stemson. 
stanza (stan'za), . [Formerly also stanso, 
staiize (= Sp. esiancia = G. stance = F. stance), 
in def. 2; < It. stanza, Olt. stantia, prop, an 
abode, lodging, chamber, dwelling, stance, also 
a stanza (so called from the stop or pause at the 
end of it), < ML. stantia, an abode: see stance.] 
1. PI. stanse (-ze). In arch., an apartment or di- 
vision in a building ; a room or chamber : as, the 
stanze of Kaphael in the Vatican. 2. lu versifi- 
cation, a series of lines arranged in a fixed or- 
der of sequence as regards their length, metri- 
cal form, or rimes, and constituting a typical 
group, or one of a number of similar groups, 
composing a poem or part of a poem. Stanza is 
often used interchangeably with strophe strophe, how- 
ever, being used preferably of ancient or quantitative, 
and stanza of modern or accentual and rimed poetry. In 
the latter the stanza often consists of lines identical in 
form throughout, the arrangement of rimes alone denn- 
ing the group of lines. Such a stanza is not properly a 
strophe. A couplet is not regarded as a stanza, and a 
Staftlt 
triplet is rarely so designated, 
viated tt. 
Compare umte. Abbre- 
Horace . . . confines himself strictly to one sort of verse, 
or stanza, in every Ode. Dryden, Misc., Pref. 
Stanzaed (stan'zad), a. [<stoza + -ed 2 .] Hav- 
ing stanzas; consisting of stanzas: as, a two- 
stanzaed poem. 
stanzaic (stan-za'ik), a. [< stanza + -ic."] Con- 
sisting of or relating to stanzas; arranged as a 
stanza. E. C. Stedman, Viet. Poets, p. 381. 
stanzic (stan'zik), a. [< stanz-a + -ic.] Same 
as stanzaic. E. Wadlwm, Eng. Versification, 
p. 92. 
stanzot (stan'zo), n. An obsolete form of 
stanza. Shak., As you Like it, ii. 5. 18. 
stapet, a. See stapen. 
stapedial (sta-pe'di-al), a. [< NL. stapedins + 
-al.] 1. Stirrup-shaped: as, the stapedial bone 
of the ear. 2. Pertaining to the stapes or its 
representative, whatever its form Stapedial 
ligament, the annular ligament of the stapes, connecting 
the foot or base of the stirrup with the margin of the 
fenestra ovalis. Stapedial muscle, the stapedius. 
Stapedial nerve, a tympanic branch of the facial which 
innervates the stapedial muscle. 
Stapedifera (stap-e-dif'e-ra), w. pi. [NL. 
(Thacher, 1877), neut. pi. of stapedifer: see 
stapediferous.] Those animals which have a 
stapes, as mammals, birds, reptiles, and am- 
phibians ; all vertebrates above fishes. 
stapediferous (stap-e-dif'e-rus), (t. [< NL. 
stapedifer, < ML. stapes, a stirrup, + "L.ferre = 
5903 
E. ftcnrl.] Having a stapes : of or pertaining to 
the HIll/iKlifi I'll. 
stapedius (sta-pe'di-us), . ; pi. nl/ijin/ii (-i). 
| M>.. < ML. tmpeg, a stirrup: see Ktiificx.] The 
stupedial muscle; a muscle of the tympanum 
actuating the stapes of sumc animals. i u man 
the stapedins arises from a cavity hollowed out in tlie 
pyramid of the petrosal Iione ; its tendon pusses out of a 
little hole In tbe apex of the pyramid, and is inserted into 
the neck of the stapes. Its action draws the head of the 
stapes backward, and also causes the stapes to rotate a 
little Dii u vertical axis drawn through its own center. The 
name is correlated with infiuliim and inalledius. See cut 
under fiyoid. 
Stapelia (sta-pe'li-ji), . [NL. (Linnaeus, 1737), 
named after i. B. van Stapel, a Dutch physician 
and botanist (died 1636).] A genus of gam<>- 
petalous plants, of the onleT.4sctepiadaceir,\y]>f 
of the tribe Stapeliese. It is characterized by flowers 
with a wheel-shaped or reflexed corolla without appen- 
dages between the five valvate lobes, and with the tube 
short and broadly 
bell-shaped or almost 
wanting, and by a 
double corona, the 
outer of five horizon- 
tally spreading lobes 
alternate with the 
anthers, the inner of 
five scales produced 
into erect or arching 
horns. There are 
over 70 species, na- 
tives of South Africa. 
Their short fleshy 
leafless stems are 
produced into four 
prominent angles, 
which are coarsely 
toothed, sometimes 
bearing transient rudiments of leaves at the apex of the 
new growths. Numerous dark tubercles give the stems a 
grotesque appearance. Some are cultivated under glass 
for their beautiful and varied flowers, which are com- 
monly very large, some reaching 12 inches (S. yiyantea 
sometimes 14 inches) in diameter, of singular structure 
and often exquisitely marbled or dotted. In other species 
they are dingy or unattractive, usually coarse, thick, fleshy, 
and short-lived, and in most species exhale transiently u 
fetid odor as of carrion, attracting flies, which deposittheir 
eggs upon them in large quantities. Their colors are largely 
the livid-purple and lurid -red dish, yellow, and brownish 
hues which are associated with disagreeable odors also in 
Jtajftexia, Aristolochia, Amorphophallus, and others of the 
largest flowers. They are sometimes called carrion-flow- 
ers ; S. bufonia is known, from its blotches, as toad-flower; 
and S. Asterias, from its spreading narrow-parted corolla, 
as starfish-flower. 
Stapelieae (stap-e-li'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (End- 
licher, 1836),<<S'to;)eKa'+ -fa?.] A tribe of gamo- 
petalous plants, of the order Asclepiadacese. it 
is characterized by valvate and commonly fleshy corolla- 
lobes, waxy erect or laterally placed pollen-masses soli- 
tary in each anther-cell, and obtuse or retuse unappen- 
daged anthers, closely incumbent over the disk of the 
stigma or partly immersed in it. The 16 genera are plants 
commonly with short, thick, fleshy stems, coarsely angled 
or tubercled, without leaves except in the East Indian 
genus Frerea; one genus, Boucerosia, extends into Eu- 
rope in Spain and Sicily ; the others, as Stapelia, the type, 
are mostly South African. 
Stapent, stapet, a. Stepped; advanced. Chau- 
cer, Merchant's Tale, 1. 270. 
stapes (sta'pez), n. [NL., < ML. stapes, a stir- 
rup, < OHG. stapf, staph = D. stop, etc., a 
step: see step, and cf. stuffier."} In zool. and 
anat., the inmost one of the three auditory os- 
sicles of man and other mammals, situated in 
the tympanum, or middle ear. The stapes is con- 
nected on the one hand with the incus, and on the other 
with the fenestra ovalis, and is moved by a small muscle 
called the stapedius. The name is derived from the close 
resemblance in shape of the human stapes to a stirrup. 
eat 
Stapes, three times natural size. 
i. Of Man (the surface of its foot separately shown), a. Of Seal 
(Pltoca vitulina). 3. Of Chick (its foot separately shown, and car- 
tilaginous parts in dotted outline) : m.st, mediostapedial part, form- 
ing with st the stapes proper (columella) ; f. st, extrastapedial pan ; 
i.st, infrastapedial part ; s.sf, suprastapedial part. 
In man the bone presents a head, with a little fossa for 
movable articulation with the orbicular incudal bone ; a 
neck or constricted part; two branches, legs or crura; 
and an oval base or .foot. This bone is morphologically 
one of the proximal elements of the hyoidean arch. The 
corresponding element in birds and reptiles is very dif- 
ferently shaped, and is sometimes called stapes, oftener 
columella. It is rod-like or columellar,with an expanded 
base fitting the fenestra ovalis, the other end usually 
showing a cross-bar. Parts of such a stapes are distin- 
guished as mediostapedial, the main shaft ; extrastapedial, 
the part beyond the cross-bar ; infrastapedial, the lower 
arm of the cross-bar ; and suprastapedial, the upper arm 
staphylinine 
of the cross-bar the last being supposed to represent 
tile incus of mammals. Some ni th.M ]i:n is may '" want- 
ing, 'ir only replvhriitcd by :t liyaniflit, or enali MT<! with 
a part of the nianilibiilar alvli. The stapes or columella 
furnishes the primitive actual u- virluitl connection of the 
hyiiidean arch wittl tile periotie capsule. So- .*/n, 
i'l:nii<-Ufi, :', ih}. ami ruts uniUT luinnl., I'yl/Knii'l.'f, ami 
lymponio. Annular ligament of the stapes, see 
li'initK'itt anil *r<tji<'<l<l. 
Staphisagria (staf-i-siig'ri-ii), . [XL. (Tra- 
gns. lf)4<i). < ML. ftaphisaffria, staphugaffria, 
xlinixdiii-itt, etc.; prop, two words, xin^iliis injriu. 
< (Jr. as i! iiia: <rraffl/f, a dried grape. 
a raisin, also (in L. sttipliix) the plant staves- 
acre; dj'pi'a, fern, of <i; /<. wild, < jp<f, a field. 
the country. The E. form of the name is 
sturmiicrc, <j. v.] A former genus of polypeta- 
lous plants, of the order l!ininiifiiliii-i-;r. It is now 
classed as a section of the genus Delphinium, and as snrh 
distinguished by a short spur, from three to five ovaries 
forming bladdery few-seeded capsules, and biennial habit. 
Be />'//./ ( /'i/"m ami .'Mrrx'fr/v, al>o "i/ilmi-nl ';/ xlnu'xacre 
(under ointment). 
staphisagric (staf-i-sag'rik), a. [< StapMtagria 
+ -ic.] Contained in or derived from Ntaphi- 
.<ni/riii. Kiii'i/i'. UK I. 
staphisagrine (staf-i-siig'rin), . [< xtaphi- 
xai/ria + -ic 2 .] A poisonous amorphous alka- 
loid, soluble in ether and in water, obtained 
from Delphinium StapMsagria, or stavesacre. 
staphyle (staf'i-le), . [NL., < Gr. ara^v'/ii, a 
bunch of grapes, also the uvula when swollen.] 
The uvula. 
Staphylea (staf-i-le'a), . [NL. (Linnseus, 
173* ), abridged trom^id/iliijlodeiidron (Tourne- 
fort, 1700), < L. stajiliylodendron, a shrub thought 
to have been S.piiinata; prob. so named from 
its clustered fruit, < Gr. ora^i'/r/, a bunch of 
grapes, + iivSpov, a tree.] A genus of poly- 
petalous plants, type of the order Staphylcacesr. 
It is characterized by an ovary which is two- or three-part- 
ed to the base, contains numerous biseriate ovules, and 
ripens into an inflated and bladdery membranous capsule, 
discharging its few seeds at the apex of the two or three 
lobes. There are 4 species, natives of Europe, the Hima- 
layas, Japan, and North America. They are shrubs with 
numerous roundish branches, bearing opposite stipulate 
leaves, each composed of from three to five leaflets, which 
are involute in the bud and are furnished with stipels. The 
white flowers, with five erect petals, hang from nodding 
panicles or racemes. The large and peculiar fruit is the 
source of the common name bladder-nut. (See cut under 
nectary.) S. pfnnata, also called bag-nut, common in 
hedgerows and thickets in Europe, bears hard smooth nuts 
sometimes used for rosaries. 
Staphyleaceae (staf'i-le-a'se-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(A. P. deCandolle, 18'25), < Staphylea + -acex.] 
An order of polypetalous plants, of the cohort 
Sapindales, long classed as a suborder of the 
tiapindacese, from which it is distinguished by 
its regular bisexual flowers with the five sta- 
mens inserted outside of the base of the disk, by 
albuminous and sometimes arillate seeds with 
a straight embryo, and by opposite simple or 
compound leaves. It includes 16 species, of 4 genera, 
of which Staphylea is the type ; of the others, Turpinia in- 
cludes a number of small trees and shrubs with roundish 
berry-like fruit, mostly of tropical Asia and America, and 
Ettscaphis a few Japanese shrubs bearing coriaceous fol- 
licles. See cut under bladder-nut. 
staphyline (staf'i-lin), a. [< Gr. ara<i>r/-tvof, of 
or pertaining to a bunch of grapes, < oTaQv/iy, a 
bunch of grapes, also the uvula.] 1. Having 
the form of a bunch of grapes; botryoidal. 2. 
Pertaining to the uvula or to the entire palate. 
Staphyline glands, palatine glands. 
staphylinid (staf-i-lin'id), n. and a. I. n. A 
rove-beetle, as a member of the Staphylinidx. 
II, a. Of or pertaining to the family Stapnij- 
linidse; staphylinine. 
Staphylinidae' (staf-i-lin'i-de), n. pi. [NL. 
(Leach, 1817), < StapliyUnus + -irfa?.] A large 
and important family of brachelytrous clavi- 
corn beetles, commonly called rare-beetles. They 
resemble the Pselaphidte in having short elytra, but dif- 
fer in having the abdomen flexible and consisting of eight 
ventral segments. The antennie are generally eleven- 
jointed, the labial palpi three-jointed, and the maxillary 
four-jointed. The short truncate elytra usually leave 
most of the abdomen exposed, and this, when the beetles 
are disturbed, is turned up over the back, as if the insects 
were about to sting. A familiar example is the Ocypus 
olens, known as the cocHail and devil's coach-horse. (See 
Goerius, and cut under devil.) Some species discharge an 
odorous fluid from the tip of the abdomen. Thelarvse re- 
semble the adults, and are found under bark, in fungi, de- 
caying plants, and the excrement of animals, in ants' nests, 
hornets' nests, and the nests of certain birds. It is one 
of the largest and most wide-spread of the families of Cole- 
optera. About 1,000 species are known in America north of 
Mexico, and about 5,000 in the whole world. Also Staphi- 
linides, Staphylini, Staphylinite, StaphffHnida, Staphyhnii, 
Staphylinitfg. See cuts under Homalium and rove-beetle. 
staphyliniform (staf-i-lin'i-form), a. [< NL. 
StapnyKiHia, q. v., + L. forma, form.] Resem- 
bling a rove-beetle ; related to the Stapliylinidse. 
staphylinine (staf-i-lin'in), a. Of or pertain- 
ing to the StapJiylinidse. 
