starve 
3. To perish with cold ; die from cold or ex- 
posure; suffer from cold. [Now chiefly Eng.] 
Starviti'j with cold as well as hunger. 
Irving. (Imp. Diet.) 
4. To suffer for lack of anything that is need- 
ed or much desired ; suffer mental or spiritual 
want; pine. 
Though our soules doe titerve 
For want of knowledge, we doe little care. 
Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.), p. 15. 
I ... starve for a merry look. Shalt., C. of E., ii. 1. 88. 
II. trims. 1. To cause to perish with hun- 
ger; afflict or distress with hunger; famish; 
hence, to kill, subdue, or bring to terms by 
withholding food or by the cutting off of sup- 
plies : as, to starve a garrison into surrender. 
Whilst I have meat and drink, love cannot starve me. 
Fletcher, Wildgoose Chase, i. 3. 
2. To cause to perish with cold ; distress or 
affect severely with cold; benumb utterly; 
chill. [Now chiefly Eug.] 
Alle the mete he sayes at on bare worde, 
The potage fyrst with brede y-coruyn, 
Couerya horn agayn lest they ben sturuyn. 
Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 324. 
That kiss is comfortless 
As frozen water to a starved snake. 
Shale., Tit. And., iii. 1. 252. 
From beds of raging fire to starve in ice 
Their soft ethereal warmth. Milton, P. L., ii. 600. 
What a sad fire we have got, and I dare say you are both 
starved with cold. Jane Austen, Mansfield Park, xxxviii. 
3. To cause to perish through lack of any 
kind; deprive of life, vigor, or force through 
want; exhaust; stunt. 
If the words be but becoming and signifying, and the 
sense gentle, there is juice; but, where thatwanteth, the 
language is thin, flagging, poor, starved. 
B. Jonson, Discoveries. 
The powers of their minds are starved by disuse. Locke. 
Starved rat, a pika, Lagamyt princeps. See cony, 4, and 
cut under Lagamys. [Local, U. S.] 
starve-acre (starv'a"ker), n. [< starve + obj. 
acre.] One of the crowfoots, Ranunculus arven- 
sis : so called as impoverishing the soil or indi- 
cating a poor one. Britten and Holland, Eng. 
Plant Names. [Prov. Eng.] 
starved (starvd), p. a. In her., stripped of its 
leaves; without leaves or blossoms: noting a 
branch of a tree used as a bearing. 
starveling (starv'ling), n. and a. [Formerly 
also starvling ; < starve T -ling 1 .'] I. n. A starv- 
ing or starved person; an animal or a plant 
that is made thin or lean and weak through 
want of nourishment. 
Such a meagre troop, such thin-chapp'd starvelings, 
Their barking stomachs hardly could refrain 
From swallowing up the foe ere they had slain him. 
Randolph, Jealous Lovers, iii. 4. 
Il.t n. Starving (from hunger or cold) ; hun- 
gry ; lean ; pining with want. 
Sending beards of souls starvling to Hell, while they 
feast and riot upon the labours of hireling Curats. 
Milton, Apology for Smectymnuus. 
starvent. An obsolete past participle of starve. 
Daniel (Arber"s Eng. Garner, I. 587). 
starver (star'ver), n. One who starves orcauses 
starvation. J. S. Mill, On Liberty, iii. 
starward (star' ward), adv. [< star 1 + -ward.'] 
To or toward the stars. Carlyle, Sartor Resar- 
tus, ii. 6. 
starward (star'ward), a. [< starward, adv.~\ 
Pointing or reaching to the stars. Blaekie, 
Lays of Highlands, etc., p. 92. (Encyc. Diet.) 
[Bare.] 
star-wheel (star'hwel), . 
teeth of which are V-shaped, 
with an angle of 60. Such 
wheels are now little used, except 
(a) in the winding-mechanism of 
the cloth-beams in some kinds of 
looms, where their teeth are en- 
gaged by clicks; (b) for some other 
special purposes, as in modifica- 
tions of the Geneva movement, 
etc. ; and (c) in clock-motions, the 
teeth of the star-wheel engaging 
with a pin on the hour-wheel, by 
which the star-wheel is intermit- 
tently turned along one tooth for every revolution of the 
hour-wheel : this movement is used in repeating-clocks, 
and also in registering-mechanism, adding-machines, etc. 
Star-wheel and Jumper, in horol., an arrangement of 
a star-wheel in relation with a pin on the minute-wheel, 
by which the snail is caused to move in an intermittent 
manner, or by jumps. 
Star-worm (star'werm), n. A gephyrean worm ; 
any one of the Gepnyrea. 
Starwort (star'wert), w. [< star 1 + wort 1 .] 1. 
Any plant of the genus FStcllaria, the species of 
which have white starry flowers; chickweed. 
A spur-wheel the 
d 
Star- wheel. 
drop ; b, pawl ; r, disk ; 
ii, star-wheel. 
5911 
See cut under Stellaria. 2. Any species of the 
genus Aster, the name alluding to the stellate 
rays of the heads. Specifically, in England, A. Tripn- 
lium, the sea-starwort, a salt-marsh species. The Italian 
starwort is A. Amelhts, of central and southern Europe. 
3. The genus Callitriche, more properly icuti r- 
xliini'ort. Also star-grass Drooping starwort, 
the blazing-star, Cham&lirium Carolinianum. J/iea.ly 
Starwort, the colic-root, Aletris farinosa. It is tonic, 
and in larger doses narcotic, emetic, and cathartic. Yel- 
low starwort, the elecampane. 
stasidion (sta-sid'i-on), w. ; pi. stasidia (-a). [< 
MGr. araoiihov, a stall, dim. of araotf, a stand- 
ing-place.] In the Gr. Ch., a stall in a church, 
as of a patriarch, hegumen, or monk. Origi- 
nally the stasidia seem to have been places for 
standing only (whence the name). 
stasimon (stas'i-mon), . ; pi. stasima (-ma). 
[< Gr. aram/iov (see def.), < ardatf, a standing, 
station.] In anc. Gr. lit., any song of the chorus 
in a drama after the parodos. The parabasis of a 
comedy is not, however, called a stasimon. Some authori- 
ties limit the use of the term to tragedy. The name is de- 
rived not, as stated by scholiasts, from the chorus's stand- 
ing still during a stasimon (which cannot have been the 
case), but from the fact that it was sung after they had 
taken their station in the orchestra. 
Stasimorphy (sta'si-mor-fi), . [< Gr. araaif, 
standing, 4- popipr/, form.] Deviation of form 
arising from arrest of growth. Cooke, Manual. 
Stasis (sta'sis), n. [NL.,< Gr. orAatf, a stand- 
ing, a stoppage/ iaravai, mid. and pass, "taraadtu, 
stand: seestand.] 1. In pathol., a stopping of 
the blood in some part of the circulation, as in 
a part of an inflamed area. 2. PI. staseis or 
stases. In the Gr. Ch., one of the sections 
(regularly three) of a cathisma, or portion of 
the psalter. At the end of each stasis Gloria Patri and 
Alleluia are said. The name probably comes from the 
pause (<rrnim-) in the psalmody so made. A stasis usually 
contains two or three psalms. See cathisma (a). 
stassfurtite (stas'fert-it), n. [< Stassfurt (see 
def.) + -!<e 2 .] A massive variety of boracite, 
found at Stassfurt in Prussia. It resembles in 
appearance a fine-grained white marble. 
stat. An abbreviation of statute or statutes : as, 
Rev. Stat. (Revised Statutes). 
statable (sta'ta-bl), a. [< state + -able.] Ca- 
pable of being stated or expressed. 
statal (sta'tal), a. [< state + -al.] Of, per- 
taining to, of considered in relation to a particu- 
lar State ; state, as distinguished from national. 
[Rare, U. S.] . . 
Statant (sta'tant), a. [< heral- 
dic F. statant, equiv. to OF. 
estant, standing, < L. *stan(t-)s, 
>pr. of stare, stand: see stand.] 
n her., standing still with all 
four feet on the ground sta- 
tant affronted See at gaze (6), under 
gaze. 
Statarian (sta-ta'ri-an), a. [< 
L. statarius, stationary, steady (status, stand- 
ing)^ -an.] Steady; well-disciplined. [Rare.] 
A detachment of your statarian soldiers. 
A. Tucker, Light of Nature, II. U. 23. 
Statarianly (sta-ta'ri-an-li), adv. [< statarian 
+ -ly 2 .] In a statarian manner. [Rare.] 
My statarianly disciplined battalion. 
A. Tucker, Light of Nature, II. ii. 23. 
statary (sta'ta-ri), a. [< L. statarius, station- 
ary, steady, < stare, stand.] Stated ; fixed ; set- 
tled. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., v. 23. 
state (stat), n. and a. [< ME. stat, staat, state, 
condition, existence, also estat, < OF. estat, esta, 
F. etat = Sp. Pg. estado = It. stato = MD. staet, 
D. staat = MLG. stat = G. staat = Sw. Dan. 
stat, state, the state, < L. status (statu-), man- 
ner of standing, attitude, position, carriage, 
manner, dress, apparel ; also a position, place ; 
situation, condition, circumstances, position 
in society, rank; condition of society, public 
order, public affairs, the commonwealth, the 
state, government, constitution, etc.; in ML. in 
numerous other uses ; < stare (pp. status, used 
only as pp. of the transitive form sistere), stand : 
see stand. The noun is in part (def. 15) appar. 
from the verb. Doublet of estate, status.'] I. n. 
1. Mode or form of existence; position; pos- 
ture; situation; condition: as, the state of one's 
health; the state of the roads; a state of un- 
certainty or of excitement; the present unsat- 
isfactory state of affairs. 
Nor shall he smile at thee in secret thought, 
Nor laugh with his companions at thy state. 
Shak., Lucrece, 1. 1066. 
see how fickle is their state 
That doe on fates depend ! 
The Legend of King Arthur (Child's Ballads, I. 64). 
Keep the state of the question in your eye. Boyle. 
state 
The solitude of such a iniml is its state of highest en- 
joyment. Iraimj, Sketch-Book, p. 29. 
The present conscious state, when I say "I feel tired," 
is not the direct state of tire; when I say "I feel angry," 
it is not the direct state of anger. 
'. James, Prin. of Psychol., I. 190. 
2. Political or social position or status; sta- 
tion ; standing in the world or the community; 
rank; condition; quality. 
These Italian bookes are made English, to bryng mis- 
chief enough openly and boldly to all states, greate and 
meane, yong and old, euery where. 
Ascham, The Scholemaster, p. 81. 
A train which well beseem'd his state, 
But all unarm'd, around him wait. 
Scott, Marmion, iv. 7. 
3. A class or order: same as estate, !). 
We hold that God's clergy are a state which hath been, 
and will be as long as there is a Church upon earth, ne- 
cessary by the plain word of God himself. 
Hooker, Eccles. Polity, ill. 11. 
Ep 
n 
Lion statant gar- 
dant. 
4. Style of living; mode of life; especially, 
the dignity and pomp befitting a person of high 
degree or large wealth. 
Do you know, sir, 
What state she carries? what great obedience 
Waits at her beck continually'? 
Fletcher, Mad Lover, L 1. 
5. Stateliness; dignity. 
The Abbess, seeing strife was vain. 
Assumed her wonted state again 
For much of state she had. 
Scott, Marmion, v. si. 
6f. A person of high rank ; a noble ; a person- 
age of distinction. 
The twelve Peeres or States of the Kingdome of France. 
1660. Hexham. 
Quoted in Babees Book(E. E. T. S.), Index, p. 120. 
First you shall see the men in order set* 
States and their Fawns. 
Middleton, Game at Chess, Prol. 
7t. A seat of dignity ; a dais ; a chair of state, 
usually on a raised plattorm, with or without a 
canopy ; also, this canopy itself. 
The state . . . was placed in the upper end of the hall. 
B. Jonson, Mask of Blackness. 
It is your seat ; which, with a general suffrage. 
[Offering Timoleon the state. 
As to the supreme magistrate, Sicily tenders. 
Massinger, Bondman, i. 3. 
The Queene Consort sat under a state on a black foot- 
cloth, to entertain the circle. 
Evelyn, Diary, March 5, 1685. 
8f. The crisis, or culminating point, as of a dis- 
ease; that point in the growth or course of a 
thing at which decline begins. 
Tumours have their several degrees and times; as be- 
ginning, augment, state, and declination. 
Wixeman, Surgery. 
9. Continuance of existence ; stability. 
By a man of understanding and knowledge the state 
thereof [of a land] shall be prolonged. Prov. xxviii. 2. 
10t. Estate; income; possession. 
I judge them, first, to have their states confiscate. 
B. Jonson, Catiline, v. 8. 
11. The whole people of one body politic ; the 
commonwealth: usually with the definite ar- 
ticle; in a particular sense, a civil and self- 
governing community ; a commonwealth. 
In Aleppo once, 
Where a malignant and a turban'd Turk 
Beat a Venetian and traduced the state. 
Shak., Othello, v. 2. 354. 
A State is a community of persons living within certain 
limits of territory, under a permanent organization, which 
aims to secure the prevalence of justice by self-imposed 
law. Woolsey, Introd. to Inter. Law, 36. 
12. The power wielded by the government of 
a country; the civil power, often as contrasted 
with the ecclesiastical: as, the union of church 
and state. 13. One of the commonwealths or 
bodies politic which together make up a federal 
republic, which stand in certain specified rela- 
tions with the central or national government, 
and as regards internal affairs are more or less 
independent. In this sense the word state is used chief- 
ly with reference to the several States (generally cap.) of 
the American Union, the United States of America. The 
relations between the individual states and the national or 
central government of Mexico, Brazil, and various other 
republics of the American continent are formed more or 
less closely on the model of the United States. Current 
designations or epithets of the States of the American 
Union are the following: Badger State, Wisconsin; Bay 
State, Massachusetts; Bayou State, Mississippi ; Bear State, 
Arkansas, California, Kentucky ; Big-bend State, Tennes- 
see; Blue-hen State, Delaware : Blue-law State, Connecti- 
cut; Buckeye State, Ohio; Bullion State, Missouri; Cen- 
tennial State, Colorado; Corn-cracker State, Kentucky; 
Cracker State, Georgia ; Creole State, Louisiana ; Dark and 
Bloody Ground, Kentucky; Diamond State, Delaware; Em- 
pire State, New York ; Empire State of the South, Georgia ; 
Excelsior State, New York; Freestone State, Connecticut; 
Garden State, Kansas; Golden State, California; Gopher 
State, Minnesota; Granite State, New Hampshire; Green 
Mountain State, Vermont ; Gulf State, Florida ; Hawkeye 
