F, If. 
of the stauroscope: as, stauroscopic examina- staver- (sta'ver), r. i. [Also staircr; < Dan. 
tion. SpotHsvoode, Polarisation, p. 113. stavre, trudge, stumble.] To stagger; totter. 
He [Carlyle] slept badly from overwork, "gaeing slaver- 
ing aboot the hoose at night," as the Scotch maid saiil. 
statuvolism r.iiir, stay 
StatUVOlism (sta-tu'vo-lizm), . [< 
rnl(cnt) + -turn.] Siime as statiirnli HIT. 
Hayes. 
Staumrel (stam'rel), a. [Cf. stammer.] 
pid ; half-witted ; blundering. Sums, Brigs of 
Ayr. [Scotch.] 
Staunch, stauncher, etc. See stancli, etc. 
Staunton's opening. In chess-playing. See 
/!/>< Itiltf/, 9. 
stauracin (sta'ra-siu), >i. [< ML. staurii< i iini.i. 
< MGr. *aTavpamvi)v, neut. of 'oTavpaxtvtif, per- 
taining to small crosses, < oravpaiaov, dim. of 
Gr. nravn&r a cross.] A silken stuff figured with 
small crosses, in use at the Byzantine court, g^pofChdydria^ '""*"'"* *"" "<W". to cure the stavers or staggers in horses". " Also 
and as a material for ecclesiastical vestments staurotypoilS (sta'ro-ti-pus), a. [< Gr. aravpof, *t"!l!H rimrt. 
elsewhere, in the early middle ages. a cross, + nVof, type.] In mineral., having Staves, n. A plural of staff tea/A the plural of 
Stauraxonia (sta-rak-so'ni-a), n. pi. [NL., < mackles or spots in the form of a cross. 
Gr. oratipof, a cross, + iftm, an axis.] In pro- Staurotypus (sta-rot'i-pus), w. [NL., < Gr. 
morphology, stauraxonial organic forms, as pyr- aravpuf, a cross, + nVoj, type.] A genus of 
amids. Stauraxonia homopola are figures with equal 
poles, whose stereometric figure is a double pyramid 
(two pyramids base to base). Stauraxonia heteropola are ,, ,^.-,, m , 01 W- . j 
, pile, 
ion, p. 11 
stauroscopically (sta-ro-skop'i-kal-i), adv. By 
Stu- means of the stauroscope: as, stauroscopically 
determined systems of crystallization. Froude, Carlyle (Life in London, I. iii.). 
staurotide (sta'ro-tid), . [< Gr. cravp6f, a stave-rime (stav'rim), . Alliteration; an al- 
cross, + -*- + -ide 2 .] Same as staurolite. literative word: used especially in treating 
Staurotypidae (sta-ro-tip'i-de), . pi. [NL., < of Anglo-Saxon and other ancient Germanic 
fftaiiroti/pim + -idse.] A family of tropical poetry. The .tradi-mi/. Jan. 14, 1888, p. 27. 
American cryptodirous tortoises, represented stavers (sta'verz), w. pi. [< stored.] The 
by the genera Stnitniti/piiii and CMMMWI*. They staggers, a disease of horses. See stagger, 3. 
have nine plastral bones, the carapace with epidermal StaverWOrt (sta'ver-wert), . The ragwort, 
single pyramids with dissimilar, usually anal and 
poles. When these have regular bases, they are Staurax- 
onia homostaura; when irregular, Stauraxonia hetero- 
staura. 
stauraxonial (sta-rak-so'iii-al), a. [< staurax- 
onia + -a?.] Having a main axis and a defi- 
nite number of secondary axes at right angles 
therewith, so that the stereometric figure is 
fundamentally a pyramid : correlated with cen- 
trajconial. 
Stauri, . Plural of staurus. 
Stauria (sta'ri-ii), n. [NL. (Edwards and 
Haime, 1850), < Gr. aravpof, a cross, a stake.] 
The typical genus of Stauriidie, having a com- 
pound astrffiiform corallum growing by calicu- 
lar gemmation, four cruciate primitive septa, 
and no columella. 
staurian (sta'ri-an), . [< Stauria + -an.'] 
Resembling or related to the genus Stauria ; 
of or pertaining to the Stauriidse. 
Stauriidae (sta-ri'i-de), . pi. [NL., < Stauria 
+ -idee."] A family of fossil rugose stone-cor- 
als, typified by the genus Stauria. The wall is 
well developed ; the septa are complete, lamellar, and 
conspicuously tetramerous. The interseptal loculi are 
crossed by endothecal dissepiments, and there is a cen- 
tral tabulate area. The genera besides Stauria are Halo- 
xlii r !. 
stavesacre (stavz'a"ker), n. [Early mod. E. 
a\so stavesaker ; < ME. staphisagre, < OF. staves- 
tortbises with a 'cruciform plastron, typical of ai 0> < ML. staphisagria, stapliysagrin, xtini*- 
the group Stourotypina or family Staurotypidse. </"', stafisagra, etc., < Gr. as if "araifiif aypia, 
Staurus (sta'rus), n.; pi. stauri (-ri). [JJL., < 
Gr. orot'pof, a stake, pife, pale, cross.] A form 
of sexradiate sponge-spicule, resulting from the 
suppression of both the distal and the proximal 
ray. Sollas. 
Stave (stav), n. [< ME-, sttef, staf, stave, pi. 
staves, Steves, < AS. stsef, pi. stafas, a staff: see 
staff. Stare is another form of staff, arising 
from the ME. oblique and plural forms. In 
staff. Specifically (a) In cooperage, one of the thin, 
ow pieces of wood, grooved for the bottom, the head, 
, which compose a barrel, cask, tub, or the like. (6) 
stavesacre: ara^/f, aemi^i'f, dried grapes ; aypiu, 
fern, of ajptof, wild. Cf. Staphisagria.'} A spe- 
cies of larkspur, Delphinium Stapkitagria, na- 
tive in southern Europe and Asia Minor. It is 
an erect downy herb, a foot or two high, with bluish 
or purple flowers in terminal racemes. Its seeds con- 
tain a poisonous principle, delphininc, and are used in a 
powder or ointment against vermin on man and beast, also 
in tincture as an application for rheumatism. They were 
formerly employed as a purgative, but found too violent. 
See ddphinim'2 and louteu'ort, 2. 
A drink- 
hooped with 
the bottom being general- 
]y WO od also. One preserved in Exeter, England, is 5 
lnches high and 4 ), in diameter at tl e bo " tton , It 
staves of boxwood, the fifteenth, of 
i8 bound " Ith bra88 ho p8 - 
. beotn 
b e ,S ,&? rYnTof'a ^vewood (stav'wud), n. [< 
of a wheel ; etc. 1 See quassia, 2. 2. A tall 
staurolite (sta'ro-Ut), . 
+ Atffof, a stone.] A silicate of aluminium and 
iron occurring in reddish- to yellowish-brown 
or brownish-black prismatic crystals. These 
crystals are often twins, in the form of a 
cross, whence it is called cross-stone. Also 
ftaurotide, greiiatite. - Staurolite-slate, a mica-slate 
through which are scattered crystals of staurolite. Rocks 
of this character have been found in Scotland, the Pyre- 
nees, and New England. 
staurqlitic (sta-ro-lit'ik), a. [< stauroJite + -ic.] 
Pertaining to, resembling, or characterized by 
the presence of staurolite. 
Stauromedusaa (sta"ro-me-du'se), n. pi [NL., 
< Gr. aravp6f, a cross, '+ N*L. Medusae, q. v.] In 
Haeckel's classification, a subfamily of Scypho- 
medusee, having four pairs of adradial gonads 
or four simple interradial gonads in the sub- 
umbral wall, four large perradial gastral 
pouches, and no special sense-organs. 
stauromedusan (sta"ro-me-du'san), . and . 
[< Staiiromediisx + -.] 'I. a. Pertaining to 
the Staiiromedusse, or having their characters. 
II. n. A member of the Stauromedusse. 
Stauropus (sta 'ro- pus), . [NL. (Germar, 
1813), < Gr. aravpos, a cross, + Troi'f = E. foot.'] 
1. A genus of bombycid moths, of the family 
Notodontidse, having the thorax woolly, the 
fore wings rather broad and sinuate on the 
hind margins, hind wings rounded, tongue 
weak, and the abdomen slightly tufted above. 
The larva have fourteen legs, and are naked, with humps 
on the middle segments and two short anal projections ; 
the legs on the third and fourth segments are exceedingly 
long. When at rest they raise the large head and en- 
larged anal segments, and it is from their extraordinary 
appearance that the only European species, S. jfagi, de- 
rives its English name of lobster-moth. Its larva is of a 
brown color, and feeds on oak, birch, beech, and apple. 
The only other known species is Asiatic. 
2. A genus of melandryid beetles, erected by 
Fairmaire and Germain in 1863 on a single 
South American species. 
Stauroscope (sta'ro-skop), n. [< Gr. <rravp6f, a 
cross, + OKoxelv, 'view.] An optical instru- 
ladder ; the spoke 
2. A stanza ; a verse ; a metrical division. 
(if eleuen and twelue I find none ordinary staues vsed 
in any vulgar language. 
Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 54. 
Chant me now some wicked stave. 
Till thy drooping courage rise. 
Tennyson, Vision of Sin. 
3. Specifically, same as staff, 9. 
usually g j; a y e (stav), t 1 . ; pret. and pp. staved or stove, 
[< Gr. arai' P 6(, a cross, PPf:, Caving. [< stare, n., or directly < staff 
(with the usual change of /when medial to v; 
cf. strive, < strife, live, < life, wire, < wife, etc.). 
The proper pret. and pp.' is staved; stove, like 
rove for reeved, conforms to the supposed anal- 
ogy of drove, etc.] I. trans. 1. To break in a 
stave or staves of; knock a hole in; break: 
burst : as, the boat is stove. 
They burnt their wigwams, and all their matU, and 
some corn, and staved seven canoes, and departed. 
< stave + 
stout tree, Ster- 
culia fceiida, of the East Indies, eastern Africa, 
and Australia. The wood is soft, and thought 
to be of little value. 
staving (sta'ving), n. [< stave + -inu 1 .] 1. 
Staves collectively, as those which form the 
curb about a turbine water-wheel. 2. In forg- 
ing, a method of shortening or compacting a 
heated bar by striking blows on its end. 
staw 1 (sta), v. [< Dan. staa = Sw. st& = D. staan 
= OHG. MHG. stdii, stand, stay, = L. stare = 
Gr. ior&vat = Skt. / stha, stand: see stand, 
where the relation of the orig. root sta to stand 
is explained.] I. itttrans. To stand still; be- 
come stalled or mired, as a cart ; be fixed or set. 
[North. Eng.] 
II. trans. 1. To put to a standstill. 2. To 
clog; glut; surfeit; disgust. Burns, To a Hag- 
gis. [Scotch.] 
[Scotch.] 
Winthrop, Hist.' New England, I. 232. staw 2 (sta). A preterit of steal. 
2. To cause or suffer to be lost by breaking M ? fause lover <*"" the >?. 
the cask ; hence, to spill ; pour out. 
And Mahomet the third . . . commanded, on paine of 
death, all such in Constantinople and Pera as had wine 
to bring it out and utmie it, (except Embassadors onely,) 
so that the streets ranne therewith. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 294. 
3. To furnish with staves or rundles. 4. To 
make firm by compression; shorten or com- 
pact, as a heated rod or bar by endwise blows, 
or as lead in the socket-joints of pipes TO 
Stave and tail, a phrase current in bear-baiting, to stave 
being to check the bear with a staff, and to tail to hold 
back the dog by the tail ; hence, to cause a cessation or 
stoppage. 
So lawyers . . . 
Do stave and tail with writs of error, 
Reverse of Judgment, and demurrer. 
. S. Butler, Hudibras, I. ii. 163. 
To stave It out, to fight it out with staves ; fight till a 
decisive result is attained. S. Butler, Hudibras, I. iii. 88. 
To Stave Off, to beat or ward off with or as with a staff ; 
keep back ; delay ; prevent the approach or occurrence of. 
Two dogs upon me? 
And the old bearward will not succour me, 
111 stave 'em off myself. 
Middfeton, Anything for a Quiet Life, ii. 2. 
It staved of the quarrelsome discussion as to whether 
she should or should not leave Miss Matty's service. 
Mrs. Gofkett, Cranford, xiv. 
II. intrans. To go or rush along recklessly or 
regardless of everything, as one in a rage; 
work energetically ; drive. [Colloq.] 
He ... went staving down the street as if afraid to look 
behind him. The Century, XXXVIII. 41. 
3.J -fill upLlUlil 111SITU- . . . . 
ment, invented by Von Kobell of Munich, for Stave-jointer (stav join"ter), n. 
examining sections of crystals, and determin- 
ing the position in them of the planes of light- 
vibration. 
Stauroscopic (sta-ro-skop'ik), . [< stauroscope 
+ -ic.'] Of, pertaining to, or made by means 
\ S 1 * 
ver), n. [< stave + *.] An active, 
ener g et ic person. [New Eng.] 
Miss Asphyxia's reputation in the region was perfectly 
t ' bhed - .She was spoken of with applause under 
**"' * 
Burns, Ye Banks and Braes. 
Stay 1 (sta), n. [< ME. "stay, < AS. steeg = D. 
G. Icel. Dan. Sw. stag, a stay (innaut. sense); 
cf. OF. estay, F. ftai = Sp. estay = Pg. estay, es- 
tai (pi. estaes), also ostais, a stay (< Teut.) ; ori- 
gin uncertain ; by some supposed to be named 
from being used to climb up by, being derived, 
in this view, like stair, stile 1 , stag, etc., from the 
root of AS. stigan (pret. stdh) = D. stijgen = G. 
steigen, etc., climb, ascend: see sty*-. The word 
has been confused with stay 2 , a prop, etc.] 1. 
Naut., a strong rope used to support a mast, 
and leading from the head of one mast down 
to some other, or to some part of the vessel. 
Those stays which lead forward are called fore-and-aft 
itay, and those which lead down to the vessel's sides baclc- 
etays. See cut under ship. 
2. A rope used for a similar purpose; a guy 
supporting the mast of a derrick, a telegraph- 
pole, or the like. 3. In a chain-cable, the 
transverse piece in a link in stays, or hove 
in stays (naut.\ in the act of going about from one tack 
to the other. Martingale stays. See martingale. 
Slack in stays. See slacki . Spring-stay, a smaller stay 
parallel to and assisting the regular one. To heave in 
stays. See heave. To miss stays. Seemtwi. To put 
a ship in stays, to bring her head to the wind ; heave 
her to. To ride do wn a stay. See ride. Triatic stay 
(naut.), an arrangement of pendants to hook stay-tackles 
to for hoisting out or in boats or other heavy weights. 
One pendant is lashed at the foremast- or foretopmast-head, 
and one at the mainmast- or main topmast-head. These 
pendants have a span at their lower ends to keep them in 
place, and a large thimble is spliced into the lower end of 
each, into which the stay-tackles are hooked. 
Stay 1 (sta), v. [< stay 1 , .] I. trans. Naut. : (a) 
To incline forward, aft, or to one side by means 
of stays: as, to stay a mast, (b) To tack; put 
on the other tack : as, to stay ship. 
II. intrans. Naut., to change tack ; go about; 
be in stays, as a ship. 
