Stemodia 
+ A'r, Si-, two-, + (iKfiav, a point, tip.] A genus 
of gamopetalpus plants, of the order Serojiltiiln- 
liiii'c'e and tribe tlrntiolar, type of a subtribe 
Hlcmodii'ie. It is characterized by flowers with five 
nearly equal calyx-lobes, and four perfect didynaraous sta- 
mens included within the corolla-tube, and by a capsule 
splitting partly or completely into four valves, the two 
placenta- separating or remaining united in a column. 
There are about 30 species, mostly tropical, occurring; in 
all continents except Europe. They are glandular-hairy 
or downy herbs, sometimes shrubby and often aromatic. 
They bear opposite or whorled leaves and solitary or 
spiked and crowded, usually bluish flowers, sometimes 
with bracted pedicels. S. maritima is known in Jamaica 
as bastard or seaside germander, and S. durantifolia as 
goatweed ; the latter, a low clammy plant with purplish 
spiked flowers, extends also from southern Arizona to 
Brazil. 
Stemona (ste'mo-na), . [NL. (Loureiro, 
1790), so called from the peculiar stamens; < 
Gr. ari//wv, taken for 'stamen.'] A genus of 
monocotyledonous plants, type of the order 
Stemonacese. It is distinguished by erect ovules and 
seeds, and stamens with very short filaments more or less 
united into a ring, having linear erect anthers with a 
thickened connective, continued above into an erect ap- 
pendage. There are 4 or 5 species, natives of India, Ma- 
laysia, and tropical Australia. They are smooth, lofty- 
climbing twiners, growing from a fusiform tuberous root, 
and bearing shining alternate leaves which are cordate, 
ovate, or narrower, with three or more nerves and numer- 
ous cross-veinlets. The flowers form racemes, or are few 
or solitary in the axils ; the perianth-segments are rather 
large, distinct, and erect, marked by many nerves. For- 
merly called Rozburyhia. 
Stemonacese (ste-mo-na'se-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(Durand, 1888), < Stemona + -acex.] A small 
order of monocotyledonous plants, of the series 
Coronariese, by many formerly called Rox- 
burghiacese. It is characterized by regular bisexual 
flowers with a four-parted perianth of two rows, with four 
stamens and a one-celled ovary which contains two or more 
ovules and ripens into a two-valved capsule. It includes 
8 species, belonging to 3 genera, of which Stichonturon 
and Steinona (the type) are largely Indian ; the other ge- 
nus, Croomia, includes one species in Japan, and another, 
C. pattcijlara, in Florida and adjacent States. 
Stemonitaceae (ste"m6-ni-ta'se-e), n. pi. [NL., 
< Stemonitis + -acese.] A family of myxomy- 
cetous fungi, belonging, according to the clas- 
sification of Rostafinski, to the order Aniau- 
rochsetese, which has a single sporangium or 
sethalium, without the peculiar deposits of lime 
carbonate that characterize the fructification 
of other orders, and the spores, capillitium, and 
columella usually uniformly black, or rarely 
brownish-violet. 
Stemonitis (ste-mo-ni'tis), n. [NL. (Gle- 
ditsch), < Gr. arij/ujv, taken for 'stamen.'] A 
genus of myxomycetous fungi, giving name to 
the family Stemonitacex. 
stem-pessary (stem'pes ;! 'a-ri), . A pessary 
with a rod or stem which is passed into the cer- 
vix uteri. 
stem-piece (stem'pes), . In ship-building, a 
piece between the stem and the chocks, also 
called independent piece. See cut under stem 2 . 
stemple (stem'pl), . [Cf. D. stempel = MHG. 
stempfel, G. stempel (< D.), a mark, stamp: 
see stamp,] In mining, a small timber used to 
support the ground by being laid across the 
stulls, or in other ways : in some mining dis- 
tricts of England nearly the same as lacing 
or lagging. 
stem-Sickness (stem'sik"nes), n. A disease of 
clover in England. It is caused by a nematoid worm, 
Tylenchits devastatrix, known as the glein-eefaann, and 
brings about first a stunted condition and finally the death 
of the plant. 
stemson (stem'son), . [Perhaps a var. of 
stanchion, confused with stem 2 . Cf. keelson, 
sternson.] In ship-building, a piece of curved 
timber fixed on the after part of the apron in- 
side. The lower end is scarfed into the keelson, and re- 
ceives the scarf of the stem, through which it is bolted. 
stem-Stitch (stem'sticn), n. In pillow-lace mak- 
ing, a stitch by which a thick braid-like stripe 
is produced: used for the stems of flowers and 
sprigs, tendrils, etc. 
Stem-winder (stem'win"der), n. A watch which 
is wound up or regulated by means of a con- 
trivance connected with the stem, and not by 
a key. 
sten, v. and n. See stead. 
Stench 1 (stench), n. [< ME. stench, stunch,<AS. 
stenc (= OHG. stanc, stanch, MHG. stanc, stenke, 
G. stank = Sw. Dan. stank), a smell, odor (pleas- 
ant or unpleasant), < stincan, smell: see stink, 
v., and cf. stink, n. Cf. Icel. steekja, a stench.] 
An ill smell ; an offensive odor. 
In our way to Tivoli I saw the rivulet of Salforata, for- 
merly called Albula, and smelt the stench that arises from 
its waters some time before I saw them. 
Addison, Remarks on Italy (Bohn), I. 482. 
= Syn. Stink, etc. See emell. 
5930 
stench 1 ! (stench), r. t. [< stencli 1 , n] To cause 
to emit a stench : cause to stink. 
Dead bards stench every coast. 
Youmj, Resignation, i. 24. 
stench 2 ! (stench), r. t. An obsolete variant of 
xtitiK'li^, Harrei/, 
stenchfult (stench'ful), o. [< stench^ + -fill.] 
Full of bad odors. See. T. Adams, Works, ll. 56. 
stenchil (sten'chil), w. A Scotch form of stan- 
ched for stanchion. 
Stench-pipe (stench'plp). . In plnmbinij, an 
extension of a soil-pipe through and above the 
roof of a house, to allow foul gases to escape. 
Stench-trap (stench'trap), n. In a drain, a de- 
pression or hollow in which water lies, intro- 
duced to prevent the reflex passage of foul air 
or gas. 
Sterichy (sten'chi), a. [< stench 1 + -y 1 .] Hav- 
ing a stench or offensive smell. Dyer, The 
Fleece, i. 
stencil 1 (sten'sil), v. t.; pret. and pp. te>irilcil. 
stencilled, ppr. stenciling, stencilling. [Origin 
uncertain : (a) According to Skeat, prob. < OF. 
estinceller (for *escinteller), cover with stars, 
powder (used in heraldry), lit. -'sparkle,' F. 
i-tiiiceler, sparkle, < L. seintillarc, sparkle: see 
scintillate. Cf. tinsel, (b) In anotherview, orig. 
as a noun, identical with stencil 2 , a dial. var. 
of stanched, var. of stanchion, ult. < OF. entinn'r, 
a support: see stance and stanchion.] To mark 
out or paint by means of a stencil. 
stencil 1 (sten sil), n. [See stencil^, v.] 1. A 
thin plate or sheet of any substance in which a 
figure, letter, or pattern is formed by cutting 
through the plate. If the plate thus cut is placed 
upon a surface and rubbed with color or ink, the pattern 
or figure will be marked on the underlying substance. 
For many purposes, the letters, etc., are cut through com- 
Sletely ; for transferring a pattern, as in embroidery, the 
nes of the pattern are often indicated by small holes. In 
wall-decoration, etc., both these plans are employed. Dif- 
f the pattern are often indicated by small holes. In 
-ecoration, etc., both these plans are employed. Dif- 
ferent stencils are often used In the same design, each for 
a different color. 
2. The coloring matter used in marking with a 
stencil-plate. C. T. Davis, Bricks and Tiles, p. 
90. 3. In ceratn., a preparation laid upon the 
biscuit to keep the oil used in transfer-printing 
or enameling from adhering to the surface; 
hence, the pattern traced by this preparation, 
reserving a panel or medallion of the unaltered 
color of the biscuit. 
stencil 11 (sten'sil), n. [A var. of stanchel 1 ] A 
door-post; a stanchion. Halliwell. [Prov. Eng.1 
stenciler, stenciller (sten'sil-er), n. [< stencil* 
+ -er 1 .] One who works with a stencil, espe- 
cially a decorative painter who applies patterns 
with a stencil. 
Stencil-pen (sten'sil-pen), n. A pricking-ma- 
chine for perforating paper to form a stencil. 
It consists of a hollow stylus carrying a needle 
having a reciprocating motion. See electricpen, 
under pen 2 . 
Stencil-plate (steu'sil-plat), . A stencil. 
stend (stend), v. i. [< OF. estendre, F. etendre = 
It. stendere, < L. extendere, stretch forth, extend : 
see extend.] 1. To extend. [Prov. Eng.] 2. 
To walk with long steps. 3. To leap; bound; 
rear; spring. Alsosten. [Scotch and prov. Eng.] 
Stend (stend), n. [(.stend, r.] A leap; a spring; 
a long step or stride. Also sten. Burns, Tarn 
Glen. [Scotch and prov. Eng.] 
Stenelytra (ste-nel'i-trii), n. pi. [NL., neut. 
pi. of "stenelytrus: see sieiielytrous. ] In entom., 
in Latreille's system, the third family of hete- 
romerpus Coleoptera, divided into 5 tribes, corre- 
sponding to the old genera Helops, Cistela, Dir- 
cxa, (Edemera, and Mycterus. 
Stenelytrous (ste-nel'i-trns), a. [< NL. *ste- 
nelytros, < Gr. arev6f, narrow, strait, + l^vrpov, 
a cover: see elytrum] Having narrow elytra ; 
of or pertaining to the Stenelytra. 
Stenobothms (sten-o-both'rus), n. [NL. 
(Fischer, 1853), < Gr'. arevfa, narrow, strait, 
I C 
Sttnobotkrus ntacttlipennis. 
a, mature insect; *, pupa ; c, larva. (AH natural size.) 
close, + ftfApof, a hole.] A notable genus of 
grasshoppers, of the family Amdiidse, contain- 
stenographical 
ingsuch species ;is .*>'. nwoulipeHnit, Thisisaconi- 
mon grasshopper in most parts of the United States, and 
resembles the hateful grasshopper or Rocky Mountain 
locust (Mctanoplus spretus) so closely that it has often been 
mistaken for the latter. 
stenocardia (sten-o-kiir'di-ji), n. [NL., < Gr. 
<rm6t, narrow, + KapSia, the heart.] Angina 
pectoris. 
Stenocarpus (sten-o-kur'pus), H. [NL. (R. 
Brown, 1810), so called from the usually narrow 
fruit; < Gr. arevii^, narrow, + /ca/nrdf, fruit.] A 
genus of apetalous trees, of the order Proteacea 
and tribe Enibotltriex. It is characterized by um- 
bellate flowers, and numerous ovules downwardly imbri- 
cated and ripening into seeds which are winged below. 
There are 14 species, 11 of which are natives of New Cale- 
donia and 3 of Australia. They are trees with alternate 
or scattered leaves, which are entire or deeply divided into 
a few pinnate segments, and mostly yellow or red flowers 
with a somewhat irregular perianth-tube and a nearly 
globular recurved and at length divided border, disposed 
in terminal or axillary umbels which are solitary or clus- 
tered in a short raceme or a compound umbel, and are 
followed by coriaceous stalked follicles. 5. sinuatua is 
known ill ijnecnsland as tulip-tree and fire-tree. S. snlig- 
/.'" native of the same regions, is known as beefu'ood, silky 
oak, and meleyn. 
stenocephalous (steu-9-sef'a-lus), . [< Gr. OTt- 
v6f, narrow, + utijm'/.t/, he*d.^) Narrow-headed. 
stenochromy (sten'o-kro-mi), n. [< Gr. artv6(, 
narrow, + xi'"f a , color.] The art of printing 
several colors at one impression. This is accom- 
plished by various methods: (1) by dividing the ink-foun- 
tain of a printing-press into compartments, one for each 
color, and allowing the rollers to blend the inks on the dis- 
tributing-table ; (2) by cutting or trimming the rollers of 
a printing-press in such a way that only the desired parts 
may take and distribute ink a different color for each 
roller or set of rollers ; (3) by lithographic methods. 
Stenocoronine (sten'o-ko-ro'nin), a. [< Gr. 
arev6f, narrow, + Kopavt/, a crow, also a crown.] 
Having narrow-crowned molars: noting the 
hippopotamine type of dentition, as distin- 
guished from the eurycoronine or diiiotherian. 
Falconer. 
stenoderm (steu'o-derm), n. [< Stenoderma.] 
A bat of the genus Stenodenna ; a stenodermine. 
Spectacled atenoderm, Stenoderma perspicillatum, a 
tropical American bat marked about the eyes as if wear- 
ing spectacles. Also called spectacled vampire. 
Stenoderma (sten-o-der'ma), . [NL. (Geof- 
frey), < Gr. arei'df, narrow, (- 6eppa, skin, hide.] 
A genus of American phyllostomine bats, of 
the subfamily I'liyllostomatiwe, having a short, 
broad, obtuse muzzle, short but distinct nose- 
leaf, no tail, and the interfemoral membrane 
concave behind. S. achradophiium of the West Indies 
is BO called from its fondness for the berries of Achras sa- 
pota, the naseberry. 
Stenodermata (sten-o-der'ma-ta), . pi. [NL.: 
see Stenoderma.] A section of phyllostomine 
bats, of which the genera Stenoderma, Artibeus, 
and Centurio are leading forms. It includes 
about 20 species, of 9 genera, of Neotropical 
bats. See cut under Centurio. 
stenodermatous (sten-o-der'ma-tus), a. Per- 
taining to the Stenodermata, or having their 
charactersj resembling a stenoderm. 
stenodermine (sten-o-3er'min), . and n. [< 
Stenoderma + -ine 1 .] I. a. Having a contract- 
ed wing-membrane, as a bat ; of or pertaining 
to the Stenodermata. 
II. . A stenodermine bat ; a stenoderm . 
StenoduS (sten'o-dus), n. [NL. (Richardson, 
1836), < Gr. OTev6f, narrow, + odovf = E. tooth.] 
A genus of salmonoid fishes, related both to 
Salmo and to Coregonus, having an elongate 
body, projecting lower jaw, and weak teeth. 
The inconnu, or Mackenzie river salmon, is 5. maclienzii, 
attaining a weight of 20 pounds or more, esteemed as a 
food-fish. See cut under inconnu. 
Stenograph (sten'o-graf), n. [< Gr. orevoe, nar- 
row, + ypafatv, write.] 1. A character used 
in stenography ; a writing, especially any note 
or memorandum, in shorthand. 
I saw the reporters' room, in which they redact their 
hasty stenographi. Emerson, Eng. Traits, p. 265. 
2. A stenographic machine; a form of type- 
writer in which signs and marks of various 
kinds dots, dashes, etc. are used in place 
of ordinary letters. A number of different machines 
have been made, essentially type-writers operated by 
means of a keyboard. 
stenograph (sten'o-graf), . i. [< stenograph, n.] 
To write or represent by stenography. HI. 
London Xews. [Rare.] 
stenographer (ste-nog'ra-fer), n. [< stenogra- 
ph (j r) + -eri] One who writes shorthand. 
stenographic (sten-o-graf'ik), a. [= F. steno- 
graphique; as stenograph-y + -ic.] Of or per- 
taining to stenography; shorthand. Steno- 
graphic machine. Same as stenograph, 2. 
stenographical (sten-o-graf 'i-kal), . [< sten- 
ographic + -al] Same as stenographic. 
