Sterninae 
and pointed, with the first primary nnu-h the longest, and 
the secondaries M short. The tail is usually lonj,', and 
forked or forflcate, with attenuated outer feathers. The 
feet are small, and scarcely amlmlatorial. There are ISO 
or more species, of all parts of the world. They :< di- 
vided into two groups, the Stenieee or terns proper, includ- 
ing nearly all of the Hterninir, anil the noddies or Aiwrir. 
Most of the species fall Into the single genus Sterna. Other 
genera are lli/ilriirln'liil'in. Phaitlmta, l'fm-'Merna,Gngis, 
Inca, and Anoits. >See Sterna, and cuts there noted. 
Sternine (ster'nin), a. [< NL. xti'miimx, < H/i'f- 
na, tern.] Kesembling or related to a tern; of 
or pertaining to the StcrniHS. 
Sternite(ster'nit),M. [<NL.. *?<)(. the breast- 
bone. + -itr-.] 1. In .Ir/l/nipix/it, us an insect 
or a crustacean, one of the median ventral scle- 
rites of the crust or body-wall ; the median ven- 
tral piece of any segment, somite, ormetamere. 
whether a distinct piece or only that undistin- 
guished ventral part or region which lies be- 
tween the insertions of any pair of legs or other 
appendages. The sternites are primitively and typi- 
cally all alike, hut may be variously modified in different 
regions of the body, or coalesced with one another or 
with other pieces of the exoskeleton, or suppressed. See 
cut under cephalotharax. 
2. In eiitom., specifically, the under or ventral 
sclerite of an abdominal segment. [Bare.] 
3. One of the pieces of the sternum or breast- 
bone of a vertebrate; a steraeber. [Rare.] 
Antennary sternlte. Same as epistoma (&). 
sternitic (ster-nit'ik), fl. [(.stcrnite + -ic.] Of 
orpertainingtoasternite; sternal, as a sclerite 
of an arthropod. 
stern-knee (stern'ne), . The continuation of 
a vessel's keelson, to which the stern-post is 
secured by bolts. Also called sternson and stern- 
son-knee. 
Stern-lightt, . [< *tern* + liglitl.] Starlight. 
It was mirk mirk night, and there was nae stern light. 
Thomas the Rhymer (Child's Ballads, I. 112). 
sternly (stern 'li), adr. [< ME. sternelicli, strrnr- 
liche, sturneUclie, < AS. styrnlice, < stymc, stern : 
see item 1 and -ty 2 .] In a stern manner; with 
severity, harshness, austerity, or rigor. 
sternmost (stern'most), a. super!. [< stern? + 
-most.] Furthest in the rear; furthest astern: 
as, the sternmost ship in a convoy. 
sternness (stern'nes), ii. [< ME. sternnesse. 
steernnesse; < stern + -ness.] The quality or 
character of being stern. 
With gteernneMC 30 comanndide to hem, and with power. 
WycliJ, Ezek. xxxiv. 4. 
= Syn. See(frJ, a. 
sternochondroscapularis (ster - no - kou - dro - 
skap-vi-la'ris), n. ; pi. uternocliondroscapulareft 
(-rez). [NL. (sc. musculus, muscle), < Gr. orip- 
vov, the breast-bone, 4- ^fodpof, cartilage, + 
NL. scapularis, q. v.] A muscle of some mam- 
mals, not infrequent in man, arising from the 
first costal cartilage and the sternum, and in- 
serted into the superior border of the scapula. 
Also called chondroscapularis, scapulocostalis 
minor, costoscapularis, subclanus posticus. 
sternoclavicular (ster"n6-kla-vik'u-lar), a. 
[< Nli.sternoclariciilaris, (. Gr. orepmv, the breast- 
bone, + NL. clarieula : see clavicular.] Per- 
taining to the stemum and the clavicle. Also 
sternoclidal, and sometimes clidosti'rnal. stei- 
noclavicular flbrocartilage. HeeflbrocartHage. Ster- 
noplavicular ligament, a hand of ligamentous fibers 
uniting the sternum and the clavicle : an anterior and a 
posterior are distinguished in man. 
Sternoclavicularis (ster"n6-kla-vik-u-la'ris). 
. ; pi. sternoclavicularcs (-rez). [NL. : see 
sternoclavicular.] One of two anomalous mus- 
cles in man, anterior and posterior, extending 
over the sternoclavicular articulation. 
Sternoclidal (ster-no-kH'dal), a. [< Gr. orfpiw, 
the breast-bone, + KUI^ (iiteii-), key (clavicle), 
+ -til.] Same as sternoclavicular. 
sternoclidomastoid (ster-no-kll-do-mas'toid), 
a. and . [< NL. sternoclidomastoideiis, < ster- 
nui,q.v., + cli(lomastoid'eus,q.v.~\ I. a. In anat., 
of or belonging to the sternum, the clavicle, and 
the mastoid process. The sternoclidomastoid muscle 
arises from the summit of the sternum and the inner sec- 
tion of the clavicle, and is inserted into the mastoid process 
of the temporal bone. It is also called sternmnastoid, nut- 
toideus cMi, and nutator capitis. See cut under mwscfel. 
II. . The sternoclidomastoid muscle. 
sternoclidomastoideus (ster'n6-kli"dd-mas- 
toi'de-us), n. ; pi. sternoclidomastoidei (-J). 
[NL. : see sternoclidomastoid.'} The sternocli- 
domastoid muscle. 
sternocoracoid (ster-no-kor'a-koid), o. and . 
[< NL. sternocoracoMeus, < 'sternum, q. v., + 
coracoideus, q. v.] I. a. Of or pertaining to 
the sternum and the coracoid: as, the sterno- 
coracoid articulation of birds and reptiles ; a 
stemoeoracotd muscle. 
II. n. The sternoeoracoideus. 
Sternocoracoideus(ster-n6-kor-a-koi'de-us), M.; 
pi. xli'fHOCoriicuidci (-5). [NL. : sue xti ritornrii- 
fniil.] The sternocoraeoid muscle of various 
iinimals, arising from the sternum and inserted 
in the coracoid. It is represented in man by 
the pectoralis minor. 
sternocostal (ster-no-kos'tal), n. [< NL. xtt-r- 
itumxtalix, < xtenittm, q. v., + L. coxta, rib: see 
mxtitl.] Of or pertaining to the sternum ami 
the ribs or costal cartilages; eostosternal. 
sternocostalis (ster"n6-kos-ta'lis), .; pi. xtt-r- 
itocoittales (-lez). [NL. : see ftemoeostal.] A 
thin median fan-shaped muscle within the tho- 
rax, behind the costal cartilages and breast- 
bone, arising from the lower part of the ster- 
num. Also called transversux thann-ix, and 
usually triani/iilnrix xti-rni. 
sternocoxal (ster-no-kok'sal), . [< NL. sterno- 
cujcalis, < Ktcriium, q. v., + L. coxa, the hip: see 
coral.] Of or pertaining to the stemites and 
coxa) of an arthropod. 
sternofacial (ster-no-fa'shal), ii. and n. [< 
NL. sternofacialis, <. xti-riiiim, <{. v.. + L. /<"*. 
face: see 'facial.'] I. ". Of or pertaining to 
the sternum and the face: as, a xtrriitifacial 
muscle. 
II. M. The sternofacialis. 
sternofacialis (ster-no-fa-shi-a'lis), n. ; pi. ster- 
nofaciales (-lez). [NL. : see sternofacial.'] A 
muscle of the hedgehog, arising over the fore 
part of the sternum and passing to the side 
of the lower jaw and integument of the face : 
it assists the action of the orbicularig pan- 
niculi. 
sternoglossal (ster-no-glos'al), n. and . [< 
NL. sternnglossalw, < Gr. aript'ov, breast-bone, 
+ -j?Maaa, tongue.] I. . Of or pertaining to 
the sternum and the tongue : as, a xternoylnssal 
muscle. 
II. . The sternoglossus. 
sternoglossus (ster-no-glos'us), n. ; pi. xtertio- 
i/lossi (-i). [NL., < Gr. artavav, the breast- 
bone, + j/dxro-a, the tongue.] 1. A long re- 
tractor muscle of the tongue, as of the great 
ant-eater, Myrmecopltttija jubatti, attached be- 
hind to the sternum, and antagonizing the ac- 
tion of the protractor muscles, the genioglossus 
and stylohyoideus. 2. [cap.] In entom., a ge- 
nus of coleopterous insects. 
sternohyoid (ster-no-hi'oid), a. and n. [< NL. 
sternoltyoideux, < sternum, q. v., + Iii/oides: see 
liyoid.] I. a. Of or pertaining to the sternum 
and the hyoid bone sternohyoid muscle, a rib- 
bon-like muscle arising from the manubrium sterni and 
inner extremity of the clavicle, and Inserted into the body 
of the hyoid l>one. It is innervated from the au-a hypo- 
glossi, and its action draws down or back the byoid bone 
and larynx. See cut under mnm-Jci. 
II. M. The sternohyoid muscle. 
sternohyqidean (ster'no-hi-oi'de-an), a. [< 
sternohyoid + -f-tin.] Same as sternohyoid. 
sternohyoideus (ster*n6-hi-oi'de-us), .; pi. 
stei'nohyoidei(-i). [NL.: seesternohyoid.] The 
sternohyoid. 
sternomastoid (ster-no-mas'toid), a. and n. 
[< NL. sternomastoideus, < sternum, q. v., + mtis- 
toideus, q. v.] I. . Of or pertaining to the 
sternum and the mastoid process of the tem- 
poral bone Sternomastoid artery, (o) A superfi- 
cial descending branch of the superior thyroid artery, 
which is distributed to the sternomastoid, platysma, and 
the muscles attached to the thyroid cartilage, (o) A small 
muscular branch of the occipital artery which supplies 
the sternoclidomastoid. Sternomastoid muscle, (a) 
That portion of the stemoclidomastoid which arises from 
the sternum. (6) The entire sternoclidomastoid, without 
distinction. 
II. . The sternomastoid muscle. 
sternomastoideus (ster'no-mas-toi'de-us), ti. ; 
pi. sternomastoidei (-5). [NL. : see sternomas- 
toid.] The sternomastoid muscle. 
sternomaxillaris (ster-no-mak-si-la'ris), n. ; 
pi. stenwniarillares (-rez). [NL. : see sterno- 
maxillary.] The sternomaxillary muscle. 
sternomaxillary (ster-no-mak'si-la-ri), a. [< 
NL. sternomaxillaris, (.sternum, q. v., + L. max- 
illa, jaw: see maxillary.] Pertaining to the 
sternum and the mandible : applied to the ster- 
nomastoid muscle when, as in the horse, its an- 
terior end is fixed to the mandible. 
sternon (ster'non), n. [NL. : see sternum.] 
Same as stern urn. Wiseman, Surgery. [Rare.] 
sternopagus (ster-nop'a-gus), n. ; pi. sternopagi 
(-ji). [NL., < Gr. aripvov, breast, chest,+ ntiyos, 
that which is firmly set.] In teratol., a double 
monster with union at the sternum. 
Sternoptychida (ster-nop-tik'i-de), n. pi. 
[NL., < Steriioptyx (-ptyeh-) + -idse.] A family 
of iniomous fishes, typified by the genus Hter- 
sternoxian 
nti/>ti/jr. (a) In Oiinther's system it includes the typi- 
cal llternofituckida and other faniiliesi. (6) In (Jill's eys- 
teni, a family of iniomous fishes with a compressed ven- 
tradifonn Iiody. raiinatnl i untniu, dcrjily and obliquely 
cleft, or snbvertii-al month wlidse upprr margin is consti- 
tuted by the supramaxillaries as well as intermaxillaries, 
liranchiostegal arch near and parallel with lower jaw, scap- 
ular arch with an inferior projection, and one or more of 
the neural spines abnormally developed and projecting 
atiuvt. 1 tile back in advance of the dorsal fin. There art' 
:; ui-iicui ami alxult 7 species, small deejj-sea lislu-s of 
remarkable appearance and organization, representing 2 
subfamilies, Stemoptycftinje and Aryyropelecinfe. Also 
Sternoptii'ifx. .v, >-iu>tii<li, ami Stornoptygoutei. 
sternoptychoid (stcr-nop'ti-koid), . and . 
[< Stemoptyx (-jtti/di-) + -oid.] I. n. Of, or 
having characteristics of, the Stenoftyekidm. 
II. n. A tish of the family StemtytycUdie. 
Sternoptyx (ster-noji'tiks), . [NL. (Hermann, 
1781), < Gr. arepvov, breast, chest, + trr/'i", a 
fold.] A genus of fishes, so named from the 
transverse folds on the pectoral or sternal re- 
gion, typical of the Sterttoptyckidte. 
sternorhabdite (ster-no-rab ; dit), . In <//.. 
one of the loweiTnost or sternal pair of rhab- 
dites. 
sternOSCapular (stcr-no-skai/u-liir), a. and n. 
[< NL. sternoiicapuliiri*, < xti-rnum, i|. v., + L. 
xciipids-, shoulder-blades : see scapular.] I. it. 
Of or pertaining to the sternum and the scapu- 
la: as, a steritiixciijinlar muscle. 
II. . The sternoscapularis. 
Sternoscapularis (ster-no-skap-u-la'ris), . ; pi. 
Kternoscinmliires (-rez). [NL.: see stemox<-ni>- 
ular.] A muscle of many animals, connecting 
the sternum and the scapula, and forming with 
the serratus magnus and the levator anguli 
scapulfe a sling in which the fore part of the 
body is supported upon the anterior extremi- 
ties. 
Sternothaeridae (ster-no-the'ri-de), n.pl. [NL., 
< Sternotheenis + -idse.] A family of pleuro- 
dirpus tortoises, typified by the genus Ster- 
notheerus, to which different limits have been 
assigned. As generally understood, they have eleven 
plastral bones, mesoplastrals being distinct, and the skull 
has no bony temporal ro 
Africa and Madagascar. 
> bony temporal roof. The species are confined to 
Sternothaerus (ster-no-the'rus), . [NL. (Bell. 
1825), < Gr. artpvov, breast, chest, + 8aip6f, the 
hinge of a door or gate.] A genus of tortoises, 
having a hinged plastron (whence the name). 
sternothere (ster'no-ther), n. [< NL. Sterno- 
thierui, q. v.] An African turtle of the genus 
SternotJiieriiK. /'. L. Sclater. 
sternothyroid (ster-no-thi'roid), . and n. [< 
NL. sternotliyroideiis, < sternum, q. v., + thyroi- 
dcus.] I. a. In anat., of or pertaining to the 
sternum and the thyroid cartilage Sternothy- 
roid muscle, a small muscle beneath the sternohyoid 
on either side, arising from the manubrium stemi, and 
inserted into the oblique line on the outer side of the 
thyroid cartilage : it is innervated from the ansa hypo- 
glossi. 
II. 11. The sternothyroid muscle. 
Sternothyroideus (ster"no-thi-roi'de-us), . : 
pi. sternothyroidei (-5). [NL.: see stcmotliy- 
roid.] The sternothyroid muscle. 
sternotracheal (ster-no-tra'ke-al), a. and n. 
[< NL. sternotrachealis. < sternwn, q. v., + tra- 
chea : see traciieal.] I. . Of or pertaining to 
the sternum and the trachea; connecting the 
breast-bone and the windpipe, as a muscle. 
II. n. The sternotrachealis. 
Sternotrachealis (ster-no-tra-ke-a'lis), . ; pi. 
sternotracheales (-lez). [NL. : ' see sternotra- 
cheal.'] A muscle which in birds passes from 
the sternum to the trachea or windpipe; one 
of a pair, or one pair of two pairs, of long slen- 
der muscular slips attaching the trachea to 
the sternum or the clavicle, or both. 
sternotribe (ster'no-trib), a. [< Gr. arepvov, 
the breast, + rpifieiv, rub.] In bot., touching 
the breast, as of an insect : noting those zygo- 
morphous flowers, especially adapted for cross- 
fertilization by external aid, in which the sta- 
mens and styles are so arranged as to strike 
the visiting insect on the breast. Compare 
iiototribe, pletirotribe. 
Sternoxi (ster-nok'si), n.pl. [NL., irreg. < Gr. 
artpvov, breast, + ofi'f, sharp.] In entom., in 
Latreille's system, a section of Serricornes, con- 
taining two tribes, the buprestids and elate- 
rids, having the prosternum produced in front 
and pointed behind : distinguished among the 
serricorn beetles from Mak'codermi and Xylo- 
tr/ii/i. It corresponds to the modern families Bvprestidas 
and Elateridx in a broad sense. See cuts under AgrUvx, 
Buprestis. click-beetle, Pyrophoritg, and irireteorm. Also 
Stemoxia. 
sternoxian (ster-nok'si-an), o. and . [< Ster- 
iinri + -fin.] Same as s'iern<vcine. 
