stonecat 
stonecat ^ston'kat), M. A catfish of the genus 
Xoturiiti, as .V. fliirus, common in many parts 
(if (he United States. X.jlamisits oneof the largest. 
soiiH'thnes exceeding :\ font in length. ,V. //i*/(//i/x is ;ui- 
596S 
stoneman 
Stonecat (\ottirns 
other, nearly as large, found In the Middle ami Southern 
States. There are several more, a few inches long, all ot 
fresh waters of the same country. 
stone-centiped (stou'sen"ti-ped). . A centi- 
ped of the family Lithobiidse. 
stonechacker (stou 'chak"er), n. Same as stonc- 
t-hnt. 
stonechat (ston'chat), . One of several dif- 
ferent Old World chats, belonging to the genera 
Saxieola and (especially) Pratincola; a kind of 
bushchat : applied to three different English 
birds, and extended, as a book-name, to sev- 
eral others of the above genera, (a) Improperly, 
the wheatear, Saxieola oenanthe, and some other species 
of the restricted genus Saxieola. See cut under wheatear. 
[In this sense chiefly Scotch and American, the wheatear 
being the only bird of the kind which straggles to Amer- 
ica.] (b) Improperly, the whin-bushchat or whinchat, 
Pratincola ntbetra. [Eng.] (c) The black-headed bushchat, 
Pratincola rubicola, a common bird of Great Britain and 
main. 3. A large, stout, edible crab of stone-dumb (ston'dum'). n. Perfectly diimli. 
Atlantic eoast of the United States, .!/(//;/ Tin- t'i n/nri/, XXXV. liui!. [Knre.] 
Stone-eater (ston'e'ter), ". Same as .'-'"/('--/'"" r. 
stone-engraving (stou'eu-gni ving), & The 
art of engraving on stone. See lithography, 
i'lrllill/1. i/> iii-i-lii/i'ili'iiii/. 
stone-falcon (ston'fa'kn), n. See falcon, and 
cut under inn tin. 
Stone-fern (>t<m'feni), . A European fern. 
.li-li/i niiiiii l'i /inii'/i : so called from its habit of 
growing on rocks and stone walls, 
stone-fish (stoii'fish), . The shanny. Purm-n. 
[Local, Scotch.] 
stone-fly (ston'fli), . A pseudoneuropterous 
insect of the family l'i rli<l,T : so called because 
the larval forms abound under the stones of 
streams. (See cut under J'erla.) I', liii'iinilnln. 
whose larva is much used by anglers, is an 
example, 
mmite. Stone-fruit (ston'frot), . [= D. strenrrurltt = 
G. steinfrucht = Sw. ttonfnuet = Dan. stenfrugt; 
as ston'c + fruit.'} In bot., a drupe ; a fruit whose 
seeds are covered with a hard shell enveloped 
in a pulp, as the peach, cherry, and plum. See 
drupe. 
Bring with you the kernels of peares and apples, and 
the stones of such stone/mitt as you shall find there. 
Uakluyt't Voyages, I. 439. 
Stunecr.lb (Mfntfft nifrcenarin 
merceiiaria. 4. The dobson or hell 
See cut under sprawler. [Local, U. S.] 
stone-crawfish (ston'kra'fish), n. A crawfish 
of Europe, specified as Astacus torrcntiiim, in 
distinction from the common crawfish of that 
country, A. flur'uitilj*. 
Stone-cray (ston'kra), n. A distemper in hawks. 
Imp. Diet. 
stone-cricket (ston'krik"et), M. One of the 
Stonechat {Pratincola rubicola), in a usual plumage. 
other parts of Europe. The true stonechat is about 5 inches 
long, the wing 2J, the tail scarcely 2. The male in full plu- 
mage has the head and most of the back black, the feathers 
of the back mostly edged with sandy brown ; the upper tail- 
coverts white, varied with black and brown ; the wings and 
tail blackish-brown, the former with a large white area on 
the coverts and inner secondaries ; the sides of the neck and 
breast white ; the rest of the under parts rufous-brown ; the 
bill and feet black ; and the eyes brown. It nests on the 
ground, and lays four to six bluish-green eggs clouded and 
spotted with reddish-brown. Also called chickstone, stone- 
chacker, 8tonechatter t stoneclink, stonesmich, stonesmitch, or 
stotiestnickle, and stonesmilh. 
The Stonechat closely resembles the Whinchat, ... a 
circumstance which has caused much confusion ; . . . for 
in almost all parts of England the Whinchat, by far the 
commonest species, popularly does duty for the Stonechat, 
and in many parts of Scotland the Wheatear is universally 
known by that name. Seebohm, Hist. Brit. Birds, I. 317. 
Stonechatter (ston'ohafer). n. Same as stone- 
chat. 
StQne-climber (ston'kl5"mer), n. The dobson 
or hellgrammite. See cut under sprawler. 
[Local, U. S.] 
stoneclink (stou'klingk), n. Same as stnne- 
cliat. 
stone-clover (ston'klo'ver), . The rabbit- 
foot or hare's-foot clover, Trifolium arcense, a 
low slender branching species with very silky 
heads, thence also called puss-clover. It is an 
Old World plant naturalized in America. 
stone-coal (ston'kol), n. [= G. steinkolile; as 
stone + coal."} Mineral coal, or coal dug from 
the earth, as distinguished from charcoal: gen- 
erally applied in England to any particularly 
hard variety of coal, and especially to that 
called in the United States anthracite. See coal. 
stone-cold (ston'kold'), a. Cold as a stone. 
Fletcher aw) Shirley, Night-Walker, iv. 4. 
Stone-color (ston'kul'or), . The color of stone ; 
a grayish color. 
Stone-colored (st6n'kul // ord), a. Of the usual 
color of a large mass of stone, a cold bluish gray. 
stone-coral (ston'kor'al), n. Massive coral, as 
distinguished from branching coral, or tree- 
coral; hard, sclerodermatous or lithocoralline 
coral, as distinguished from sclerobasic coral. 
Most corals are of this character, and are hexacoralline 
(not, however, the red coral of commerce, which is related 
to the sea-fans and other octocorallines). 
stonecrab (ston'krab), . 1. Any crab of the 
family Ifiimolidse. 2. A European crab, Li- 
wingless forms of the orthopterous family Lo- Stonegale (ston gal), n. Same as stamel. 
custidx, living under or among stones and in Stone-galll (ston'gal), . [< stone + </?P.] A 
dark places, and popularly confounded with roundish mass of clay otten occurring in vane- 
true crickets (which belong to the orthopterous fated sandstone. 
family Gri/llidx or Achetidx). There are many spe- Stone-gall 2 (ston gal , . Same as staniel. 
cies, of various parts of the world, some simply called Stone-gatherer (ston'gaTH"er-er), n. A horse- 
crickets, and others cave-crickets. The commonest Ameri- machine for picking up loose stones from the 
can stone-crickets belong to the genus Ceuthophilus, as C. ornnnd Tt ,., ,i,iu ni * rwrivini? hr,i with a toothed 
rnaculatu*. etc. Seec^-mcW, -ad out under Uadencecu*. ggJSSd a' tAvellng a^ron^ a fo?k with c^edTe^ 
Stonecrop (ston krop), n. [< ME. stoncrop,<. AS. an d a lever for emptying it into the box when loaded. 
stdncrop, stonecrop,< Stan, stone, + crop, the top stone-gray (ston'gra), . A dark somewhat 
or head of a plant, a sprout, a bunch or cluster brownish-gray color. 
of flowers: see stone and crop.] The wall-pepper, stone-grig (ston'grig), n. The pride or mud- 
Sedttm acre: so called as frequently growing lamprey, Ammocates brancliialis. 
upon walls and rocks. It is native throughput Eu- stone-hammer (ston'ham'er), n. A hammer 
rope and Asiatic Russia and somewhat employed in orna- for breaking or rough-dressing stones, 
mental gardening; in America called moss, mossy stone- , . - <i,!;X.j\ ., i TTH ., .. ^i, .-,.,.- 
crop, etc , from its creeping and matting stems beset with Stone-hard (ston hard), a. 1. Hard as a stone , 
small sessile leaves. The flowers are bright-yellow in unfeeling. Shak., Rich. III., IV. 4. iil. 2f. 
small terminal cymes. The name is also extended to other Finn : fast. 
species of similar habit, especially S. tematum. and not t . ^. m i.^.j^ ,.,i. ^.,iu-, 1T .n. HOW 
seldom to the whole genus. - Dltch-stonecrop, a plant stcken the 8ttte8 jf,^" SSjSTtotott 884 
of the genus Penthorum, chiefly the American P.sedoides, 
aweed-like plant with yellowish-green flowers, common stone-harmoniCOH (ston 'hiir-mon'i-kon), n. 
in ditches and wet .places. -Great stonecrop, an old Same as i apiacon an d rock-liarmonicon. 
designation of the kidneywort, Cotyledon Umbilicus, also . v . / , ,- /, , \ rpv. ..;,.,, ^i^iro^ 
of SSum a(6,,m.-Mossy stonecrop. See def. stone-hatch (ston hach), n. The nng-plover, 
Stone-crush (ston'krush), . A sore on the foot ^giahtes limticula: so called from nesting on 
caused by a bruise from a stone. [Local.] S ^S^. See cut under JfefeMn. Tarrell. 
Stone-crusher (ston'krush"6r), n. A mill or L^ov. i-ng. J 
machine for crushing or grinding stone or ores Stone-hawk (ston'hak), n. Same as stone-fal- 
for use on roads, etc. ; an ore-crusher; an ore- *<"' 
mill; a stone-breaker (which see). stone-head (ston'hed), . The bed-rock; the 
Stone-curlew (st6n'ker"lu), . 1. The stone- solid rock underlying the superficial detntus. 
plover or thick-knee, (Edicnemus crepitans. See fEng.] 
cut under (Edicneimts.-Z. The whimbrel, Nu- stone-hearted (ston har*ted),. Sameas*to#- 
luenius nlneopus. 3. In the southern United hearted. 
States, the willet, Symphemia semipalmata: a Weepe, ye stone-carted men ! Oh, read andpittie! 
misnomer. Audition. owne,Br 
Stone-cutter (ston'kut'fer), . 1. One whose stone-horet (ston'hor), n. The common stone- 
occupation it is to hew or cut stones for build- crop, Sedum acre; also, S. reflexum. Britten and 
ing, ornamental, or other purposes. 2. A ma- Holland. 
chine for shaping or facing stones. stone-horse (ston'hdrs), n. 
Stone-cutting (ston'kut'ing), . The business 
of cutting or hewing stones for walls, monu- 
ments, etc. 
Stoned (stond), a. [< stone + -e<P.] Having or 
containing stones, in any sense. stone-leek (ston'lek), n. Same as cilol, 2. 
Of toned fruits I have met with three good sorts : viz., Stone-lichen (ston'li'ken), . A lichen grow- 
ing upon stones or rocks, as species of Par- 
melia, Umbilicaria, etc. See lichi'ii. 
stone-lily (st6n'lil'*i), . A fossil crinoid; a 
crinite or encrinite, of a form suggesting a 
lily on its stem. Also called lily-encrinite. A. 
A stallion. [Ob- 
solete or provincial.] 
My grandfathers great stone-hors, flinging up his head, 
and jerking out his left legge. 
jfargfon, Antonio and Mellida, II., i. 3. 
Cherries, plums, and persimmons. 
Beverley, Hist. Virginia, iv. 1 12. 
The way 
Sharpe stan'd and thorny, where he pass'd of late. 
W. Broibne, Britannia's Pastorals, ii. 3 
Stone-dead (ston'ded'), a. [< ME. standeed, Geikie, Geol. Sketches, i. 
standed(= Sw. Dan. stendod); < stone + dead.] stone-liverwortt (ston'liv'er-wert), . The 
Dead as a stone; lifeless. plant Marchantia polymorpha. 
Stone-lobster (ston'lob'ster), . See lobster. 
[Local, U. S.] 
Stone-lugger (ston'lug'er), n. 1. 
The Oeant was by Gaffray don bore, 
So discomfite, standede, and all cold. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), 1. 8121. 
He cannot be so stupid, or stone-dead. 
B. Jonwn, Volpone, i. 1. 
stone-deaf (ston 'def'), . Deaf as a stone; 
totally deaf. 
Stone-devil (ston'dev'l), n. The dobson or hell- 
grammite. See cut under sprawler. [Virginia.] 
stone-dresser (ston'dres"er), . 1. One who 
tools, smooths, and shapes stone for building 
Simmonds.Z. One of a variety of 
ugger (ston'lug'er), M. 1. A catosto- 
moid fish of the United States, Catostomus or 
Hypenteliuiit mgricans; the hog-sucker or hog- 
molly. Also called stone-roller and stone-toter. 
2. A cyprinoid fish of the United States, 
Campostoma anomalum, or some other member 
of that genus. It is 6 or 8 inches long ; in the males 
in spring some of the parts become nery-red, and the 
head and often the whole body is studded with large 
rounded tubercles. It is herbivorous, and abounds in 
deep still places in streams from New York to Mexico. 
Also stone-roller. See cut under Campostoma. 
purposes. 
power-machines for dressing, polishing, and 
finishing marbles, slates, and other building- stoneman (ston'man), . [< stone + dial. man. 
stones a nea P of stones, < W. mam, a stone. Cf. dol- 
