pine : as, the 
[Prov. Eng.] 
stound'^t, n. [ME.: 
grief; longing. 
stound 
xtiniiitl for grass. 
stound^, r.~\ 
5973 
Halliwell. estot, rstut, F. dial, stout, proud, = Pr. rxtout, 
stout, bold, valiant, rash, impetuous, viulem, 
borrow; < Ml), stolt, D. stout, stout, bold, rash, also stu- 
stove 
roiitli. plenty: see )(.] Plenty; abundance. 
[Scotch.] 
To putte awey the stoundes stronge, 
Which in me lasten alle to longe. 
astound of (intuit, astoii : see stun 1 , 
1. 2639. 
pul (influenced by It. stolto, silly, < L. .... 
see stultify), = AS. stolt = OFries. sttilt = M 1 .< i . 
LG. *to/ = OHG. MHG. (i. stole, proud (MIKi 
also foolish, t n 
,/-,< o */, ngto/i: see *!, sfc,,,/.!, .,^, akin to *<Jtt. Hence ult. OF.) MK rtotoy 
Mhm etc.] 1. lost unas with strokes; beat stoteye.] I. a. 1. Bold; valiant ; brave ; dar- 
heavily : as, to sto<rf the ears with the strokes ing 
heavi] 
ofabe'll. [Prov. Eng.] 2. To astound; amaze" 
Your wrath, weak boy ? Tremble at mine unless 
Retraction follow close upon the heels 
Of that late stoundina insult. 
Keats, Otho the Great, iv. 2. 95. 
stpund 3 (stound), n. [< stound^, r.] 1. A stun- 
ning blow or stroke ; the force of a blow. 
Like to a mazed steare, 
That yet of mortall stroke the stound doth beare. 
Spenser, F. Q., IV. vi. 37. 
2. Astonishment; amazement; bewilderment. 
Thus we stood as in a stound, 
And wet with tears, like dew, the ground. 
Gay, Shepherd's Week, Prol., 1. 23. 
stound 4 t (stound). An obsolete past participle 
of stun 1 . Spenser. 
stound 5 (stound), n. [A dial. var. of stand, 
stand: see stand, n.] A vessel to contain small 
beer. [Prov. Eng.] 
ing. 
So sterne he was & stoute & swiche st|r]okes lent 
Was non so stif stclen wede that with-stod his wepen. 
William nf Palerne (E. E. T. S.), 1. 3535. 
Verily Christian did here play the man, and showed 
himself as stout as Hercules could, had he been here. 
Banyan, Pilgrim's Progress, p. 286. 
Have you a stout heart? Nerves fit for sliding panels 
and tapestry 1 Jane A usten, Northanger Abbey, xx. 
2f. Proud; haughty. 
I was hij of herte and statute, 
And in my clothing wondre gay. 
Hymns to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 36. 
As stout and proud as he were lord of all. 
Shale., 2 Hen. VI., I. 1. 187. 
3. Firm; resolute; persistent; stubborn. 
He was a great Becketist viz, a stout opposer of Regal 
Power over Spiritual Persons. 
Fuller, Worthies, Wilts, II. 467. 
Shakespeare was Article XL. of stout old Doctor Port- 
man's creed. Thackeray, Pendennis, ix. 
Stoundmealt(stound'mel), adv._ [<ME. stound- 4 - Hardy; vigorous; lusty; sturdy. 
mele, stoundemele, < AS. stundmalum, at times, < The people of this part of Candia are stout men, and 
stund, time, space of time (see stound 1 ), + mie- drive a great co <ting trade round the island in small 
lum, dat. pi. of inset, a time : see meaft, and ef. arrying wood, corn, and other merchandizes. 
dropmeal, flock-meal, piecemeal, thousandmeal, 
etc.] At times ; at intervals ; from moment to 
moment : also used adjectively. 
The lyf of love is fulle contrarie, 
Which stoundemele can ofte varie. 
Rom. of the Rose, 1. 2304. 
This wynde that moore and moore 
Thus stoundemele encresseth in my face. 
With blithe air of open fellowship, 
Brought from the cupboard wine and stouter cheer. 
Wordsworth, Excursion, ii. 
7. Bulky in figure ; thick-set ; corpulent. 
Mrs. Reed was rather a stout woman ; but . . . she ran 
Pococke, Description of the East, II. i. 241. 
Seven braw fellows, stout and able 
To serve their king and country weel. 
Burnt, Dedication to G. Hamilton. 
5. Firm; sound; stanch; strong. 
The sl.nutc.st vessel to the storm gave way. 
Dryden, Maeiil, i. 170. 
Solid; substantial. 
6. 
Chaucer, Troilus, v. 674. 
stoup. See stoop 1 , stoopV, stoop*. 
stour 1 , . See stoor 1 . 
stour 2 , v. and n. See stoor 2 . 
Stour 3 (stour or stor), re. [Early mod. E. also 
nimbly up the stair. 
Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre, iv. 
. also sture ; < ME. stour, store, stor, =Syn . L valorous, manful, gallant-4 and 5 Stalwart 
star, < OF. estor, estour (also rarely estorme, also Sturdy, etc. See robust. 
It's easy for your honour anil the like o' you gentle 
folks to say MU-, thiit liiii- sliiiilh-iiiul rmilli, iinil tile- ami 
fending, and meat and claith, and sit dry anil canny by 
the Unhide. Scott, Antiquary, XL 
n , , MW ..wiiou, iiut? LW me inu uuiiee t.n i ne i i. word i stout-iiGeirteci (Stout liar ted), a. Having a 
Stound- 5 (stound), v. t. [A var. of stun 1 , as = Icel. stoltr = Sw. Dan. gtolt, proud perhaps stout or brave heart ; also, obstinate. 
llXllltl lilt nt tlxlllll //C//1H - Oaa 0/>Jlll ntr.*,,.*). *.4 ~1_!_ A- -1-1. rr .... !~*L~ . -_--' 
The utmithcarted are spoiled ; they have slept their sleep. 
Ps. Ixxvi. 5. 
StOUt-heartedneSS (stout'hiir'ted-nes), n. The 
quality of being stout-hearted; courage; espe- 
cially, moral courage. 
If any one wants to see what German stout-heartedness, 
rectitude, and hard work could do for Syria, he had liet- 
ter go and live for a while In the German colony at Ha fa. 
Contemporary Rev, LIV. S8. 
Stouthrief (stouth'rof), . [Also corruptly 
stoutlirie ; < stouth + reaf, Be. rii-i', n-if, rob- 
bery: see reaf.] In Scots law, theft accom- 
panied by violence; robbery; burglary. The 
term is usually applied in cases in which rob- 
bery is committed within a dwelling-house. 
Stoutly (stout'li), adr. [< ME. stoutly; < stout 
+ -ly".] In a stout or sturdy manner; with 
boldness, stanchness, or resolution. 
Stoutness (stout'nes), . [< ME.to<e*,- <stout 
+ -ness.] The state or quality of being stout, 
in any sense. 
Stove* (stov), H. [Early mod. E. also stoore, 
rarely stouph ; not found in ME. and rare in AS. 
(see below); < MD. stove, a heated room, bath- 
room, also (with dim. stofken) a foot-stove used 
by women, later D. stoof, a stove, furnace, = 
MLG. stove, a heated room, bath-room, in gen. 
a room, LG. stove, usually stove, a bath-room, in 
gen. a room, = OHG. stubd, stupa, MHG. stube, 
a heated room, a bath-room, G. stube , a room (cf . 
OF. estme, F. etuve = Pr. estuba = Sp. Pg. estiifa 
= It. stufa, a bath-room, hothouse, < OHG.), = 
AS. stofa, a bath-room (glossing L. balneum), 
Icel. stofa, stufa, a bath-room with a stove, = 
Sw. stuga = Dan. stue, a room; cf. OBulg. istu- 
l>a, izba, a tent, Bulg. a hut, cellar, = Sloven. 
izba, jezba, a room, = Serv. izba, a room, = 
Bohem. izba, jizba = Pol. izba, a bath-room, = 
Buss, istlba, izba, a hut, dial, kitchen, = Alba- 
nian isbe, a cellar, = Rum. izbe, a stove, = Turk. 
izbe, a cellar, = OPruss. stubo = Liith. s'tuba = 
Lett, istaba = Finn, tupa = Hung, szoba, a bath- 
room ; all prob. < OHG. or G. The orig. sense 
appears to have been 'a heated room.' The 
application of the name to a means of heating 
is comparatively recent. From the Teut., 
through OF., are derived E. stew 1 and stive!*, 
which are thus doublets of store 1 .] 1. A 
room, chamber, or house artificially warmed. 
[Obsolete except in the specific uses (o), (6), 
below.] 
When a certain Frenchman came to visit Melanchthon 
he found him in his stove, with one hand dandling his 
child in the swaddling clouts and the other holding a book 
and reading it. Fuller. 
When you have taken Care of your Horse, you come 
whole into the Stove, Boots, Baggage, Dirt and all, for that 
is a common Room for all Comers. 
N. Bailey, tr. of Colloquies of Erasmus, I. 288. 
Specifically (a) In hort., a glazed and artificially heated 
building for the culture of tender plants : the same as a 
greenhouse or hothouse, except that the stove maintains 
a higher temperature not lower than 60" F. See green- 
house, hothouse, and dry-stove. [Eng. ] (6) A drying-cham- 
ber, as for plants, extracts, conserves, etc. ; also, a highly 
heated drying-room, used in various manufactures. 
They are sumtimes inforced to rype and dry them [grain] 
in theyr ttooues and hottes houses. 
R. Eden, tr. of Sebastian Munster (First Books on America, 
[ed. Arber, p. 292). 
2f. A place for taking either liquid or vapor 
baths ; a bath-house or bath-room. 
In that village there was a Stoue, into which the cap- 
taine went in the morning, requesting M. Garrard to go 
also to the same to wash himselfe. 
BaUuyt's Voyages, I. 423. 
There are in Fez a hundred buth-stoues well built, with 
foure Hals in each, and certaine Galleries without, in 
which they put off their clothes. 
Punkas, Pilgrimage, p. 617. 
3. A closed or partly closed vessel or receiver 
in which fuel is burned, the radiated heat be- 
ing utilized for warming a room or for cooking. 
Stoves are made of cast-iron and sheet-iron, and also of 
earthenware in the form of tiles cemented together, of 
plaster held together by a frame of wire, or the like, and 
of masonry solidly put together. The stoves of tiles, ma- 
sonry, etc., radiate less heat than iron stoves, but when 
heated remain hotforalongtime. Stoves are divided Into 
the two main classes of cooking-stoves and warming-stoves, 
and are also classified according to the fuel used, as wood- 
stoves, gas-stoves, etc. There are many varieties, named 
according to their use, as the car-stove, camp-stove, foot- 
stove, tinmen's stove, etc., or according to some attach- 
ment, as a water-back stove. Warming-stoves range from 
estormie,estouriie,esturmie), a, tumuli, conflict, 
assault, shock, battle, = Pr. estor = It. stormo, 
dial. Sturm, tumult, noise, bustle, throng, troop, 
band, < OHG. Sturm, storm, battle, = E. storm : 
see storm. For the loss of the final m in OF. , cf . 
OF. tour, turn, jour, day, etc., with loss of final n, 
II. re. Strong ale or beer of any sort ; hence, 
since the introduction of porter, porter of extra 
strength : as, Dublin stout. 
The waiter's hands, that reach 
To each his perfect pint of stout. 
Tennyson, Will Waterproof. 
, 
(see turn, four*).] 1. Tumult; conflict; a war- Stout 1 (stout), v. [< ME. stouten; < stout 1 , a.] 
like encounter; shock of arms; battle. 
Men sen al day and reden ek in storyes 
That after sharpe stoureg ben oft victories. 
Chaucer, Troilus, iii. 1066. 
His horsemen they raid sturdily, 
And stude about him in the stoure. 
Raid of the Reidswire (Child's Ballads, VI. 135). 
2f. A fit ^ a paroxysm. 
Which suddein fltt, and halfe extatick stoure, 
When the two fearefull wemen saw, they grew 
Greatly confused in behaveoure. 
Spenser, F. Q., III. iii. 50. 
3f. Encounter; time or place of meeting. 
Maidens blush when they kiss men ; 
So did Phillis at that stourre ; 
Her face was like the rose flower. 
Greene, The Shepherd's Ode (trans.). 
stour 4 (stour), n. [Also slower; < ME. stoure, 
stourre, < Icel. staurr, a stake, pale ; perhaps 
akin to Gr. oravp6f, a stake, cross: see steer 1 
and staurus.] 1. A stake. 
1. intrans. If. To be bold or defiant. 
Lewed man, thou shalt cursyng doute, 
And to thy prest thou shalt nat stoute. 
MS. Hart. 1701, f. 72. (Halliwell.) 
2. To persist; endure: with an impersonal it. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
We stntiii-tl it out and lived. 
.liuiiilj of Phila. and Penn., I. 385. 
II. t trans. To dare ; defy ; resist. 
For no man ful comunly 
Besecheth a wyfe of foly, 
But there the wyfe ys aboute 
The gode man for to stoute. 
MS. Hart. 1701, f. 20. (Ualliwell.) 
Stout 2 (stout), re. [Also stut; < ME. stout, stut, 
< AS. stut, a gnat.] 1. A gnat. 2. A gadfly. 
[Prov. Eng. in both uses.] 3f. A firefly or 
miller. 
Pirausta, a flre-flye ; . . . some call it a candle-Hie, a 
stout, a miller-fowle, or bishop. Florio. 
stout-dart (stout/dart), . A British noctuid 
moth, Aqrotis ravida. 
-en 1 .] To 
And if he wille no te do soo, I salle late hym witt that 
Sesallesendeagretepowere tohiscitee, andbryneitup stouten (stout'n), V. t. [< stout 1 + 
stikkeand^rr^^^^^^^ ^^ make stout; strengthen. [Rare.] 
2. _ jfijj a A ii. Tne pronounced realist is a useful fellow-creature, but 
.A round ot a ladder. 3. A stave m the so also the pronounced idealist-rtoutai his work though 
side of a wagon. HattiweU. 4. A long pole you well may with a tincture of modem reality, 
by which barges are propelled against the " w - Gilder, New Princeton Rev., IV. 12. 
stream. Also called pay. [Prov. Eng. in all stouth (stouth), . [< ME. stoutk, stealth, < 
uses.] _ Icel. stuldr = Sw. stold, stealth: see stealth.] 
Stourbridge clay. A refractory clay from Theft; stealth; also, a clandestine transac- 
Stourbridge, in Worcestershire, England, occur- tion. Jamieson. [Scotch.] 
ring in the coal-measures, extensively worked 
for the manufacture of fire-brick and crucibles. 
Stoured (stourd), a. [Early mod. E. stowered; 
< stour* + -cd 2 .] Staked. [Prov. Eng.] 
Standyng together at a comon wateryng place ther 
called Hedgedyke, lately stowered for catall to drynke at. 
Archsfologia, XXIII. 23. (Halliwell.) meaning: prob. orig. as if 'plunderaud plenty,' 
Stournesst, Stoury. Same as stoorness, stoorij. i. e. much property acquired and inherited: 
Sum rownys till his fallow thaym betwene, 
Hys mery stouth and pastyme lait jistrene. 
Gavin Douglas, JSneid, xii., Prol., 1. 212. 
stouth-and-routh (stouth'and-routh'), n. [A 
Sc. riming formula, in which one of the words 
appears to be wrenched, as usual, from its lit. 
Stout 1 (stout), a. and n. [< ME. stout, stowtc, 
sometimes stought; < OF. stout, cstout, estolt, 
stouth, theft, stealth (cf. stouthrief, robbery 
with violence, also provision, furuiture); 
