g 
it 
stove 
the open fireplace or Franklin stove t magazine and base- 
burning fireplaces and heaters for wanning more than one 
room, which are more properly furnaces. The word was 
first used in English in this sense as applied to foot-stoves. 
See foot-stove, oil-stove, gas-stove. 
The sempstress speeds to Change with red-tipt nose ; 
The Belgian store beneath her footstool glows. 
Gay, Trivia, ii. 338. 
4. Iii eeraiH., a pottery-kiln. 5. In a furnace, 
the oven in which the blast is heated. 6. In 
bookbinding, an apparatus with which the fin- 
isher heats his tools, formerly made to burn 
charcoal, but latterly gas Air-tight stove. See 
air-tiyht. Bark-stove. Smne as bark-bed. Base-burn- 
ing Stove. See base-burmivi. Camp-stove, a small 
sheet-iron stove, light and portable, used for both cooking 
and heating, as in a tent. Cooking-Stove, a stove ar- 
ranged especially for cooking, having ovens, and often a 
water-back, exposed to the heat of the fire, and pot-holes 
above the fire. Franklin stove, a form of open stove 
invented by Benjamin Franklin in the early part of his 
life, and called by him " the Pennsylvania fireplace." The 
name is now given (a) to any open stove with or without 
doors that open widely, and with andirons or a grate simi- 
lar to those of an ordinary fireplace ; (6) to a kind of fire- 
place with back and sides of ironwork and some arrange- 
ment for heating the air in chambers which communi- 
cate with the room. Norwegian stove, a chamber the 
walls of which are made as perfect non-conductors of heat 
as possible, used for cooking by enabling a pot or saucepan 
full of boiling water, placed in it, to retain its heat for a 
reat length of time, thus stewing the meat, etc., which 
it may contain. The same chamber may be used as a re- 
frigerator, as it keeps ice unmelted for a long time. 
Rotary stove. See rotary oven, under oven. 
Stove 1 (stov), v. t.; pret. and pp. staved, ppr. 
staving. [< stove 1 , n. Cf. stew 1 , v., tte, v.] 
1. To heat in a stove or heated room; expose 
to moderate heat in a vessel. Specifically (o) To 
keep warm in a house or room by artificial heat : as, to 
stove orange-trees. 
For December and January, and the latter part of No- 
vember, you must take such things as are green all win- 
ter ; ... lemon-trees, and myrtles, if they be staved. 
Bacon, Gardens (ed. 1887). 
(b) To heat in or as in a stove : as, to atone feathers ; to 
stove printed fabrics (to fix the color); to stove ropes (to 
make them pliable) ; to stove timber. 
Light upon some Dutchmen, with whom we had good 
discourse touching stocetng. and making of cables. 
Pepys, Diary, II. 210. 
And in 1726, when the ship was surveyed by the Master 
Shipwrights of Portsmouth and Deptford, with the view 
to her being rebuilt, it was found that the stoned planks 
were fresher and tougher, and appeared to have fewer de- 
fects, than those which had been charred, many of the lat- 
ter being found rotten. Fincham, Ship-building, iii. 32. 
(e) In vinegar-manvf. . to expose (malt-wash, etc.) in casks 
to artificial heat in a close room, in order to induce acetous 
fermentation, (d) In ceram., to expose to a low heat. 
See pottery, porcelain, and kiln. (e) To cook in a close ves- 
sel; stew. [Scotch or prov. Eng.) 
The supper was simple enough. There were oatcakes 
and cheese on the table, a large dish of slaved potatoes 
steaming and savory, and a jug of milk. 
Mrs. Oliphant, Joyce, v. 
2f. To shut up, as iii a stove ; inclose; confine. 
A naked or stov'd fire, pent up within the house without 
any exit or succession of external fresh and unexhausted 
vital air, must needs be noxious and pernicious. 
Evelyn, Advertisement to Quintenye. (Richardson.) 
Fighting cocks . . . must then be staved, which meant 
putting them in deep baskets filled with straw, covering 
them with straw, and shutting down the lids. 
J. Athlon, Social Life in Keign of Queen Anne, I. 302. 
Stove 2 (stov). Preterit and past participle of 
stave. 
Stove-coal (stov'kol), . Coal of either of two 
sizes: (a) large stove, or No. 3, which passes 
through a 2i- to 2-inch mesh, and over a 1J- to 
1^-inch mesh, and (6) small stove, known as 
No. 4, which passes through a 1|- to If-inch 
mesh, and over a 1- to 1-inch mesh. Penn. 
Sure. Gloss. 
Stove-drum (stov'drum), H. A chamber over 
a stove in which the heated gases are received 
before being discharged into the chimney, in 
order that their heat may be utilized. 
stove-glass (stov'glas), n. See glass. 
Stove-hearth (stov'harth), n. The horizontal 
shelf or ledge which in some stoves lies outside 
and in front of the grate containing the fuel. 
[New Eng.] 
stove-house (stov'hous), . Same as store 1 , 1. 
(a) Same as stovel, 1 (a). (6) In the preparation of furs, a 
house or chamber in which the skins are dried. 
The stove-house is full of iron racks upon which are 
placed iron rods, which receive the skins. 
Ure, Diet., IV. 380. 
stove-jack (stov'jak), . Same as smoke- 
jack, 2. 
stovepipe (stov'pip), . 1. A metal pipe for 
conducting smoke, gases, etc., from a stove 
to a chimney-flue. 2. Same as stovepipe hat. 
[Colloq., U. S.] stovepipe hat. Same as chimney- 
pot hat (which see, under hati). [Colloq., U. 8.] 
He bore himself like an ancient prophet, and would 
have looked like one only for his black face and a rusty 
stone-pipe hat. Harper's Mag., LXXX. 391. 
5 '.174 
Stovepiping (stov'pi'ping), n. [X 
-iiif/.J Tubing for a stovepipe. 
A piece of dove-piping about 18 in. long. 
Workshop Keceipts, 2d ser., p. 102. 
stove-plant (stov'plant), . A plant cultivated 
in a stove. See store 1 , 1 (a). 
Stove-plate (stov'plat), w. 1. One of the plates 
or lids serving to cover the apertures in the top 
of a cooking-stove; a griddle. 2. Same as 
xtin-f-lii'iirlli. Trim.*. .\in<r. /'Itilol. Ass., XVII., 
App., p. xii. [Pennsylvania.] 
stove-polish (st6v'pol''ish), . See polish 1 . 
stover' (sto'ver), a. [< ME. storcr, < OF. <x- 
tnrrr, rxluroir. necessaries. < c:<tnn r, etilnnir, 
mtoroir, i-xtnrair, I'xtrrtiir. ustiiroir, istoroir, en- 
tovoir, stovoir, used impers., it is necessary; 
origin unknown.] Fodder and provision of all 
sorts for cattle. [Obsolete or prov. Eng.] 
Where live nibbling sheep, 
And flat meads thatch'd with stover, them to keep. 
Shale., Tempest, iv. 1. 63. 
stoyer 2 t (sto'ver), v. i. [Origin obscure.] To 
bristle up; stiffen. [Obsolete or prov. Eng.] 
Heard, be confln'd to neatness, that no hair 
May stover up to prick my mistress' lip. 
Ford, Love's Sacrifice, ii. 1. 
Stove-truck (stov'truk), . 1. In a cannon- 
foundry, a truck on which ordnance is moved. 
2. A truck for moving heavy stoves. It is 
run under the stove, when, by means of a lever, Its plat- 
form is raised, and lifts the stove. The lever serves as a 
handle for guiding the truck. E. H. Knight. 
stow 1 (sto), r. t. [< ME. stotcen, stouten, steicen, 
< AS. stowigan, stow, = MD. stouwen, stuwen, 
D. stuwen = MLG. stouwen, stowen, LG. stanen, 
bring to a stand, hinder, = OHG. stvwan, stouw- 
an, stiiiciiii, utiian, xtiien, stuoican, MHG. stouwen, 
G. stauen, bring to a halt, hem in, stow, pack, = 
Sw. stufva = Dan. stuve, stow, pack (< LG. f ) ; 
lit. 'place,' 'put in place,' < stow, a place, = 
OFries. sto, a place, = Icel. *sto, in eld-sto, a fire- 
place, = Lith. stotca, a place where one stands; 
prob. from the root of stand (/ sta) : see stand, 
state. But the continental forms (to which is 
due stoic' 2 ') may not be connected with the AS. 
verb, which is rare. Cf . bestow. See also steic?.] 
1. To put in a suitable or convenient place or 
position; put in a place aside or out of the 
way ; lay up ; put up ; pack ; especially, to pack 
in a convenient form: as, to stow bags, bales, 
or casks in a ship's hold ; to stow sheaves. 
He radde religion here ruele to holde, 
" Leste the kyng and tins consail soure comunes a-peyre, 
And be stywardes of ,;<mre stedes til xe be stewed betere." 
Piers Pluwman (C), vi. 146. 
Foul thief, where hast thou stow'il my daughter? 
Shot., Othello, 1. 2. 62. 
We pointed to the white rolls of stowed hammocks in 
the nettings. 
J. W. Palmer, Up and Down the Irrawaddi, p. 219. 
2. To accumulate or compactly arrange any- 
thing in; fill by packing closely: as, to stoic a 
box or the hold of a ship. 
The tythe o' what ye waste at cartes 
Wad stow'd his pantry ! 
Burns, To W. Simpson. 
3. To contain ; hold. 
Shall thy black bark those guilty spirits stow 
That kill themselves for love? 
Fletcher, Mad Lover, iv. 1. 
There was an English ship then in the roads, whereof 
one Mr. Mariot was master; he entertained as many as 
his ship could stow. Winthrop, Hist. New England, II. 293. 
4. To furl or roll up, as a sail. 5. In mining, 
to fill up (vacant spaces) with stowing. A mine is 
worked by the method of stowing when all the valuable 
substance ore, or coal, or whatever it may be is taken 
out, and the vacant space packed full of deads or refuse, 
either that famished by the workings themselves, or stuff 
brought from the surface, or both together. 
6f. To bestow ; give ; grant. 
If thou dost flow 
In thy frank guiftes, & thy golde freely stow, 
The principal! will make thy pennance ebbe. 
Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.), p. 81. 
7t. To intrust ; commit ; give in charge. 
Stowyne or waryne, or besettyne, as men done moneye 
or chaffer. Commute. Prompt. Pan., p. 478. 
To Stow down, (a) To put In the hold of a vessel ; stow 
away ; specifically, to run (oil) into the casks of a whaler. 
( '*) To furnish as the stowdown : as, the whale stowed down 
75 barrels of oil. 
Stow 2 (sto), v. [ME. stoiren : see stoic 1 .] I. 
trans. If. To resist; hinder; stop, 
giff any man stow me this nyth, 
I xal hym geve a dedly wownde. 
Coventry Mysteries, p. 217. (Halliwell.) 
2. To put out of sight or hearing; be silent 
about. [Slang.] 
Now if you'll stow all that gammon and speak common- 
sense for three minutes, 111 tell you my mind right away. 
Whyte Mehille, White Rose, II. xx. 
strabismus 
II. t iiitriiii*. To niiikc resistance; resist. 
Thay stekede stedys in stourc with stelene wapynes, 
And alle stowede wyth strenghe that stode theme agaynes ! 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1489. 
Stow :i (stou), /-. t. [Cf. LG. stuce, stuf, a rem- 
nant, stuf, blunt, stumpy.] To cut off; crop; 
lop. [Prov. Eng. and Scotch.] 
If ever any body should affront his kinsman, ... he 
would stow his lugs out of his head, were he the best man 
in Glasgow. Scott, Hob Roy, xxxvi. 
stow 4 (sto), 11. [A dial. var. of .store 1 .] In tin- 
lilitli' iiiiiiiiif., the structure which contains the 
furnace and the series of five pots. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
Stow 4 (sto). r.t. [A dial. var. of store 1 .] Todry 
in an oven. [Prov. Eng.] 
Stowage (sto'aj), . [< stow 1 + -age.] I. The 
act or operation of stowing. 
Coasting vessels, in the frequent hurry and bustle at- 
tendant upon taking in or discharging cargo, are the most 
liable to mishap from the want of a proper attention to 
stowage. Poe, Narrative of A. Gordon Pym, vi. 
2. The state of being stowed ; also, a place in 
which something is or may be stowed; room 
for stowing. 
I am something curious, being strange, 
To have them [Jewels, etc.] in safe stowage. 
Shak., Cymbeline, i. 6. 192. 
They may as well sue for Nunneries, that they may have 
some convenient stowage for their wither'd daughters. 
Hilton, On Uef. of Humb. Remonst. 
In every vessel there is stowage for immense treasures. 
Addison. (Johnson.) 
3. Money paid for stowing goods. 4. That 
which is stowed. 
We ha' ne'er better luck 
When we ha' such stowage as these trinkets with us. 
Fletcher (and another), Sea Voyage, i. 1. 
stowaway (sto'a-wa*), w. [< stow 1 + away.] 
One who, in order to secure a free passage, 
conceals himself aboard an outward-bound 
vessel, with the hope of remaining undiscov- 
ered until too late to be sent ashore. 
stowdown (sto'doun), . The act of stowing 
down, also that which is stowed down, in the 
hold of a vessel. 
stower 1 (sto'er), . [< stow 1 + -er 1 .] One who 
stows; specifically, a workman who assists in 
stowing away the cargo in the hold of a vessel. 
stower-, stoweredt. See stour*, stoured. 
Stowing (sto'ing), H. In mining, rubbish, or 
material of any kind, taken from near at hand, 
or brought from the surface, and used to fill 
up places from which ore, coal, or other valua- 
ble substance has been removed. 
stowlins (sto'linz), adr. [Contracted from 
'stolenlings, < stolen + -ling 2 .] Stealthily. 
Rab, stowlins, prie'd her bonnie mou' . . . 
Unseen that night. Burns, Halloween. 
stown (stoun). A Scotch past participle of 
steal. 
My mither she fell sick, and the cow was stown awa. 
Avid Robin Gray. 
stowret. Same as stoor 1 , stoor 2 . 
stow-wood (sto'wud), n. 2faut., billets of wood 
used for steadying casks in a vessel's hold. 
S. T. P. An abbreviation of Saerse or Sacro- 
sanctie Theologiee Professor, Professor of Sa- 
cred Theology. 
strat, n. An obsolete form of straw 1 . 
strabism (stra'bizm), n. [< NL. strabismus.] 
Same as strabismus. 
strabismal (stra-biz'mal), a. [< strabism + 
-al.] Same as strabisniic. 
strabismic (stra-biz'mik), a. [< strabism + 
-ic.] Pertaining to, affected by, or involving 
strabismus; squinting; distorted. 
Strabismical (stra-biz'mi-kal), a. [< strabis- 
niic + -al.] Same as strabisniic. Science, XIII. 
364. 
strabismometer (strab-is-mom'e-ter), . [< 
NL. strabismus, q. v., + Gr. fitrpov, measure.] 
An instrument for measuring strabismus; a 
strabometer. 
Strabismus (stra-bis'mus), !. [= F. strabisme, 
< NL. strabismus, < Gr. oT/xz/3T/idf, a squint- 
ing, < arpafiof, crooked, distorted, < orptyeiv, 
twist, turn about.] Squint; a failure of one 
of the visual axes to pass through the fixation- 
point (the point which is looked at). The eye 
whose visual axis passes through the fixation-point is 
called the working eye, the other the squinting eye. 
Absolute strabismus, strabismus occurring for all 
distances of the fixation-point. Concomitant stra- 
bismus, strabismus which remains about the same in 
amount for all positions of the fixation-point. Conver- 
gent strabismus, strabismus in which the visual axes 
cross between the fixation-point and the eyes. Diplopia 
from this cause is said to be hornonymvus. Divergent 
strabismus, divergent squint, in which the visual axes 
